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  • Cambridge University Press (CUP)  (14)
  • 1
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    A scoping review of factors potentially linked with antimicrobial-resistant bacteria from turkeys (iAM.AMR Project)
    Cambridge University Press (CUP) ; 2022
    In:  Epidemiology and Infection Vol. 150 ( 2022)
    Details
    In: Epidemiology and Infection, Cambridge University Press (CUP), Vol. 150 ( 2022)
    Abstract: Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) is a complex problem that is a threat to global public health. Consumption of turkey meat may be an important source of foodborne exposure to resistant bacteria; recent outbreaks of multi-drug-resistant Salmonella Reading in Canada and the USA have implicated raw turkey products. To better understand the epidemiology of AMR in farmed turkey production, a scoping review was conducted. The objectives were to identify (1) modifiable factors potentially associated with antimicrobial-resistant Campylobacter , Enterococcus , Escherichia coli and Salmonella enterica along the farm-to-fork pathway in turkeys, and (2) data gaps with respect to factors potentially associated with AMR and Canadian commercial turkey production. A comprehensive search of the peer-reviewed literature was conducted in 2019 and updated in 2021. Thirteen references were included, reporting 36 factors. Antimicrobial use factors and their potential associations with AMR were most frequently reported ( n = 15 factors; 42%), followed by biosecurity ( n = 11; 31%) and management practices ( n = 10; 28%). This review revealed important data gaps; no factors pertaining to S. enterica or to stages other than the farm (e.g. abattoir, retail) were identified, and only one Canadian reference was identified. These findings will inform priorities for future research and surveillance regarding turkeys and AMR.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0950-2688 , 1469-4409
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1017/S0950268822001224
    RVK:
    XA 41125
    Language: English
    Publisher: Cambridge University Press (CUP)
    Publication Date: 2022
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 1470211-3
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  • 2
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    Online Resource
    The relative involvement of Th1 and Th2 associated immune responses in the expulsion of a primary infection of Heligmosomoides polygyrus in mice of differing response phenotype
    Cambridge University Press (CUP) ; 2003
    In:  Journal of Helminthology Vol. 77, No. 2 ( 2003-06), p. 133-146
    Details
    In: Journal of Helminthology, Cambridge University Press (CUP), Vol. 77, No. 2 ( 2003-06), p. 133-146
    Abstract: T helper cell (Th1 and Th2) associated responses were examined following a primary infection with the gastrointestinal nematode Heligmosomoides polygyrus in five inbred strains of mice with different resistance phenotypes. Levels of (i) mast cell protease, (ii) specific IgE, (iii) nitric oxide and (iv) specific IgG2a, as markers of Th2 and Th1 associated responses, respectively, were determined in sera and intestinal fluids and correlated with worm burdens. The ‘fast’ responder (resistant) strains SWR and SJL produced strong Th2 and Th1 associated responses respectively in a mutually exclusive fashion. The F 1 hybrid (SWR×SJL) F 1 , showed rapid expulsion of the parasite and expressed both intense Th1 and Th2 responses, suggesting synergism between Th1 and Th2 activity in these mice. The results indicate that both Th2 and Th1 responses operate in mice following a primary infection with H. polygyrus and that each Th response may be involved to a greater or lesser degree within certain strains. Resistance to H. polygyrus was found to correlate only to the intensity of either the gut-associated mastocytosis or nitric oxide production in these strains but not to either specific IgE or IgG2a titres. Chronic infections in the ‘slow’ response phenotype mouse strains CBA and C57BL/10, were associated with both poor Th2 and poor Th1-associated responses attributed to a general parasite-mediated immunosuppression of the host immune response to infection.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0022-149X , 1475-2697
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1079/JOH2003173
    RVK:
    WA 15000
    Language: English
    Publisher: Cambridge University Press (CUP)
    Publication Date: 2003
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2027960-7
    SSG: 12
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  • 3
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    Immunological relationships during primary infection with Heligmosomoides polygyrus : Th2 cytokines and primary response phenotype
    Cambridge University Press (CUP) ; 1994
    In:  Parasitology Vol. 108, No. 4 ( 1994-05), p. 461-471
    Details
    In: Parasitology, Cambridge University Press (CUP), Vol. 108, No. 4 ( 1994-05), p. 461-471
    Abstract: The primary immune response to infection with Heligmosomoides polygyrus was studied in mice differing in response phenotype (fast-SWR, intermediate-NIH, slow-CBA). Marked IgGl and IgE but not IgG2a antibody responses were detected in infected mice and the former were more intense in fast compared with slow responder strains. Mastocytosis, MMCP-1, and the secretion of cytokines by mesenteric lymph node cells, following stimulation in vitro by Con A, were also more intense initially in SWR mice. Secretion of IL-4 declined in all strains by the 4th week of infection, irrespective of response phenotype. IL-10 was only produced briefly by SWR mice. However, the temporal patterns of secretion of IL-3 and IL-9 clearly distinguished fast from slow responder phenotypes. Following initial intense secretion of IL-3, production declined in all strains but in the 5–6th weeks enhanced secretion was evident in SWR and NIH mice and was sustained until week 10 p.i. In contrast, CBA mice never recovered from the initial down-regulation in weeks 3–4 and secretion declined to background levels by week 6 p.i. despite the continued presence of adult worms. Temporal changes in the secretion of IL-9 were very similar: secretion declined in CBA mice by week 6 p.i., whilst SWR and NIH mice continued to secrete high amounts. We suggest that fast and slow responder mice differ not only in their initial responsiveness to parasite antigens but also in their ability to sustain a Th2 response to the parasite and we propose that the latter is in part determined by their different susceptibilities to parasite-mediated immunomodulation. Only the fast responder strains can sustain a Th2 response of sufficient intensity to facilitate expulsion of adult worms.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0031-1820 , 1469-8161
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1017/S0031182000076022
    RVK:
    WA 15000
    Language: English
    Publisher: Cambridge University Press (CUP)
    Publication Date: 1994
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 1491287-9
    SSG: 12
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  • 4
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    GASKAP—The Galactic ASKAP Survey
    Cambridge University Press (CUP) ; 2013
    In:  Publications of the Astronomical Society of Australia Vol. 30 ( 2013)
    Details
    In: Publications of the Astronomical Society of Australia, Cambridge University Press (CUP), Vol. 30 ( 2013)
    Abstract: A survey of the Milky Way disk and the Magellanic System at the wavelengths of the 21-cm atomic hydrogen (H i ) line and three 18-cm lines of the OH molecule will be carried out with the Australian Square Kilometre Array Pathfinder telescope. The survey will study the distribution of H i emission and absorption with unprecedented angular and velocity resolution, as well as molecular line thermal emission, absorption, and maser lines. The area to be covered includes the Galactic plane (| b | 〈 10°) at all declinations south of δ = +40°, spanning longitudes 167° through 360°to 79° at b = 0°, plus the entire area of the Magellanic Stream and Clouds, a total of 13 020 deg 2 . The brightness temperature sensitivity will be very good, typically σ T ≃ 1 K at resolution 30 arcsec and 1 km s −1 . The survey has a wide spectrum of scientific goals, from studies of galaxy evolution to star formation, with particular contributions to understanding stellar wind kinematics, the thermal phases of the interstellar medium, the interaction between gas in the disk and halo, and the dynamical and thermal states of gas at various positions along the Magellanic Stream.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1323-3580 , 1448-6083
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1017/pasa.2012.003
    Language: English
    Publisher: Cambridge University Press (CUP)
    Publication Date: 2013
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2560489-2
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2079225-6
    SSG: 16,12
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  • 5
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    Online Resource
    Principles for the conservation of wild living resources
    Cambridge University Press (CUP) ; 1997
    In:  Environment and Development Economics Vol. 2, No. 1 ( 1997-02), p. 39-110
    Details
    In: Environment and Development Economics, Cambridge University Press (CUP), Vol. 2, No. 1 ( 1997-02), p. 39-110
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1355-770X , 1469-4395
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1017/S1355770X97220115
    Language: English
    Publisher: Cambridge University Press (CUP)
    Publication Date: 1997
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 1501045-4
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  • 6
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    Online Resource
    The Phase II Murchison Widefield Array: Design overview
    Cambridge University Press (CUP) ; 2018
    In:  Publications of the Astronomical Society of Australia Vol. 35 ( 2018)
    Details
    In: Publications of the Astronomical Society of Australia, Cambridge University Press (CUP), Vol. 35 ( 2018)
    Abstract: We describe the motivation and design details of the ‘Phase II’ upgrade of the Murchison Widefield Array radio telescope. The expansion doubles to 256 the number of antenna tiles deployed in the array. The new antenna tiles enhance the capabilities of the Murchison Widefield Array in several key science areas. Seventy-two of the new tiles are deployed in a regular configuration near the existing array core. These new tiles enhance the surface brightness sensitivity of the array and will improve the ability of the Murchison Widefield Array to estimate the slope of the Epoch of Reionisation power spectrum by a factor of ∼3.5. The remaining 56 tiles are deployed on long baselines, doubling the maximum baseline of the array and improving the array u, v coverage. The improved imaging capabilities will provide an order of magnitude improvement in the noise floor of Murchison Widefield Array continuum images. The upgrade retains all of the features that have underpinned the Murchison Widefield Array’s success (large field of view, snapshot image quality, and pointing agility) and boosts the scientific potential with enhanced imaging capabilities and by enabling new calibration strategies.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1323-3580 , 1448-6083
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1017/pasa.2018.37
    Language: English
    Publisher: Cambridge University Press (CUP)
    Publication Date: 2018
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2560489-2
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2079225-6
    SSG: 16,12
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  • 7
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Assessment of body composition in Indian adults: comparison between dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry and isotope dilution technique
    Cambridge University Press (CUP) ; 2014
    In:  British Journal of Nutrition Vol. 112, No. 7 ( 2014-10-14), p. 1147-1153
    Details
    In: British Journal of Nutrition, Cambridge University Press (CUP), Vol. 112, No. 7 ( 2014-10-14), p. 1147-1153
    Abstract: Dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) and isotope dilution technique have been used as reference methods to validate the estimates of body composition by simple field techniques; however, very few studies have compared these two methods. We compared the estimates of body composition by DXA and isotope dilution ( 18 O) technique in apparently healthy Indian men and women (aged 19–70 years, n 152, 48 % men) with a wide range of BMI (14–40 kg/m 2 ). Isotopic enrichment was assessed by isotope ratio mass spectroscopy. The agreement between the estimates of body composition measured by the two techniques was assessed by the Bland–Altman method. The mean age and BMI were 37 ( sd 15) years and 23·3 ( sd 5·1) kg/m 2 , respectively, for men and 37 ( sd 14) years and 24·1 ( sd 5·8) kg/m 2 , respectively, for women. The estimates of fat-free mass were higher by about 7 (95 % CI 6, 9) %, those of fat mass were lower by about 21 (95 % CI − 18, − 23) %, and those of body fat percentage (BF%) were lower by about 7·4 (95 % CI − 8·2, − 6·6) % as obtained by DXA compared with the isotope dilution technique. The Bland–Altman analysis showed wide limits of agreement that indicated poor agreement between the methods. The bias in the estimates of BF% was higher at the lower values of BF%. Thus, the two commonly used reference methods showed substantial differences in the estimates of body composition with wide limits of agreement. As the estimates of body composition are method-dependent, the two methods cannot be used interchangeably.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0007-1145 , 1475-2662
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1017/S0007114514001718
    Language: English
    Publisher: Cambridge University Press (CUP)
    Publication Date: 2014
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2016047-1
    SSG: 12
    SSG: 21
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  • 8
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    A SAR record of early 21st century change in Greenland
    Cambridge University Press (CUP) ; 2016
    In:  Journal of Glaciology Vol. 62, No. 231 ( 2016-02), p. 62-71
    Details
    In: Journal of Glaciology, Cambridge University Press (CUP), Vol. 62, No. 231 ( 2016-02), p. 62-71
    Abstract: Glaciers in Greenland are changing rapidly. To better understand these changes, we have produced a series of seven synthetic aperture radar (SAR) backscatter mosaics for seven winters during the period from 2000 to 2013. Six of the mosaics were created using RADARSAT Fine-Beam data and the seventh used ALOS-PALSAR Fine-Beam Single-Polarization data. The RADARSAT mosaics are radiometrically calibrated and capture changes in the backscatter coefficient related to melt and other events, particularly the strong melting in the summer of 2012. Comparison of features in the ascending-orbit ALOS mosaic and the descending-orbit RADARSAT mosaics indicate that in areas of smooth to moderate topography their locations are consistent to within a few tens of meters. The locations of features identifiable in the RADARSAT mosaics, which were collected with the same imaging parameters, generally agree to within better than the 20 m posting of the data. With such geometric accuracy, these data establish a record of change in Greenland for the early part of the 21st century, thus providing a baseline that can be compared with new radar and optical datasets.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0022-1430 , 1727-5652
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1017/jog.2016.10
    Language: English
    Publisher: Cambridge University Press (CUP)
    Publication Date: 2016
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2140541-4
    SSG: 14
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  • 9
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    Records of unsuccessful attack by Anoplophora glabripennis (Coleoptera: Cerambycidae) on broadleaf trees of questionable suitability in Canada
    Cambridge University Press (CUP) ; 2016
    In:  The Canadian Entomologist Vol. 148, No. 5 ( 2016-10), p. 569-578
    Details
    In: The Canadian Entomologist, Cambridge University Press (CUP), Vol. 148, No. 5 ( 2016-10), p. 569-578
    Abstract: Discovery of the non-native Anoplophora glabripennis Motschulsky (Coleoptera: Cerambycidae) in Ontario, Canada, in 2003 led to the implementation of an eradication programme. The plan consisted of removing all infested trees and all trees belonging to a genus considered suitable for complete development of this wood-borer that were found within 400 m of an infested tree; however, many of the trees within that 400 m belonged to genera for which suitability for development of A. glabripennis was questionable or unknown. We visually inspected over 3000 such trees annually for the three years following removal of infested trees. All but one tree were unattacked: an ash ( Fraxinus excelsior Linnaeus (Oleaceae)) tree had signs of oviposition and early-instar development, but not of adult emergence. Before that survey, we had found only one other species with questionable suitability, a little leaf linden ( Tilia cordat a Miller (Malvaceae)) that had many signs of oviposition, but no evidence of full development, suggesting resistance to A. glabripennis . Both of these trees were within 200 m of the most heavily infested maple ( Acer platanoides Linnaeus (Sapindaceae)) tree found in that infestation, suggesting that colonisation of trees with questionable or unknown suitability might occur mostly where population pressure is high.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0008-347X , 1918-3240
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.4039/tce.2016.2
    Language: English
    Publisher: Cambridge University Press (CUP)
    Publication Date: 2016
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2119167-0
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2472093-8
    SSG: 12
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  • 10
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    Optimizing utilization of beta-lactam surgical prophylaxis through implementation of a structured allergy assessment tool in a presurgical clinic
    Cambridge University Press (CUP) ; 2019
    In:  Infection Control & Hospital Epidemiology Vol. 40, No. 12 ( 2019-12), p. 1420-1422
    Details
    In: Infection Control & Hospital Epidemiology, Cambridge University Press (CUP), Vol. 40, No. 12 ( 2019-12), p. 1420-1422
    Abstract: In patients with β-lactam allergies, administration of non–β-lactam surgical prophylaxis is associated with increased risk of infection. Although many patients self-report β-lactam allergies, most are unconfirmed or mislabeled. A quality improvement process, utilizing a structured β-lactam allergy tool, was implemented to improve the utilization of preferred β-lactam surgical prophylaxis.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0899-823X , 1559-6834
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1017/ice.2019.274
    Language: English
    Publisher: Cambridge University Press (CUP)
    Publication Date: 2019
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2106319-9
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