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  • 1
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    Online Resource
    Rising burden of overweight and obesity among Indian adults: empirical insights for public health preparedness
    Cambridge University Press (CUP) ; 2021
    In:  Journal of Biosocial Science Vol. 53, No. 5 ( 2021-09), p. 709-723
    Details
    In: Journal of Biosocial Science, Cambridge University Press (CUP), Vol. 53, No. 5 ( 2021-09), p. 709-723
    Abstract: With simultaneous efforts to address a huge burden of malnutrition, especially among children and younger women, India also encounters a mushrooming prevalence of overweight and obesity among the adult population. This study analysed data from two consecutive rounds of the National Family Health Survey (NFHS) conducted in 2005–06 and 2015–16, to present the burden of overweight and obesity among adult men and women in India. The findings highlight a rising burden of overweight and obesity, although the level and the extent of change over the study period varied across states. The district-wise analysis revealed geographical clusters of overweight and obesity. Further investigation suggests that overweight or obesity are not exclusive to urban areas, and economically well-off populations are more inclined to be overweight or obese. The trends and patterns of overweight and obesity in India argue for timely public health preparedness and interventions to avoid the rising incidence of non-communicable diseases in India.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0021-9320 , 1469-7599
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1017/S0021932020000486
    Language: English
    Publisher: Cambridge University Press (CUP)
    Publication Date: 2021
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  • 2
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    Factors associated with minimum dietary diversity failure among Indian children
    Cambridge University Press (CUP) ; 2022
    In:  Journal of Nutritional Science Vol. 11 ( 2022)
    Details
    In: Journal of Nutritional Science, Cambridge University Press (CUP), Vol. 11 ( 2022)
    Abstract: Recognising the importance of infant and young child feeding practices during the first 2 years of life, the World Health Organization's Global Nutrition Monitoring Framework developed a minimum dietary diversity (MDD) indicator for feeding children aged 6–23 months. MDD is defined as the consumption of food items from five or more groups out of a total of eight food groups. Food intake from less than five food groups is considered minimum dietary diversity failure (MDDF). Using the nationally representative National Family Health Survey (NFHS) dataset, the present study assessed the trend in MDDF between 2005–6 and 2015–16 and the factors associated with MDDF among children aged 6–23 months during 2015–16. The NFHS conducted in 2005–6 and 2015–16 covered a sample of 14 419 and 74 078 children aged 6–23 months, respectively. Overall, the MDDF reduced from 87⋅4  % (95  % confidence interval (95  % CI) 86⋅8  %, 87⋅9  %) in 2005–6 to 80⋅6  % (95  % CI 80⋅1  %, 81⋅0  %) in 2015–16. Multivariable logistic regression analysis revealed that increased child's age, second and third birth order children, higher maternal age and education, mass media exposure of mothers and more than four antenatal care visits had a negative association with the MDDF. Children living in rural areas and residing in high-focus states of India were observed with higher odds of experiencing MDDF. Exposure to community healthcare services was negatively associated with MDDF, and anaemic children were more likely to have MDDF. Socioeconomic status of mothers and children and encouragement of maternal and child healthcare use could be helpful in devising context-specific intervention to mitigate MDDF.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2048-6790
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1017/jns.2022.2
    Language: English
    Publisher: Cambridge University Press (CUP)
    Publication Date: 2022
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2656288-1
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  • 3
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    Public health interventions to improve maternal nutrition during pregnancy: a nationally representative study of iron and folic acid consumption and food supplements in India
    Cambridge University Press (CUP) ; 2020
    In:  Public Health Nutrition Vol. 23, No. 15 ( 2020-10), p. 2671-2686
    Details
    In: Public Health Nutrition, Cambridge University Press (CUP), Vol. 23, No. 15 ( 2020-10), p. 2671-2686
    Abstract: Despite a reduction in maternal mortality in recent years, a high rate of anaemia and other nutrient inadequacies during pregnancy pose a serious threat to mothers and their children in the Global South. Using the framework of the WHO–Commission on Social Determinants of Health, this study examines the socioeconomic, programmatic and contextual factors associated with the consumption of iron and folic acid (IFA) tablets/syrup for at least 100 d (IFA100) and receiving supplementary food (SF) by pregnant women in India. Design: We analysed a nationally representative cross-sectional survey of over 190 898 ever-married women aged 15–49 years who were interviewed as part of the National Family Health Survey (NFHS) conducted during 2015–16, who had at least one live birth preceding 5 years of the survey. Setting: All twenty-nine states and seven union territories of India. Participants: Ever-married women aged 15–49 years. Results: Less than one-third of women were found to be consuming IFA100, and a little over half received SF during their last pregnancy. The consumption of IFA100 was likely to improve with women’s education, household wealth, early and more prenatal visits, and in a community with high pregnancy registration. Higher parity, early and more prenatal visits, contact with community health workers during pregnancy, belonging to a poor household and living in an aggregated poor community and rural area positively determine whether a woman might receive SF during pregnancy. Conclusions: Continuous monitoring and evaluation of provisioning IFA and SF in targeted groups and communities is a key to expanding the coverage and reducing the burden of undernutrition during pregnancy.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1368-9800 , 1475-2727
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1017/S1368980020001007
    Language: English
    Publisher: Cambridge University Press (CUP)
    Publication Date: 2020
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2016337-X
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  • 4
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    Shooting shadows: India’s struggle to reduce the burden of anaemia
    Cambridge University Press (CUP) ; 2023
    In:  British Journal of Nutrition Vol. 129, No. 3 ( 2023-02-14), p. 416-427
    Details
    In: British Journal of Nutrition, Cambridge University Press (CUP), Vol. 129, No. 3 ( 2023-02-14), p. 416-427
    Abstract: Despite several efforts by the Government of India, the national burden of anaemia remains high and its growing prevalence (between 2015–2016 and 2019–2021) is concerning to India’s public health system. This article reviews existing food-based and clinical strategies to mitigate the anaemia burden and why they are premature and insufficient. In a context where multiple anaemia control programmes are in play, this article proposes a threefold strategy for consideration. First, except the Comprehensive National Nutrition Survey, 2016–2018, which measured Hb concentration among children and adolescents aged 1–19 years using venous blood samples, all national surveys use capillary blood samples to determine Hb levels, which could be erroneous. The Indian government should prioritise conducting a nationwide survey for estimating the burden of anaemia and its clinical determinants for all age groups using venous blood samples. Second, without deciding the appropriate dose of Fe needed for an individual, food fortification programmes that are often compounded with layering of other micronutrients could be harmful and further research on this issue is needed. Same is true for the pharmacological intervention of Fe tablet or syrup supplementation programmes, which is given to individuals without assessing its need. In addition, there is a dire need for robust research to understand both the long-term benefit and side effects of Fe supplementation programmes. Third and final, the WHO is in process of reviewing the Hb threshold for defining anaemia, therefore the introduction of new anaemia control programmes should be restrained.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0007-1145 , 1475-2662
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1017/S0007114522000927
    Language: English
    Publisher: Cambridge University Press (CUP)
    Publication Date: 2023
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2016047-1
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  • 5
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    Tipping the scale: the role of a national nutritional supplementation programme for pregnant mothers in reducing low birth weight and neonatal mortality in India
    Cambridge University Press (CUP) ; 2022
    In:  British Journal of Nutrition Vol. 127, No. 2 ( 2022-01-28), p. 289-297
    Details
    In: British Journal of Nutrition, Cambridge University Press (CUP), Vol. 127, No. 2 ( 2022-01-28), p. 289-297
    Abstract: With over 1·3 million Anganwadi centres (AWC) (meaning ‘courtyard shelter’), the Indian government runs a nationwide intervention providing nutrition supplement to pregnant mothers to improve the health of their children. Using two successive rounds of the nationally representative cross-sectional National Family Health Survey data (collected during 2005–2006 and 2015–2016) of India, we assessed whether nutrition supplements given to pregnant mothers through AWC were associated with select child health indicators – extremely low birth weight (ELBW), very low birth weight (VLBW), low birth weight (LBW) and neonatal mortality (death during day 0–27) stratified by death during day 0–1, day 2–6 and day 7–27. A total of 148 019 children and 205 593 children were eligible for analysing birth weight and neonatal mortality, respectively. OR with 95% CI, estimated from multivariate logistic regression models, suggest that receipt of nutrition supplements was associated with decreased risk of VLBW (OR: 0·73, 95% CI 0·63, 0·83, P 〈 0·001), LBW (OR: 0·92, 95% CI 0·88, 0·96, P 〈 0·001), but not ELBW (OR: 0·80, 95% CI 0·56, 1·15, P = 0·226). Women who always received nutrition supplements during their pregnancy saw lower risk of death of their neonates (OR: 0·67, 95% CI 0·61, 0·73, P 〈 0·001), including death on day 0–1 (OR: 0·66, 95% CI 0·58, 0·74, P 〈 0·001), day 2–6 (OR: 0·69, 95% CI 0·58, 0·82, P 〈 0·001) and day 7–27 (OR: 0·68, 95% CI 0·53, 0·87, P = 0·002). Therefore, nutritional supplementation to pregnant mothers appears to be helpful in deterring various stages of neonatal mortality, VLBW and LBW, though it might not be effective in mitigating ELBW. Findings were discussed considering possible limitations of the study.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0007-1145 , 1475-2662
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1017/S0007114521000982
    Language: English
    Publisher: Cambridge University Press (CUP)
    Publication Date: 2022
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2016047-1
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  • 6
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    ASSESSING THE UTILIZATION OF MATERNAL AND CHILD HEALTH CARE AMONG MARRIED ADOLESCENT WOMEN: EVIDENCE FROM INDIA
    Cambridge University Press (CUP) ; 2012
    In:  Journal of Biosocial Science Vol. 44, No. 1 ( 2012-01), p. 1-26
    Details
    In: Journal of Biosocial Science, Cambridge University Press (CUP), Vol. 44, No. 1 ( 2012-01), p. 1-26
    Abstract: This study explores the prevalence and factors associated with the utilization of maternal and child health care services among married adolescent women in India using the third round of the National Family Health Survey (2005–06). The findings suggest that the utilization of maternal and child health care services among adolescent women is far from satisfactory in India. A little over 10% of adolescent women utilized antenatal care, about 50% utilized safe delivery services and about 41% of the children of adolescent women received full immunization. Large differences by urban–rural residence, educational attainment, religion, economic status and region were evident. Both gross effect and fixed effect binary logit models yielded statistically significant socioeconomic and demographic factors. Women's education, wealth quintile and region are the most important determinants for the utilization of maternal and child health care services. Health care programmes should focus more on educating adolescents, providing financial support, creating awareness and counselling households with married adolescent women. Moreover, there should be substantial financial assistance for the provision of delivery and child care for married women below the age of 19 years.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0021-9320 , 1469-7599
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1017/S0021932011000472
    Language: English
    Publisher: Cambridge University Press (CUP)
    Publication Date: 2012
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  • 7
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    A life-cycle approach to food and nutrition security in India
    Cambridge University Press (CUP) ; 2015
    In:  Public Health Nutrition Vol. 18, No. 5 ( 2015-04), p. 944-949
    Details
    In: Public Health Nutrition, Cambridge University Press (CUP), Vol. 18, No. 5 ( 2015-04), p. 944-949
    Abstract: India’s poor performance on critical food and nutrition security indicators despite substantial economic prosperity has been widely documented. These failings not only hamper national progress, but also contribute significantly to the global undernourished population, particularly children. While the recently passed National Food Security Act 2013 adopts a life-cycle approach to expand coverage of subsidized food grains to the most vulnerable households and address food security, there remains much to be desired in the legislation. Access to adequate food for 1·24 billion people is a multifaceted problem requiring an interconnected set of policy measures to tackle the various factors affecting food and nutrition security in India. In the present opinion paper, we discuss a fivefold strategy that incorporates a life-cycle approach, spanning reproductive health, bolstering citizen participation in existing national programmes, empowering women, advancing agriculture and better monitoring the Public Distribution System in order to fill the gaps in both access and adequacy of food and nutrition.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1368-9800 , 1475-2727
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1017/S1368980014001037
    Language: English
    Publisher: Cambridge University Press (CUP)
    Publication Date: 2015
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2016337-X
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  • 8
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    DO THE SEX COMPOSITION OF LIVING CHILDREN AND THE DESIRE FOR ADDITIONAL CHILDREN AFFECT FUTURE INTENTION TO USE CONTRACEPTION IN ETHIOPIA?
    Cambridge University Press (CUP) ; 2017
    In:  Journal of Biosocial Science Vol. 49, No. 6 ( 2017-11), p. 757-772
    Details
    In: Journal of Biosocial Science, Cambridge University Press (CUP), Vol. 49, No. 6 ( 2017-11), p. 757-772
    Abstract: Information on future intention to use contraceptives is a potential programme indicator for family planning services. Using three consecutive rounds of Ethiopian Demographic and Health Survey (EDHS) data collected in 2000, 2005 and 2011, this study examined whether the sex composition of living children and future desire for additional children were associated with the intention to use contraceptives among Ethiopian women aged 15–49 years who were not using any method of contraception at the time of the survey. The pooled multivariate binary logistic regression analysis indicated that between 2000 and 2011, the intentions of non-users to use contraceptives in the future increased significantly. Women who had at least one child (with an equal number of boys and girls, more boys than girls or more girls than boys) who did not want any more children, and those who were unsure about their desire for additional children, showed an increased intention to use contraceptives in the future, compared with those with an equal number of boys and girls who expressed a desire for additional children. Women with no children and who did not want children, or those who were unclear about their future desire, showed a lower intention to use contraceptives, compared with women with an equal number of boys and girls who wanted a child in the future.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0021-9320 , 1469-7599
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1017/S0021932016000729
    Language: English
    Publisher: Cambridge University Press (CUP)
    Publication Date: 2017
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2000009-1
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  • 9
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    Economic value of mitigation of plant invaders in a subsistence economy: incorporating labour as a mode of payment
    Cambridge University Press (CUP) ; 2013
    In:  Environment and Development Economics Vol. 18, No. 2 ( 2013-04), p. 225-244
    Details
    In: Environment and Development Economics, Cambridge University Press (CUP), Vol. 18, No. 2 ( 2013-04), p. 225-244
    Abstract: This paper presents the analysis of a choice experiment designed to estimate willingness-to-pay (WTP) to mitigate damages caused by invasive plant species in a rural community of Nepal. In order to address the cash constraints problem in a subsistence economy, two payment attributes, labour contribution and membership fee , were included in the choice sets. The results reveal that rural farmers have significant WTP for forest management activities, in terms of both cash and labour contributions. The results also suggest that rural farmers value their time in this context at a different rate from the current wage rate.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1355-770X , 1469-4395
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1017/S1355770X1200037X
    Language: English
    Publisher: Cambridge University Press (CUP)
    Publication Date: 2013
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 1501045-4
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  • 10
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    Iron-and-folic-acid supplementation among adolescents (aged 10–19 years) in two North Indian States, 2015–2016: a sex-stratified analysis
    Cambridge University Press (CUP) ; 2022
    In:  Public Health Nutrition Vol. 25, No. 3 ( 2022-03), p. 617-622
    Details
    In: Public Health Nutrition, Cambridge University Press (CUP), Vol. 25, No. 3 ( 2022-03), p. 617-622
    Abstract: This study assessed the prevalence and predictors of receiving iron-and-folic-acid (IFA) supplement by male and female adolescents in two north Indian states. Design: The UDAYA (Understanding the lives of adolescents and young adults in Bihar and Uttar Pradesh) survey dataset was used. Conducted during 2015–2016, UDAYA was a state representative cross-sectional survey. To recruit sample, UDAYA adopted a multi-stage systematic sampling method with a household selection probability proportional to size. Weighted bivariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses were deployed. The variance inflation factor was estimated to check the presence of multicollinearity among variables included in regression model. Setting: The state of Bihar and Uttar Pradesh, India. Participants: A total of 10 433 individuals from Bihar and 10 161 individuals from Uttar Pradesh were included, totalling 20 594 individuals (male: 5969, female: 14 625) aged 10–19 years. Results: Overall, 3·6 % (95 % CI: 2·7, 4·7) of males and 4·8 % (95 % CI: 4·0, 5·7) of female adolescents received IFA supplement in preceding 1 year of survey date. Multivariate results indicate that IFA receipt varied with age, and state of residence among males, whereas religion and mother’s education were associated with IFA receipt among females. Irrespective of sex, adolescents living in rural areas had higher odds of receiving IFA supplement than adolescents in urban setting. Conclusions: Low coverage in receiving IFA supplement among adolescents is a serious concern for the success of anaemia reduction programme. While designing interventions for overall increase in IFA distribution, the socio-economic factors influencing IFA receipt must be considered.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1368-9800 , 1475-2727
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1017/S136898002000508X
    Language: English
    Publisher: Cambridge University Press (CUP)
    Publication Date: 2022
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2016337-X
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