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  • 1
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Associations of alcohol and cannabis use with change in posttraumatic stress disorder and depression symptoms over time in recently trauma-exposed individuals
    Cambridge University Press (CUP) ; 2023
    In:  Psychological Medicine
    Details
    In: Psychological Medicine, Cambridge University Press (CUP)
    Abstract: Several hypotheses may explain the association between substance use, posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD), and depression. However, few studies have utilized a large multisite dataset to understand this complex relationship. Our study assessed the relationship between alcohol and cannabis use trajectories and PTSD and depression symptoms across 3 months in recently trauma-exposed civilians. Methods In total, 1618 (1037 female) participants provided self-report data on past 30-day alcohol and cannabis use and PTSD and depression symptoms during their emergency department (baseline) visit. We reassessed participant's substance use and clinical symptoms 2, 8, and 12 weeks posttrauma. Latent class mixture modeling determined alcohol and cannabis use trajectories in the sample. Changes in PTSD and depression symptoms were assessed across alcohol and cannabis use trajectories via a mixed-model repeated-measures analysis of variance. Results Three trajectory classes (low, high, increasing use) provided the best model fit for alcohol and cannabis use. The low alcohol use class exhibited lower PTSD symptoms at baseline than the high use class; the low cannabis use class exhibited lower PTSD and depression symptoms at baseline than the high and increasing use classes; these symptoms greatly increased at week 8 and declined at week 12. Participants who already use alcohol and cannabis exhibited greater PTSD and depression symptoms at baseline that increased at week 8 with a decrease in symptoms at week 12. Conclusions Our findings suggest that alcohol and cannabis use trajectories are associated with the intensity of posttrauma psychopathology. These findings could potentially inform the timing of therapeutic strategies.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0033-2917 , 1469-8978
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1017/S0033291723001642
    RVK:
    XA 10000
    Language: English
    Publisher: Cambridge University Press (CUP)
    Publication Date: 2023
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 1470300-2
    SSG: 5,2
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  • 2
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Diagonal scaling of stiffness matrices in the Galerkin boundary element method
    Cambridge University Press (CUP) ; 2000
    In:  The ANZIAM Journal Vol. 42, No. 1 ( 2000-07), p. 141-150
    Details
    In: The ANZIAM Journal, Cambridge University Press (CUP), Vol. 42, No. 1 ( 2000-07), p. 141-150
    Abstract: A boundary integral equation of the first kind is discretised using Galerkin's method with piecewise-constant trial functions. We show how the condition number of the stiffness matrix depends on the number of degrees of freedom and on the global mesh ratio. We also show that diagonal scaling eliminates the latter dependence. Numerical experiments confirm the theory, and demonstrate that in practical computations involving strong local mesh refinement, diagonal scaling dramatically improves the conditioning of the Galerkin equations.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1446-1811 , 1446-8735
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1017/S1446181100011676
    Language: English
    Publisher: Cambridge University Press (CUP)
    Publication Date: 2000
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2008847-4
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  • 3
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    DIVISION IX / COMMISSION 25 / WORKING GROUP INFRARED ASTRONOMY
    Cambridge University Press (CUP) ; 2008
    In:  Proceedings of the International Astronomical Union Vol. 4, No. T27A ( 2008-12), p. 313-315
    Details
    In: Proceedings of the International Astronomical Union, Cambridge University Press (CUP), Vol. 4, No. T27A ( 2008-12), p. 313-315
    Abstract: As we have noted before, the WG-IR was created following a Joint Commission Meeting at the IAU General Assembly in Baltimore in 1988, a meeting that provided both diagnosis and prescription for the perceived ailments of infrared photometry at the time. The results were summarized in Milone (1989). The challenges involve how to explain the failure to systematically achieve the milli-magnitude precision expected of infrared photometry and an apparent 3% limit on system transformability. The proposed solution was to re-define the broadband Johnson system, the passbands of which had proven so unsatisfactory that over time effectively different systems proliferated although bearing the same JHKLMNQ designations; the new system needed to be better positioned and centered in the atmospheric windows of the Earth's atmosphere, and the variable water vapour content of the atmosphere needed to be measured in real time to better correct for atmospheric extinction.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1743-9213 , 1743-9221
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1017/S1743921308025751
    Language: English
    Publisher: Cambridge University Press (CUP)
    Publication Date: 2008
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2170724-8
    SSG: 16,12
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  • 4
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Risk Factors for Falling among Community-Dwelling Veterans and Their Caregivers
    Cambridge University Press (CUP) ; 2005
    In:  Canadian Journal on Aging / La Revue canadienne du vieillissement Vol. 24, No. 3 ( 2005), p. 261-274
    Details
    In: Canadian Journal on Aging / La Revue canadienne du vieillissement, Cambridge University Press (CUP), Vol. 24, No. 3 ( 2005), p. 261-274
    Abstract: But: Évaluer la prévalence et la corrélation entre les facteurs de risque de chute pour les anciens combattants canadiens de la Deuxième Guerre mondiale et de la guerre de Corée, et leurs fournisseurs de soins. Méthode: Des questionnaires ont été envoyés à 3 000 lieux de résidence d'anciens combattants canadiens (taux de réponse=70 p. 100). Des données ont été recueillies sur les facteurs de risque de chute ainsi que sur la fréquence des chutes et des chutes ayant causé des blessures au cours des douze derniers mois. Résultats: Les anciens combattants avaient davantage de facteurs de risque que leurs fournisseurs de soins, et davantage d'entre eux étaient tombés au cours de la dernière année (39,8 p. 100 par rapport à 29,7 p. 100). Parmi les facteurs de risque du modèle de régression logistique des anciens combattants, on comptait une infirmité aux membres inférieurs (rapport de cotes=1,98; intervalle de confiance à 95 % : 1,5–2,6), une faiblesse aux membres inférieurs (RC 1,75; IC à 95 % : 1,3–2,3), une mémoire inférieure à celle de ses pairs (RC 1,67; IC à 95 % : 1,1–2,5), un rendez-vous ou plus avec un médecin de famille au cours du dernier mois (RC 1,53; IC à 95 % : 1,2–2,0) et une mémoire inférieure à ce qu'elle était il y a cinq ans (RC 1,36; IC à 95 % : 1,0–1,8). Conclusions: Les anciens combattants semblent plus fragiles et plus enclins à faire des chutes que leurs fournisseurs de soins.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0714-9808 , 1710-1107
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1353/cja.2005.0083
    Language: English
    Publisher: Cambridge University Press (CUP)
    Publication Date: 2005
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2166531-X
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  • 5
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Socio-demographic and trauma-related predictors of depression within eight weeks of motor vehicle collision in the AURORA study
    Cambridge University Press (CUP) ; 2022
    In:  Psychological Medicine Vol. 52, No. 10 ( 2022-07), p. 1934-1947
    Details
    In: Psychological Medicine, Cambridge University Press (CUP), Vol. 52, No. 10 ( 2022-07), p. 1934-1947
    Abstract: This is the first report on the association between trauma exposure and depression from the A dvancing U nderstanding of R ec O very afte R traum A (AURORA) multisite longitudinal study of adverse post-traumatic neuropsychiatric sequelae (APNS) among participants seeking emergency department (ED) treatment in the aftermath of a traumatic life experience. Methods We focus on participants presenting at EDs after a motor vehicle collision (MVC), which characterizes most AURORA participants, and examine associations of participant socio-demographics and MVC characteristics with 8-week depression as mediated through peritraumatic symptoms and 2-week depression. Results Eight-week depression prevalence was relatively high (27.8%) and associated with several MVC characteristics (being passenger v. driver; injuries to other people). Peritraumatic distress was associated with 2-week but not 8-week depression. Most of these associations held when controlling for peritraumatic symptoms and, to a lesser degree, depressive symptoms at 2-weeks post-trauma. Conclusions These observations, coupled with substantial variation in the relative strength of the mediating pathways across predictors, raises the possibility of diverse and potentially complex underlying biological and psychological processes that remain to be elucidated in more in-depth analyses of the rich and evolving AURORA database to find new targets for intervention and new tools for risk-based stratification following trauma exposure.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0033-2917 , 1469-8978
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1017/S0033291720003773
    RVK:
    XA 10000
    Language: English
    Publisher: Cambridge University Press (CUP)
    Publication Date: 2022
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 1470300-2
    SSG: 5,2
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  • 6
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Two measures are better than one: combining iconicity ratings and guessing experiments for a more nuanced picture of iconicity in the lexicon
    Cambridge University Press (CUP) ; 2023
    In:  Language and Cognition
    Details
    In: Language and Cognition, Cambridge University Press (CUP)
    Abstract: Iconicity in language is receiving increased attention from many fields, but our understanding of iconicity is only as good as the measures we use to quantify it. We collected iconicity measures for 304 Japanese words from English-speaking participants, using rating and guessing tasks. The words included ideophones (structurally marked depictive words) along with regular lexical items from similar semantic domains (e.g., fuwafuwa ‘fluffy’, jawarakai ‘soft’). The two measures correlated, speaking to their validity. However, ideophones received consistently higher iconicity ratings than other items, even when guessed at the same accuracies, suggesting the rating task is more sensitive to cues like structural markedness that frame words as iconic. These cues did not always guide participants to the meanings of ideophones in the guessing task, but they did make them more confident in their guesses, even when they were wrong. Consistently poor guessing results reflect the role different experiences play in shaping construals of iconicity. Using multiple measures in tandem allows us to explore the interplay between iconicity and these external factors. To facilitate this, we introduce a reproducible workflow for creating rating and guessing tasks from standardised wordlists, while also making improvements to the robustness, sensitivity and discriminability of previous approaches.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1866-9808 , 1866-9859
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1017/langcog.2023.9
    Language: English
    Publisher: Cambridge University Press (CUP)
    Publication Date: 2023
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2499690-7
    SSG: 7,11
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  • 7
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    2.2. The stellar content of the Quintuplet cluster
    Cambridge University Press (CUP) ; 1998
    In:  Symposium - International Astronomical Union Vol. 184 ( 1998), p. 61-62
    Details
    In: Symposium - International Astronomical Union, Cambridge University Press (CUP), Vol. 184 ( 1998), p. 61-62
    Abstract: The Quintuplet cluster contains over two dozen post main sequence descendants of massive O-stars, including Wolf-Rayet and OBI stars. The five Quintuplet-proper members (QPMs) may be dusty late-type Wolf-Rayet carbon stars (DWCLs), and the Pistol star may have a very high luminosity, ≈ 10 6.7±0.5 L⊙. Coupled with its rather cool temperature, 12–23 kK, the Pistol Star is well in violation of the Humphreys–Davidson limit. We argue that the surrounding “Pistol” nebula was ejected from the star a few thousand years ago. The cluster stars imply the following approximate cluster properties: t age ∼ 2 to 7 Myrs, M ∼ 10 4 M⊙, L ∼ 10 7.3±0.2 L⊙, and N Ly,c 〉 10 49.9 s −1 . The “Sickle” (G0.18–0.04) radio feature and the mid-IR ring (seen in MSX images) may naturally be explained by the presence of a young cluster and a nearby molecular cloud.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0074-1809
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1017/S0074180900084011
    Language: English
    Publisher: Cambridge University Press (CUP)
    Publication Date: 1998
    SSG: 16,12
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