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  • 1
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Dye coupling in horizontal cells of developing rabbit retina
    Cambridge University Press (CUP) ; 2000
    In:  Visual Neuroscience Vol. 17, No. 2 ( 2000-03), p. 255-262
    Details
    In: Visual Neuroscience, Cambridge University Press (CUP), Vol. 17, No. 2 ( 2000-03), p. 255-262
    Abstract: In the mature rabbit retina, two classes of horizontal cells, A type and B type, provide lateral inhibition in the outer plexiform layer (OPL) and spatially modify the activation of bipolar cells by photoreceptors. Gap junctions connecting homologous horizontal cells determine the extent to which this inhibitory activity spreads laterally across the OPL. Little is currently known about the expression of gap junctions in horizontal cells during postnatal development or how cell–cell coupling might contribute to subsequent maturational events. We have examined the morphological attributes and coupling properties of developing A and B type horizontal cells in neonatal rabbit retina using intracellular injections of Lucifer Yellow and Neurobiotin. Prelabeling with DAPI permitted the targeting of horizontal cell bodies for intracellular injection in perfused preparations of isolated retina. A and B type horizontal cells were identifiable at birth although their dendritic field sizes had not reached adult proportions and their synaptic contacts in the OPL were minimal. Both cell types exhibited homologous dye coupling at birth. Similar to that seen in the adult, no heterologous coupling was observed, and homologous coupling among A type cells was stronger than that observed among B type cells. The spread of tracer compounds through gap junctions of morphologically immature horizontal cells suggests that ions and other small, bioactive compounds may likewise spread through coupled, horizontal networks to coordinate the subsequent maturational of emerging outer plexiform layer pathways.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0952-5238 , 1469-8714
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1017/S0952523800172074
    RVK:
    WA 15000
    Language: English
    Publisher: Cambridge University Press (CUP)
    Publication Date: 2000
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 1489922-X
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  • 2
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    Dose-response of plasticulture summer squash and triploid watermelon to fomesafen applied pre-transplanting
    Cambridge University Press (CUP) ; 2022
    In:  Weed Technology Vol. 36, No. 6 ( 2022-12), p. 821-830
    Details
    In: Weed Technology, Cambridge University Press (CUP), Vol. 36, No. 6 ( 2022-12), p. 821-830
    Abstract: Dose-response trials to determine the tolerance of summer squash and watermelon to fomesafen applied (over the top of black polyethylene mulch and respective row middles) pre-transplanting were performed between 2020 and 2021 at three Indiana locations: the Meigs Horticulture Research Farm (MEIGS), the Pinney Purdue Agricultural Center (PPAC), and the Southwest Purdue Agricultural Center (SWPAC). Summer squash trials were performed at the MEIGS and PPAC locations, and watermelon trials were performed at the MEIGS and SWPAC locations. The experiments for both summer squash and watermelon had a split-plot arrangement in which the main plot was herbicide rate, and the subplot was cultivar. Summer squash injury included necrotic leaf margin, chlorosis, brown and white spots, and stunting. Fomesafen rates from 262 to 1,048 g ai ha −1 in 2020 at both locations, and from 280 to 1,120 g ai ha −1 in 2021 at MEIGS did not affect summer squash yield. However, in 2021 at PPAC, fomesafen applied at rates from 280 to 1,120 g ha −1 delayed summer squash harvest and decreased marketable yield from 95% to 61% compared with the nontreated control. Watermelon injury included bronzing and stunting. Fomesafen rates from 210 to 840 g ai ha −1 did not affect marketable watermelon yield or fruit number. Crop safety was attributed to rain, which washed off most of the herbicide from the polyethylene mulch before plants were transplanted or little to no rain after transplant. Injury was observed only when there was no rain before transplant followed by excessive rain shortly after transplant. Overall, the 1× rate used for each trial was safe for use 1 d before transplanting summer squash and 6 to 7 d before transplanting watermelon.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0890-037X , 1550-2740
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1017/wet.2022.86
    Language: English
    Publisher: Cambridge University Press (CUP)
    Publication Date: 2022
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2119100-1
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  • 3
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    Online Resource
    Localization of nitric oxide synthase, NADPH diaphorase and soluble guanylyl cyclase in adult rabbit retina
    Cambridge University Press (CUP) ; 1998
    In:  Visual Neuroscience Vol. 15, No. 5 ( 1998-05), p. 881-890
    Details
    In: Visual Neuroscience, Cambridge University Press (CUP), Vol. 15, No. 5 ( 1998-05), p. 881-890
    Abstract: Nitric oxide (NO) acts as a neuronal messenger which activates soluble guanylyl cyclase (SGC) in neighboring cells and produces a wide range of physiological effects in the central nervous system (CNS). Using immunocytochemical and histochemical stains, we have characterized the NO/SGC system in the rabbit retina and to a lesser extent, in monkey retina. Based on staining patterns observed with an antibody to nitric oxide synthase (NOS) type I and a histochemical marker for NADPH diaphorase, a metabolic intermediate required for NOS activity, three major classes of neurons appear to generate NO in the rabbit retina. These include two subclasses of sparsely distributed wide field amacrine cells, rod and cone photoreceptors, and a subpopulation of ganglion cells. Equivalent cell populations were labled in monkey retina. An antibody to SGC (tested only in rabbit retina), labeled large arrays of cone photoreceptors in the outer nuclear layer, both amacrine and bipolar cells in the inner nuclear layer (INL), as well as populations of neurons in the ganglion cell layer. These data suggest that the ability to generate NO is restricted to relatively few neurons in the inner retina and to photoreceptor cells in the outer retina; while presumptive target cells, containing pools of SGC, are widespread and form contiguous fields across the inner and outer nuclear layers (ONL) as well as the ganglion cell layer.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0952-5238 , 1469-8714
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1017/S0952523898155104
    RVK:
    WA 15000
    Language: English
    Publisher: Cambridge University Press (CUP)
    Publication Date: 1998
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 1489922-X
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  • 4
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    Online Resource
    Interference of morningglories ( Ipomoea spp.) with ‘Fascination’ triploid watermelon
    Cambridge University Press (CUP) ; 2022
    In:  Weed Science Vol. 70, No. 4 ( 2022-07), p. 488-494
    Details
    In: Weed Science, Cambridge University Press (CUP), Vol. 70, No. 4 ( 2022-07), p. 488-494
    Abstract: Morningglories ( Ipomoea spp.) are among the most troublesome weeds in cucurbits in the United States; however, little is known about Ipomoea spp. interference with horticultural crops. Two additive design field studies were conducted in 2020 at two locations in Indiana to investigate the interference of ivyleaf morningglory ( Ipomoea hederacea Jacq.), entireleaf morningglory ( Ipomoea hederacea Jacq. var. integriuscula A. Gray.), and pitted morningglory ( Ipomoea lacunosa L.) with triploid watermelon [ Citrullus lanatus (Thunb.) Matsum. & Nakai]. Immediately after watermelon was transplanted, Ipomoea spp. seedlings were transplanted into the watermelon planting holes at densities of 0 (weed-free control), 3, 6, 12, 18, and 24 plants 27 m −2 . Fruit was harvested once a week for 4 wk, and each fruit was classified as marketable (≥4 kg) or non-marketable ( 〈 4 kg). At 1 wk after the final harvest, aboveground biomass samples were collected from 1 m 2 per plot and oven-dried to obtain watermelon and Ipomoea spp. dry weight. Seed capsules and the number of seeds in 15 capsules were counted from the biomass sample to estimate seed production. Ipomoea spp. densities increasing from 3 to 24 plants 27 m −2 increased marketable watermelon yield loss from 58% to 99%, reduced marketable watermelon fruit number 49% to 98%, reduced individual watermelon fruit weight 17% to 45%, and reduced watermelon aboveground biomass 83% to 94%. Ipomoea spp. seed production ranged from 549 to 7,746 seeds m −2 , greatly increasing the weed seedbank. Ipomoea spp. hindered harvest due to their vines wrapping around watermelon fruits. The most likely reason for watermelon yield loss was interference with light and consequently less dry matter being partitioned into fruit development due to less photosynthesis. Yield loss was attributed to fewer fruits and the weight of each fruit.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0043-1745 , 1550-2759
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1017/wsc.2022.35
    Language: English
    Publisher: Cambridge University Press (CUP)
    Publication Date: 2022
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2123881-9
    SSG: 12
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  • 5
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    Online Resource
    Dose-response of two Jack O’Lantern pumpkin cultivars to fomesafen applied preemergence
    Cambridge University Press (CUP) ; 2022
    In:  Weed Technology Vol. 36, No. 4 ( 2022-08), p. 537-543
    Details
    In: Weed Technology, Cambridge University Press (CUP), Vol. 36, No. 4 ( 2022-08), p. 537-543
    Abstract: Three dose-response trials were performed in 2020 and 2021 to determine the tolerance of two Jack O’Lantern pumpkin cultivars to fomesafen applied preemergence at two Indiana locations: the Southwest Purdue Agricultural Center (SWPAC) and the Pinney Purdue Agricultural Center (PPAC). The experiment was a split-plot arrangement in which the main plot was the fomesafen rate of application (0, 280, 560, 840, and 1,220 g ai ha –1 ), and the subplot was the pumpkin cultivar (‘Bayhorse Gold’ and ‘Carbonado Gold’). As the fomesafen rate increased from 280 to 1,120 g ha –1 , the predicted pumpkin emergence decreased from 85% to 25% of the nontreated control at SWPAC-2020, but only from 99% to 74% at both locations in 2021. The severe impact on emergence at SWPAC-2020 was attributed to rainfall. Visible injury included bleaching and chlorosis due to the herbicide splashing from the soil surface onto the leaves and included stunting, but injury was transient. As the fomesafen rate increased from 280 to 1,120 g ha –1 , the predicted marketable orange pumpkin yield decreased from 95% to 24% of the nontreated control at SWPAC-2020 and 98% to 74% at PPAC-2021. Similarly, the predicted marketable orange pumpkin fruit number decreased from 94% to 21% at SWPAC-2020 and 98% to 74% at PPAC-2021. Fomesafen rate did not affect marketable orange pumpkin yield and fruit number at SWPAC-2021 and marketable orange pumpkin fruit weight at any location-year. Overall, the fomesafen rate of 280 g ha –1 was safe for use preemergence in the pumpkin cultivars ‘Bayhorse Gold’ and ‘Carbonado Gold’ within one day after planting, but there is a risk of increased crop injury with increasing rainfall.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0890-037X , 1550-2740
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1017/wet.2022.49
    Language: English
    Publisher: Cambridge University Press (CUP)
    Publication Date: 2022
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2119100-1
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  • 6
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    Online Resource
    The case for strategic international alliances to harness nutritional genomics for public and personal health
    Cambridge University Press (CUP) ; 2005
    In:  British Journal of Nutrition Vol. 94, No. 5 ( 2005-11), p. 623-632
    Details
    In: British Journal of Nutrition, Cambridge University Press (CUP), Vol. 94, No. 5 ( 2005-11), p. 623-632
    Abstract: Nutrigenomics is the study of how constituents of the diet interact with genes, and their products, to alter phenotype and, conversely, how genes and their products metabolise these constituents into nutrients, antinutrients, and bioactive compounds. Results from molecular and genetic epidemiological studies indicate that dietary unbalance can alter gene–nutrient interactions in ways that increase the risk of developing chronic disease. The interplay of human genetic variation and environmental factors will make identifying causative genes and nutrients a formidable, but not intractable, challenge. We provide specific recommendations for how to best meet this challenge and discuss the need for new methodologies and the use of comprehensive analyses of nutrient–genotype interactions involving large and diverse populations. The objective of the present paper is to stimulate discourse and collaboration among nutrigenomic researchers and stakeholders, a process that will lead to an increase in global health and wellness by reducing health disparities in developed and developing countries.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0007-1145 , 1475-2662
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1079/BJN20051585
    Language: English
    Publisher: Cambridge University Press (CUP)
    Publication Date: 2005
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2016047-1
    SSG: 12
    SSG: 21
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  • 7
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    Summary of the Snowmastodon Project Special Volume A high-elevation, multi-proxy biotic and environmental record of MIS 6–4 from the Ziegler Reservoir fossil site, Snowmass Village, Colorado, USA
    Cambridge University Press (CUP) ; 2014
    In:  Quaternary Research Vol. 82, No. 3 ( 2014-11), p. 618-634
    Details
    In: Quaternary Research, Cambridge University Press (CUP), Vol. 82, No. 3 ( 2014-11), p. 618-634
    Abstract: In North America, terrestrial records of biodiversity and climate change that span Marine Oxygen Isotope Stage (MIS) 5 are rare. Where found, they provide insight into how the coupling of the ocean–atmosphere system is manifested in biotic and environmental records and how the biosphere responds to climate change. In 2010–2011, construction at Ziegler Reservoir near Snowmass Village, Colorado (USA) revealed a nearly continuous, lacustrine/wetland sedimentary sequence that preserved evidence of past plant communities between ~140 and 55 ka, including all of MIS 5. At an elevation of 2705 m, the Ziegler Reservoir fossil site also contained thousands of well-preserved bones of late Pleistocene megafauna, including mastodons, mammoths, ground sloths, horses, camels, deer, bison, black bear, coyotes, and bighorn sheep. In addition, the site contained more than 26,000 bones from at least 30 species of small animals including salamanders, otters, muskrats, minks, rabbits, beavers, frogs, lizards, snakes, fish, and birds. The combination of macro- and micro-vertebrates, invertebrates, terrestrial and aquatic plant macrofossils, a detailed pollen record, and a robust, directly dated stratigraphic framework shows that high-elevation ecosystems in the Rocky Mountains of Colorado are climatically sensitive and varied dramatically throughout MIS 5.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0033-5894 , 1096-0287
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1016/j.yqres.2014.07.004
    RVK:
    RA 1000
    Language: English
    Publisher: Cambridge University Press (CUP)
    Publication Date: 2014
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 1471589-2
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 205711-6
    SSG: 13
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  • 8
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    Cardiovascular health and cognitive functioning among centenarians: a comparison between the Tokyo and Georgia centenarian studies
    Cambridge University Press (CUP) ; 2019
    In:  International Psychogeriatrics Vol. 31, No. 04 ( 2019-04), p. 455-465
    Details
    In: International Psychogeriatrics, Cambridge University Press (CUP), Vol. 31, No. 04 ( 2019-04), p. 455-465
    Abstract: Centenarians have survived into very late life, but whether they reach very old age in good health remains unclear. The purpose of this study was to compare the cardiovascular health status and cognitive functioning of centenarians in the United States with centenarians in Japan. Design, Setting, and Participants: This cross-national design compared centenarians from the United States and Japan. The sample of U.S. centenarians was recruited from the Georgia Centenarian Study and included 287 centenarians. The sample of Japanese centenarians was recruited from the Tokyo Centenarian Study and included 304 centenarians. Measurements: Cognitive functioning was assessed with a mental status questionnaire, and cardiovascular disease by a health history assessment, blood pressure, and selected blood parameters. Results: The results suggest that Tokyo centenarians had lower disease experiences and BMI values, when compared to Georgia centenarians, but blood pressure was higher among Japanese centenarians. Lower levels of hemoglobin in Japanese centenarians and higher levels of C-reactive protein in Georgia were also found. The positive association of hypertension and albumin levels with cognitive functioning and the negative association of stroke occurrence with cognitive functioning were replicated in both countries. Differential effects were obtained for heart problems, BMI, and C-reactive protein (with positive effects for Tokyo centenarians, except for C-reactive protein). Conclusion: For extremely old individuals, some markers of cardiovascular disease are replicable across countries, whereas differential effects for cardiovascular health also need to be considered in cardiovascular health.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1041-6102 , 1741-203X
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1017/S1041610218001813
    Language: English
    Publisher: Cambridge University Press (CUP)
    Publication Date: 2019
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2147136-8
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  • 9
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    U.S. Grower Views on Problematic Weeds and Changes in Weed Pressure in Glyphosate-Resistant Corn, Cotton, and Soybean Cropping Systems
    Cambridge University Press (CUP) ; 2009
    In:  Weed Technology Vol. 23, No. 1 ( 2009-03), p. 162-166
    Details
    In: Weed Technology, Cambridge University Press (CUP), Vol. 23, No. 1 ( 2009-03), p. 162-166
    Abstract: Corn and soybean growers in Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Mississippi, Nebraska, and North Carolina, as well as cotton growers in Mississippi and North Carolina, were surveyed about their views on changes in problematic weeds and weed pressure in cropping systems based on a glyphosate-resistant (GR) crop. No growers using a GR cropping system for more than 5 yr reported heavy weed pressure. Over all cropping systems investigated (continuous GR soybean, continuous GR cotton, GR corn/GR soybean, GR soybean/non-GR crop, and GR corn/non-GR crop), 0 to 7% of survey respondents reported greater weed pressure after implementing rotations using GR crops, whereas 31 to 57% felt weed pressure was similar and 36 to 70% indicated that weed pressure was less. Pigweed, morningglory, johnsongrass, ragweed, foxtail, and velvetleaf were mentioned as their most problematic weeds, depending on the state and cropping system. Systems using GR crops improved weed management compared with the technologies used before the adoption of GR crops. However, the long-term success of managing problematic weeds in GR cropping systems will require the development of multifaceted integrated weed management programs that include glyphosate as well as other weed management tactics.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0890-037X , 1550-2740
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1614/WT-08-040.1
    Language: English
    Publisher: Cambridge University Press (CUP)
    Publication Date: 2009
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2119100-1
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  • 10
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    Management of Outbreaks of Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus Infection in the Neonatal Intensive Care Unit: A Consensus Statement
    Cambridge University Press (CUP) ; 2006
    In:  Infection Control & Hospital Epidemiology Vol. 27, No. 2 ( 2006-02), p. 139-145
    Details
    In: Infection Control & Hospital Epidemiology, Cambridge University Press (CUP), Vol. 27, No. 2 ( 2006-02), p. 139-145
    Abstract: In 2002, the Chicago Department of Public Health (CDPH; Chicago, Illinois) convened the Chicago-Area Neonatal MRSA Working Group (CANMWG) to discuss and compare approaches aimed at control of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) in neonatal intensive care units (NICUs). To better understand these issues on a regional level, the CDPH and the Evanston Department of Health and Human Services (EDHHS; Evanston, Illinois) began an investigation. Design. Survey to collect demographic, clinical, microbiologic, and epidemiologic data on individual cases and clusters of MRSA infection; an additional survey collected data on infection control practices. Setting. Level III NICUs at Chicago-area hospitals. Participants. Neonates and healthcare workers associated with the level III NICUs. Methods. From June 2001 through September 2002, the participating hospitals reported all clusters of MRSA infection in their respective level III NICUs to the CDPH and the EDHHS. Results. Thirteen clusters of MRSA infection were detected in level III NICUs, and 149 MRSA-positive infants were reported. Infection control surveys showed that hospitals took different approaches for controlling MRSA colonization and infection in NICUs. Conclusion. The CANMWG developed recommendations for the prevention and control of MRSA colonization and infection in the NICU and agreed that recommendations should expand to include future data generated by further studies. Continuing partnerships between hospital infection control personnel and public health professionals will be crucial in honing appropriate guidelines for effective approaches to the management and control of MRSA colonization and infection in NICUs.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0899-823X , 1559-6834
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1086/501216
    Language: English
    Publisher: Cambridge University Press (CUP)
    Publication Date: 2006
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2106319-9
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