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  • Cambridge University Press (CUP)  (6)
  • 1
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Cognitive but Not Affective Theory of Mind Deficits in Progressive MS
    Cambridge University Press (CUP) ; 2019
    In:  Journal of the International Neuropsychological Society Vol. 25, No. 08 ( 2019-09), p. 896-900
    Details
    In: Journal of the International Neuropsychological Society, Cambridge University Press (CUP), Vol. 25, No. 08 ( 2019-09), p. 896-900
    Abstract: Social cognitive deficits are an important consequence of multiple sclerosis (MS), yet our understanding of how these deficits manifest in progressive MS is currently limited. To this end, we examined theory of mind (ToM) ability in a sample of individuals with progressive MS using an ecologically valid virtual assessment tool that allows for delineation of cognitive ToM (inferring thoughts and intentions of others) from affective ToM (inferring emotions of others). Methods & amp; Results: We compared 15 individuals with progressive MS and 15 healthy controls on their ToM ability using the Virtual Assessment of Mentalising Ability. We found that, relative to healthy controls, participants with progressive MS were impaired in cognitive ToM, but not in affective ToM. Furthermore, we found that the MS participants’ deficits in cognitive ToM were mediated by their general cognitive ability such that poor cognitive ToM ability in MS was explained by poor performance on tests of memory and processing speed. Conclusions: Our findings demonstrate that ToM deficits in progressive MS may be limited to cognitive ToM, while affective ToM is conserved. This could be attributable to the MS-related deficits in general cognitive ability, which appear to negatively affect only the cognitive component of ToM.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1355-6177 , 1469-7661
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1017/S1355617719000584
    Language: English
    Publisher: Cambridge University Press (CUP)
    Publication Date: 2019
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2000018-2
    SSG: 5,2
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  • 2
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Examination of processing speed deficits in multiple sclerosis using functional magnetic resonance imaging
    Cambridge University Press (CUP) ; 2009
    In:  Journal of the International Neuropsychological Society Vol. 15, No. 3 ( 2009-05), p. 383-393
    Details
    In: Journal of the International Neuropsychological Society, Cambridge University Press (CUP), Vol. 15, No. 3 ( 2009-05), p. 383-393
    Abstract: Although it is known that processing speed deficits are one of the primary cognitive impairments in multiple sclerosis (MS), the underlying neural mechanisms responsible for impaired processing speed remain undetermined. Using BOLD functional magnetic resonance imaging, the current study compared the brain activity of 16 individuals with MS to 17 healthy controls (HCs) during performance of a processing speed task, a modified version of the Symbol Digit Modalities Task. Although there were no differences in performance accuracy, the MS group was significantly slower than HCs. Although both groups showed similar activation involving the precentral gyrus and occipital cortex, the MS showed significantly less cerebral activity than HCs in bilateral frontal and parietal regions, similar to what has been reported in aging samples during speeded tasks. In the HC group, processing speed was mediated by frontal and parietal regions, as well as the cerebellum and thalamus. In the MS group, processing speed was mediated by insula, thalamus and anterior cingulate. It therefore appears that neural networks involved in processing speed differ between MS and HCs, and our findings are similar to what has been reported in aging, where damage to both white and gray matter is linked to processing speed impairments ( JINS , 2009, 15 , 383–393).
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1355-6177 , 1469-7661
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1017/S1355617709090535
    Language: English
    Publisher: Cambridge University Press (CUP)
    Publication Date: 2009
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2000018-2
    SSG: 5,2
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  • 3
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Community Integration in Traumatic Brain Injury: The Contributing Factor of Affect Recognition Deficits
    Cambridge University Press (CUP) ; 2019
    In:  Journal of the International Neuropsychological Society Vol. 25, No. 08 ( 2019-09), p. 890-895
    Details
    In: Journal of the International Neuropsychological Society, Cambridge University Press (CUP), Vol. 25, No. 08 ( 2019-09), p. 890-895
    Abstract: Objective: Individuals with traumatic brain injury (TBI) can experience social isolation, which is damaging to well-being and counterproductive to successful rehabilitation. It has been proposed that social cognitive deficits that commonly result from TBI may contribute to weakened social integration. However, the consequences of specific social cognitive deficits in TBI are still being delineated. The current work sought to better characterize the relationship between community integration and facial affect recognition (FAR) in TBI. Participants and Methods: A total of 27 participants with moderate to severe TBI and 30 healthy controls (HCs) completed two tests of FAR, which employed either static photographic stimuli or dynamic video stimuli (The Awareness of Social Inference Test). The Community Integration Questionnaire was also administered to participants. Results: Participants with TBI were significantly impaired on both the static and dynamic FAR measures, yet the deficits were most pronounced within the dynamic task. Furthermore, participants with TBI reported lower community integration compared with HCs. FAR was positively associated with community integration in both groups, such that participants with proficient affect recognition skills were better integrated into their communities. Conclusions: FAR deficits may contribute to the lack of community integration often observed in TBI; thus, interventions designed to improve FAR may be beneficial to this population’s ability to successfully reintegrate into society.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1355-6177 , 1469-7661
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1017/S1355617719000559
    Language: English
    Publisher: Cambridge University Press (CUP)
    Publication Date: 2019
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2000018-2
    SSG: 5,2
    Location Call Number Limitation Availability
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  • 4
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Social Cognition in Individuals with Progressive Multiple Sclerosis: A Pilot Study Using TASIT-S
    Cambridge University Press (CUP) ; 2020
    In:  Journal of the International Neuropsychological Society Vol. 26, No. 5 ( 2020-05), p. 539-544
    Details
    In: Journal of the International Neuropsychological Society, Cambridge University Press (CUP), Vol. 26, No. 5 ( 2020-05), p. 539-544
    Abstract: Individuals with multiple sclerosis (MS) can have difficulty on tasks requiring social cognition, including Theory of Mind (ToM) and facial affect recognition. However, most research on social cognition in MS has focused on Relapsing–Remitting MS; less is known about deficits in individuals with progressive MS. This pilot study examined the social cognitive abilities of individuals with progressive MS on a dynamic social cognition task: The Awareness of Social Inference Test – Short Form (TASIT-S). Methods: Fifteen individuals with progressive MS and 17 healthy controls performed TASIT-S, which includes 3 subtests assessing facial affect recognition and ToM. Results: The MS group was impaired on all subtests of TASIT-S, including Emotion Evaluation, Social Inference – Minimal, and Social Inference – Enriched, which examine facial affect recognition and ToM. Deficits on TASIT-S were significantly correlated with several cognitive abilities including working memory, learning memory, and verbal IQ. Conclusions: Our findings suggest individuals with progressive MS were impaired across multiple social cognition domains as assessed by the TASIT-S. Furthermore, social cognitive abilities were related to cognitive abilities such as visuospatial memory and executive abilities. Results are discussed in terms of social cognition deficits in MS and how they relate to cognitive abilities.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1355-6177 , 1469-7661
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1017/S1355617719001371
    Language: English
    Publisher: Cambridge University Press (CUP)
    Publication Date: 2020
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2000018-2
    SSG: 5,2
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  • 5
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Dynamic Assessment of Social Cognition in Individuals with Multiple Sclerosis: A Pilot Study
    Cambridge University Press (CUP) ; 2016
    In:  Journal of the International Neuropsychological Society Vol. 22, No. 1 ( 2016-01), p. 83-88
    Details
    In: Journal of the International Neuropsychological Society, Cambridge University Press (CUP), Vol. 22, No. 1 ( 2016-01), p. 83-88
    Abstract: It has recently been reported that individuals with multiple sclerosis (MS) are impaired on tasks requiring emotional processing and social cognition, including tasks of Theory of Mind (ToM) and facial affect recognition. The current pilot study examined the ability of individuals with MS to understand and interpret lies and sarcasm using a dynamic task: The Awareness of Social Inference Test (TASIT). Fifteen individuals with MS and 15 healthy controls (HCs) performed the Social Inference-Enriched subtest of the TASIT, in which they viewed video-taped social interactions in which lies and sarcasm are presented. Additionally, tests of cognition were also administered to better understand the relationship between specific cognitive abilities and the ability to understand lies and sarcasm. The MS group showed impairments in the ability to interpret and understand lies and sarcasm relative to HCs. These impairments were correlated with several cognitive abilities including processing speed, working memory, learning and memory, and premorbid IQ. The results indicate that the TASIT is a sensitive measure of social cognition in individuals with MS. Furthermore, performance on the TASIT was related to cognitive abilities. Results are discussed in terms of social cognition deficits in MS and how they relate to cognitive abilities. ( JINS , 2016, 22 , 83–88)
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1355-6177 , 1469-7661
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1017/S1355617715001137
    Language: English
    Publisher: Cambridge University Press (CUP)
    Publication Date: 2016
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2000018-2
    SSG: 5,2
    Location Call Number Limitation Availability
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  • 6
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Neural Correlates of Cognitive Fatigue: Cortico-Striatal Circuitry and Effort–Reward Imbalance
    Cambridge University Press (CUP) ; 2013
    In:  Journal of the International Neuropsychological Society Vol. 19, No. 8 ( 2013-09), p. 849-853
    Details
    In: Journal of the International Neuropsychological Society, Cambridge University Press (CUP), Vol. 19, No. 8 ( 2013-09), p. 849-853
    Abstract: Recently, there has been renewed interest in the study of cognitive fatigue. It is known that fatigue is one of the most disabling symptoms in numerous neurological populations, including stroke, multiple sclerosis, Parkinson's disease, and traumatic brain injury. Behavioral studies of cognitive fatigue are hampered by lack of correlation of self-report measures with objective performance. Neuroimaging studies provide new insight about cognitive fatigue and its neural correlates. Impairment within the cortico-striatal network, involved in effort–reward calculation, has been suggested to be critically related to fatigue. The current review surveys the recent neuroimaging literature, and suggests promising avenues for future research. ( JINS , 2013, 19 , 1–5)
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1355-6177 , 1469-7661
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1017/S1355617713000684
    Language: English
    Publisher: Cambridge University Press (CUP)
    Publication Date: 2013
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2000018-2
    SSG: 5,2
    Location Call Number Limitation Availability
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