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  • Cambridge University Press (CUP)  (6)
  • 1
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Epidemiology of Staphylococcus aureus in patients with cystic fibrosis
    Cambridge University Press (CUP) ; 1994
    In:  Epidemiology and Infection Vol. 112, No. 3 ( 1994-06), p. 489-500
    Details
    In: Epidemiology and Infection, Cambridge University Press (CUP), Vol. 112, No. 3 ( 1994-06), p. 489-500
    Abstract: Seven hundred and thirty-four isolates of Staphylococcus aureus , recovered from the sputum of 238 cystic fibrosis patients in six French hospitals, were characterized by esterase electrophoretic typing, capsular polysaccharide serotyping and phage typing and tested against 14 antibiotics for sensitivity. Thirty-four esterase electrophoretic types were found with a genotypic diversity coefficient of 0·91. Five hundred and forty-eight (78·7%) isolates produced capsular polysaccharide and 350 (50·3%) were type 8. Four hundred and sixty isolates (66·6%) were phage typable and 202 (28·2%) were lysed by group III bacteriophages. No esterase electrophoretic type, capsular type or phage type was specific to cystic fibrosis. Isolates belonged to a wide range of types, similar to strains acquired outside hospitals. Eighty-five patients had three or more consecutive isolates over at least 6 months. The ability of S. aureus to persist for long periods of time has been demonstrated in 73% of them. Methicillin-resistance was encountered among 73 strains (9·8%) which were also multiresistant. Two hundred and eighty-nine (39·9%) strains were sensitive to all antibiotics tested except to penicillin. Pristinamycin and co-trimoxazole were the most effective antibiotics. These results could contribute to the elaboration of a rational approach to the prophylaxis and therapy of respiratory staphylococcal infections in cystic fibrosis patients.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0950-2688 , 1469-4409
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1017/S0950268800051190
    RVK:
    XA 41125
    Language: English
    Publisher: Cambridge University Press (CUP)
    Publication Date: 1994
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 1470211-3
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  • 2
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Role of Safety-Engineered Devices in Preventing Needlestick Injuries in 32 French Hospitals
    Cambridge University Press (CUP) ; 2007
    In:  Infection Control & Hospital Epidemiology Vol. 28, No. 1 ( 2007-01), p. 18-23
    Details
    In: Infection Control & Hospital Epidemiology, Cambridge University Press (CUP), Vol. 28, No. 1 ( 2007-01), p. 18-23
    Abstract: To evaluate safety-engineered devices (SEDs) with respect to their effectiveness in preventing needlestick injuries (NSIs) in healthcare settings and their importance among other preventive measures. Design. Multicenter prospective survey with a 1-year follow-up period during which all incident NSIs and their circumstances were reported. Data were prospectively collected during a 12-month period from April 1999 through March 2000. The procedures for which the risk of NSI was high were also reported 1 week per quarter to estimate procedure-specific NSI rates. Device types were documented. Because SEDs were not in use when a similar survey was conducted in 1990, their impact was also evaluated by comparing findings from the recent and previous surveys. Setting. A total of 102 medical units from 32 hospitals in France. Participants. A total of 1,506 nurses in medical or intensive care units. Results. A total of 110 NSIs occurring during at-risk procedures performed by nurses were documented. According to data from the 2000 survey, use of SEDs during phlebotomy procedures was associated with a 74% lower risk ( P 〈 .01 ). The mean NSI rate for all relevant nursing procedures was estimated to be 4.72 cases per 100,000 procedures, for a 75% decrease since 1990 ( P 〈 .01); however, the decrease in NSI rates varied considerably according to procedure type. Between 1990 and 2000, decreases in the NSI rates for each procedure were strongly correlated with increases in the frequency of SED use ( r = 0.88; P 〈 .02). Conclusion. In this French hospital network, the use of SEDs was associated with a significantly lower NSI rate and was probably the most important preventive factor.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0899-823X , 1559-6834
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1086/510814
    Language: English
    Publisher: Cambridge University Press (CUP)
    Publication Date: 2007
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2106319-9
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  • 3
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Outbreak of Colonization and Infection With Vancomycin-Resistant Enterococcus faecium in a French University Hospital
    Cambridge University Press (CUP) ; 2006
    In:  Infection Control & Hospital Epidemiology Vol. 27, No. 9 ( 2006-09), p. 984-986
    Details
    In: Infection Control & Hospital Epidemiology, Cambridge University Press (CUP), Vol. 27, No. 9 ( 2006-09), p. 984-986
    Abstract: An outbreak of infection with vancomycin-resistant Enterococcus faecium occurred at Hôtel-Dieu Hospital (Clermont-Ferrand, France). A case-control study was performed in the infectious diseases and hematology units of the hospital. Urinary catheter use (odds ratio [OR], 12 [95% confidence interval {CI}, 1.5-90] ; P 〈 .02), prior exposure to a third-generation cephalosporin (OR, 22 [95% CI, 3-152]; P = .002), and prior exposure to antianaerobials (OR, 11 [95% CI, 1.5-88]; P 〈 .02) were independently predictive of vancomycin-resistant Enterococcus faecium carriage.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0899-823X , 1559-6834
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1086/504932
    Language: English
    Publisher: Cambridge University Press (CUP)
    Publication Date: 2006
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2106319-9
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  • 4
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Risk factors for the occurrence of sporadic Salmonella enterica serotype enteritidis infections in children in France: a national case-control study
    Cambridge University Press (CUP) ; 1998
    In:  Epidemiology and Infection Vol. 121, No. 3 ( 1998-12), p. 561-567
    Details
    In: Epidemiology and Infection, Cambridge University Press (CUP), Vol. 121, No. 3 ( 1998-12), p. 561-567
    Abstract: To determine risk factors associated with the occurrence of sporadic cases of Salmonella enteritidis infections among children in France, we conducted a matched case-control study. Cases were identified between 1 March and 30 September 1995. One hundred and five pairs of cases and controls matched for age and place of residence were interviewed. In the 1–5 years age group, illness was associated with the consumption of raw eggs or undercooked egg- containing foods (OR 2·4, 95% CI 1·2–4·8). Storing eggs more than 2 weeks after purchase was associated with Salmonella enteritidis infection (OR 3·8, 95% CI 1·4–10·2), particularly during the summer period (OR 6·0, 95% CI 1·3–26·8). Cases were more likely to report a case of diarrhoea in the household 10·3 days before the onset of symptoms, particularly in the age group [les ] 1 year ( P =0·01). This study confirms the link between eggs and the occurrence of sporadic cases of Salmonella enteritidis among children, highlights the potential role of prolonged egg storage and underlines the role of person-to-person transmission in infants.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0950-2688 , 1469-4409
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1017/S0950268898001460
    RVK:
    XA 41125
    Language: English
    Publisher: Cambridge University Press (CUP)
    Publication Date: 1998
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 1470211-3
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  • 5
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Trends in antimicrobial resistance phenotypes in non-typhoid Salmonellae from human and poultry origins in France
    Cambridge University Press (CUP) ; 2006
    In:  Epidemiology and Infection Vol. 134, No. 1 ( 2006-02), p. 171-178
    Details
    In: Epidemiology and Infection, Cambridge University Press (CUP), Vol. 134, No. 1 ( 2006-02), p. 171-178
    Abstract: A total of 1873 strains from human origin and 4283 strains from non-human origin of Salmonella enterica serotypes Typhimurium, Enteritidis, Heidelberg, Hadar and Virchow, collected over three years 1993, 1997 and 2000, were examined in order to determine the rate of antimicrobial resistance to 12 antimicrobial drugs. The objective of the study was to describe and to compare the evolution of the main resistance types in human and non-human isolates, focusing on the poultry sector. The evolution and the rates of antimicrobial resistances for the five serotypes, with the exception of Virchow, were almost comparable in strains isolated from human and non-human sources over the period studied. The most striking result concerning single resistance was the spectacular increase of the resistance frequency to nalidixic acid for the strains belonging to serotypes Hadar and Virchow, especially in the poultry food sector (14% in 1993 vs . 72% in 2000 for Salmonella Virchow, 4% in 1993 vs . 70% in 2000 for Salmonella Hadar) and also in human isolates (24% in 1997 vs . 48% in 2000 for S . Virchow, 31% in 1997 vs . 78% in 2000 for S . Hadar). In addition to the classical resistance to ampicillin, streptomycin, sulphonamide, chloramphenicol and tetracycline (ASSuCT resistance type), which stabilized between 1997 and 2000, the emergence of a new resistance type was observed.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0950-2688 , 1469-4409
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1017/S0950268805004863
    RVK:
    XA 41125
    Language: English
    Publisher: Cambridge University Press (CUP)
    Publication Date: 2006
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 1470211-3
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  • 6
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Haemolytic uraemic syndrome and Shiga toxin-producing Escherichia coli infection in children in France
    Cambridge University Press (CUP) ; 2000
    In:  Epidemiology and Infection Vol. 124, No. 2 ( 2000-04), p. 215-220
    Details
    In: Epidemiology and Infection, Cambridge University Press (CUP), Vol. 124, No. 2 ( 2000-04), p. 215-220
    Abstract: We conducted a study to determine the incidence of haemolytic uraemic syndrome (HUS) in children in France and to assess the role of Shiga-toxin-producing Escherichia coli (STEC) infection in the aetiology of HUS. In collaboration with the Société de Néphrologie Pédiatrique we undertook a retrospective review of all cases of HUS hospitalized from January 1993 to March 1995 and a 1-year prospective study (April 1995–March 1996) of epidemiological and microbiological features of cases of HUS. The polymerase chain reaction (PCR) procedure was used to detect stx , eae , e-hlyA genes directly from case stool samples. Serum samples from cases were examined for antibodies to lipopolysaccharide (LPS) of 26 major STEC serogroups. Two hundred and eighty-six cases were reported. The average incidence per year was 0·7/10 5 children 〈 15 years and 1·8/10 5 children 〈 5 years. During the prospective study, 122/130 cases were examined for evidence of STEC infection using PCR and/or serological assays and 105 (86%) had evidence of STEC infection. Serum antibodies to E. coli O157 LPS were detected in 79 (67%) cases tested. In conclusion, this study showed that STEC infection is an important cause of HUS in children in France, with a high proportion related to the O157 serogroup.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0950-2688 , 1469-4409
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1017/S0950268899003623
    RVK:
    XA 41125
    Language: English
    Publisher: Cambridge University Press (CUP)
    Publication Date: 2000
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 1470211-3
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