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  • 1
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    A replication study of JTC bias, genetic liability for psychosis and delusional ideation
    Cambridge University Press (CUP) ; 2022
    In:  Psychological Medicine Vol. 52, No. 9 ( 2022-07), p. 1777-1783
    Details
    In: Psychological Medicine, Cambridge University Press (CUP), Vol. 52, No. 9 ( 2022-07), p. 1777-1783
    Abstract: This study attempted to replicate whether a bias in probabilistic reasoning, or ‘jumping to conclusions’(JTC) bias is associated with being a sibling of a patient with schizophrenia spectrum disorder; and if so, whether this association is contingent on subthreshold delusional ideation. Methods Data were derived from the EUGEI project, a 25-centre, 15-country effort to study psychosis spectrum disorder. The current analyses included 1261 patients with schizophrenia spectrum disorder, 1282 siblings of patients and 1525 healthy comparison subjects, recruited in Spain (five centres), Turkey (three centres) and Serbia (one centre). The beads task was used to assess JTC bias. Lifetime experience of delusional ideation and hallucinatory experiences was assessed using the Community Assessment of Psychic Experiences. General cognitive abilities were taken into account in the analyses. Results JTC bias was positively associated not only with patient status but also with sibling status [adjusted relative risk (aRR) ratio : 4.23 CI 95% 3.46–5.17 for siblings and aRR: 5.07 CI 95% 4.13–6.23 for patients]. The association between JTC bias and sibling status was stronger in those with higher levels of delusional ideation (aRR interaction in siblings: 3.77 CI 95% 1.67–8.51, and in patients: 2.15 CI 95% 0.94–4.92). The association between JTC bias and sibling status was not stronger in those with higher levels of hallucinatory experiences. Conclusions These findings replicate earlier findings that JTC bias is associated with familial liability for psychosis and that this is contingent on the degree of delusional ideation but not hallucinations.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0033-2917 , 1469-8978
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1017/S0033291720003578
    RVK:
    XA 10000
    Language: English
    Publisher: Cambridge University Press (CUP)
    Publication Date: 2022
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 1470300-2
    SSG: 5,2
    Location Call Number Limitation Availability
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  • 2
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Evidence, and replication thereof, that molecular-genetic and environmental risks for psychosis impact through an affective pathway
    Cambridge University Press (CUP) ; 2022
    In:  Psychological Medicine Vol. 52, No. 10 ( 2022-07), p. 1910-1922
    Details
    In: Psychological Medicine, Cambridge University Press (CUP), Vol. 52, No. 10 ( 2022-07), p. 1910-1922
    Abstract: There is evidence that environmental and genetic risk factors for schizophrenia spectrum disorders are transdiagnostic and mediated in part through a generic pathway of affective dysregulation. Methods We analysed to what degree the impact of schizophrenia polygenic risk (PRS-SZ) and childhood adversity (CA) on psychosis outcomes was contingent on co-presence of affective dysregulation, defined as significant depressive symptoms, in (i) NEMESIS-2 ( n = 6646), a representative general population sample, interviewed four times over nine years and (ii) EUGEI ( n = 4068) a sample of patients with schizophrenia spectrum disorder, the siblings of these patients and controls. Results The impact of PRS-SZ on psychosis showed significant dependence on co-presence of affective dysregulation in NEMESIS-2 [relative excess risk due to interaction (RERI): 1.01, p = 0.037] and in EUGEI (RERI = 3.39, p = 0.048). This was particularly evident for delusional ideation (NEMESIS-2: RERI = 1.74, p = 0.003; EUGEI: RERI = 4.16, p = 0.019) and not for hallucinatory experiences (NEMESIS-2: RERI = 0.65, p = 0.284; EUGEI: −0.37, p = 0.547). A similar and stronger pattern of results was evident for CA (RERI delusions and hallucinations: NEMESIS-2: 3.02, p 〈 0.001; EUGEI: 6.44, p 〈 0.001; RERI delusional ideation: NEMESIS-2: 3.79, p 〈 0.001; EUGEI: 5.43, p = 0.001; RERI hallucinatory experiences: NEMESIS-2: 2.46, p 〈 0.001; EUGEI: 0.54, p = 0.465). Conclusions The results, and internal replication, suggest that the effects of known genetic and non-genetic risk factors for psychosis are mediated in part through an affective pathway, from which early states of delusional meaning may arise.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0033-2917 , 1469-8978
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1017/S0033291720003748
    RVK:
    XA 10000
    Language: English
    Publisher: Cambridge University Press (CUP)
    Publication Date: 2022
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 1470300-2
    SSG: 5,2
    Location Call Number Limitation Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Online Resource
  • 3
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Replicated evidence that endophenotypic expression of schizophrenia polygenic risk is greater in healthy siblings of patients compared to controls, suggesting gene–environment interaction. The EUGEI study
    Cambridge University Press (CUP) ; 2020
    In:  Psychological Medicine Vol. 50, No. 11 ( 2020-08), p. 1884-1897
    Details
    In: Psychological Medicine, Cambridge University Press (CUP), Vol. 50, No. 11 ( 2020-08), p. 1884-1897
    Abstract: First-degree relatives of patients with psychotic disorder have higher levels of polygenic risk (PRS) for schizophrenia and higher levels of intermediate phenotypes. Methods We conducted, using two different samples for discovery ( n = 336 controls and 649 siblings of patients with psychotic disorder) and replication ( n = 1208 controls and 1106 siblings), an analysis of association between PRS on the one hand and psychopathological and cognitive intermediate phenotypes of schizophrenia on the other in a sample at average genetic risk (healthy controls) and a sample at higher than average risk (healthy siblings of patients). Two subthreshold psychosis phenotypes, as well as a standardised measure of cognitive ability, based on a short version of the WAIS-III short form, were used. In addition, a measure of jumping to conclusion bias (replication sample only) was tested for association with PRS. Results In both discovery and replication sample, evidence for an association between PRS and subthreshold psychosis phenotypes was observed in the relatives of patients, whereas in the controls no association was observed. Jumping to conclusion bias was similarly only associated with PRS in the sibling group. Cognitive ability was weakly negatively and non-significantly associated with PRS in both the sibling and the control group. Conclusions The degree of endophenotypic expression of schizophrenia polygenic risk depends on having a sibling with psychotic disorder, suggestive of underlying gene–environment interaction. Cognitive biases may better index genetic risk of disorder than traditional measures of neurocognition, which instead may reflect the population distribution of cognitive ability impacting the prognosis of psychotic disorder.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0033-2917 , 1469-8978
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1017/S003329171900196X
    RVK:
    XA 10000
    Language: English
    Publisher: Cambridge University Press (CUP)
    Publication Date: 2020
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 1470300-2
    SSG: 5,2
    Location Call Number Limitation Availability
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    Online Resource
  • 4
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    New parameters and Lebesgue-type estimates in greedy approximation
    Cambridge University Press (CUP) ; 2022
    In:  Forum of Mathematics, Sigma Vol. 10 ( 2022)
    Details
    In: Forum of Mathematics, Sigma, Cambridge University Press (CUP), Vol. 10 ( 2022)
    Abstract: The purpose of this paper is to quantify the size of the Lebesgue constants $(\boldsymbol {L}_m)_{m=1}^{\infty }$ associated with the thresholding greedy algorithm in terms of a new generation of parameters that modulate accurately some features of a general basis. This fine tuning of constants allows us to provide an answer to the question raised by Temlyakov in 2011 to find a natural sequence of greedy-type parameters for arbitrary bases in Banach (or quasi-Banach) spaces which combined linearly with the sequence of unconditionality parameters $(\boldsymbol {k}_m)_{m=1}^{\infty }$ determines the growth of $(\boldsymbol {L}_m)_{m=1}^{\infty }$ . Multiple theoretical applications and computational examples complement our study.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2050-5094
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1017/fms.2022.102
    Language: English
    Publisher: Cambridge University Press (CUP)
    Publication Date: 2022
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2723154-9
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