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  • Cambridge University Press (CUP)  (4)
  • Medicine  (4)
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  • Cambridge University Press (CUP)  (4)
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  • Medicine  (4)
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  • 1
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Cambridge University Press (CUP) ; 2019
    In:  Canadian Journal of Neurological Sciences / Journal Canadien des Sciences Neurologiques Vol. 46, No. 04 ( 2019-07), p. 383-388
    In: Canadian Journal of Neurological Sciences / Journal Canadien des Sciences Neurologiques, Cambridge University Press (CUP), Vol. 46, No. 04 ( 2019-07), p. 383-388
    Abstract: Des hyper-signaux de la substance blanche prédicteurs du déclin cognitif : une étude menée dans une communauté locale. Introduction : Des hyper-signaux de la substance blanche (HSSB) peuvent généralement être observés lors d’examens d’imagerie par résonnance magnétique (IRM) effectués chez des personnes âgées. Plusieurs études ont également montré que les HSSB étaient associés au déclin cognitif et à la démence. Cela dit, le lien pouvant exister entre ces HSSB détectés dans diverses régions cérébrales et le déclin cognitif demeure sujet à débat. Méthodes : Nous avons décidé d’explorer l’association existant entre l’intensité des HSSB et le déclin cognitif chez 115 personnes âgées n’étant pas atteintes de démence (≥50 ans). Ces personnes avaient été recrutées au sein du quartier de Wuliqiao situé dans le grand Shanghai. Signalons que ces examens d’IRM ont été effectués au début de cette étude entre 2009 et 2011. L’intensité des HSSB dans diverses régions cérébrales a été mesurée au moyen des échelles suivantes : la Improved Scheltens Scale et la Cholinergic Pathways Hyperintensities Scale (CHIPS). En ce qui concerne la fonction cognitive, elle a été évaluée à l’aide du test de Folstein (ou mini-mental state examination ) tous les 2 à 4 ans entre 2009 et 2018. Résultats : Une fois la prise en compte d’un certain nombre de facteurs de confusion (l’âge, le sexe, le niveau de scolarité, le tabagisme, la consommation d’alcool, la dépression, l’hypertension, le diabète, l’hyperlipidémie, des accidents ischémiques cérébraux, une atrophie du cerveau, la situation de l’allèle 4 du gène ApoE et le score initial au test de Folstein), il est apparu que des lésions révélées par des hyper-signaux des régions péri-ventriculaire et sous-corticale, de même que des hyper-signaux détectés dans les voies cholinergiques, étaient nettement associés à des résultats en baisse au test de Folstein en cours d’année (p & lt; 0,05). Fait à noter, l’intensité des HSSB de la région péri-ventriculaire a aussi permis de prédire un déclin plus rapide des scores au test de Folstein (- 0,187 points/année, IC 95 % : - 0,349 - 0,026; p = 0,024). Conclusions : L’intensité des HSSB observée au début de cette étude a été associée au fil du temps au déclin cognitif de personnes âgées n’étant pas atteintes de démence. Il est donc possible que des interventions ciblant des lésions révélées par des HSSB puissent offrir certains bienfaits quand il est question de déclin cognitif.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0317-1671 , 2057-0155
    RVK:
    Language: English
    Publisher: Cambridge University Press (CUP)
    Publication Date: 2019
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2577275-2
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  • 2
    In: Psychological Medicine, Cambridge University Press (CUP), Vol. 51, No. 8 ( 2021-06), p. 1310-1319
    Abstract: Losing one's only child is a major traumatic life event that may lead to post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD); however, the underlying mechanisms of its psychological consequences remain poorly understood. Here, we investigated subregional hippocampal functional connectivity (FC) networks based on resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging and the deoxyribonucleic acid methylation of the human glucocorticoid receptor gene ( NR3C1 ) in adults who had lost their only child. Methods A total of 144 Han Chinese adults who had lost their only child (51 adults with PTSD and 93 non-PTSD adults [trauma-exposed controls]) and 50 controls without trauma exposure were included in this fMRI study (age: 40–67 years). FCs between hippocampal subdivisions (four regions in each hemisphere: cornu ammonis 1 [CA1], CA2, CA3, and dentate gyrus [DG]) and methylation levels of the NR3C1 gene were compared among the three groups. Results Trauma-exposed adults, regardless of PTSD diagnosis, had weaker positive FC between the left hippocampal CA1, left DG, and the posterior cingulate cortex, and weaker negative FC between the right CA1, right DG, and several frontal gyri, relative to healthy controls. Compared to non-PTSD adults, PTSD adults showed decreased negative FC between the right CA1 region and the right middle/inferior frontal gyri (MFG/IFG), and decreased negative FC between the right DG and the right superior frontal gyrus and left MFG. Both trauma-exposed groups showed lower methylation levels of the NR3C1 gene. Conclusions Adults who had lost their only child may experience disrupted hippocampal network connectivity and NR3C1 methylation status, regardless of whether they have developed PTSD.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0033-2917 , 1469-8978
    RVK:
    Language: English
    Publisher: Cambridge University Press (CUP)
    Publication Date: 2021
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 1470300-2
    SSG: 5,2
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  • 3
    In: Psychological Medicine, Cambridge University Press (CUP), Vol. 52, No. 4 ( 2022-03), p. 747-756
    Abstract: Accumulating studies have found structural and functional abnormalities of the striatum in bipolar disorder (BD) and major depressive disorder (MDD). However, changes in intrinsic brain functional connectivity dynamics of striato-cortical circuitry have not been investigated in BD and MDD. This study aimed to investigate the shared and specific patterns of dynamic functional connectivity (dFC) variability of striato-cortical circuitry in BD and MDD. Methods Brain resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging data were acquired from 128 patients with unmedicated BD II (current episode depressed), 140 patients with unmedicated MDD, and 132 healthy controls (HCs). Six pairs of striatum seed regions were selected: the ventral striatum inferior (VSi) and the ventral striatum superior (VSs), the dorsal-caudal putamen (DCP), the dorsal-rostral putamen (DRP), and the dorsal caudate and the ventral-rostral putamen (VRP). The sliding-window analysis was used to evaluate dFC for each seed. Results Both BD II and MDD exhibited increased dFC variability between the left DRP and the left supplementary motor area, and between the right VRP and the right inferior parietal lobule. The BD II had specific increased dFC variability between the right DCP and the left precentral gyrus compared with MDD and HCs. The MDD had increased dFC variability between the left VSi and the left medial prefrontal cortex compared with BD II and HCs. Conclusions The patients with BD and MDD shared common dFC alteration in the dorsal striatal-sensorimotor and ventral striatal-cognitive circuitries. The patients with MDD had specific dFC alteration in the ventral striatal-affective circuitry.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0033-2917 , 1469-8978
    RVK:
    Language: English
    Publisher: Cambridge University Press (CUP)
    Publication Date: 2022
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 1470300-2
    SSG: 5,2
    Location Call Number Limitation Availability
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  • 4
    In: Psychological Medicine, Cambridge University Press (CUP), Vol. 52, No. 15 ( 2022-11), p. 3431-3441
    Abstract: Inflammation might play a role in bipolar disorder (BD), but it remains unclear the relationship between inflammation and brain structural and functional abnormalities in patients with BD. In this study, we focused on the alterations of functional connectivity (FC), peripheral pro-inflammatory cytokines and their correlations to investigate the role of inflammation in FC in BD depression. Methods In this study, 42 unmedicated patients with BD II depression and 62 healthy controls (HCs) were enrolled. Resting-state-functional magnetic resonance imaging was performed in all participants and independent component analysis was used. Serum levels of Interleukin-6 (IL-6) and Interleukin-8 (IL-8) were measured in all participants. Correlation between FC values and IL-6 and IL-8 levels in BD was calculated. Results Compared with the HCs, BD II patients showed decreased FC in the left orbitofrontal cortex (OFC) implicating the limbic network and the right precentral gyrus implicating the somatomotor network. BD II showed increased IL-6 ( p = 0.039), IL-8 ( p = 0.002) levels. Moreover, abnormal FC in the right precentral gyrus were inversely correlated with the IL-8 ( r = −0.458, p = 0.004) levels in BD II. No significant correlation was found between FC in the left OFC and cytokines levels. Conclusions Our findings that serum IL-8 levels are associated with impaired FC in the right precentral gyrus in BD II patients suggest that inflammation might play a crucial role in brain functional abnormalities in BD.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0033-2917 , 1469-8978
    RVK:
    Language: English
    Publisher: Cambridge University Press (CUP)
    Publication Date: 2022
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 1470300-2
    SSG: 5,2
    Location Call Number Limitation Availability
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