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  • 1
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Host plant response of Eumusa and Australimusa bananas (Musa spp.) to migratory endoparasitic and root-knot nematodes
    Brill ; 2000
    In:  Nematology Vol. 2, No. 8 ( 2000), p. 907-916
    Details
    In: Nematology, Brill, Vol. 2, No. 8 ( 2000), p. 907-916
    Abstract: Twenty-five banana varieties of section Eumusa (AA-group) and seven of the section Australimusa (Fe'i-group) from Papua New Guinea were evaluated for resistance to Radopholus similis, Pratylenchus coffeae and Meloidogyne spp. The host plant responses were compared with the susceptible reference cvs Grande Naine and Cavendish 901. In vitro propagated plants were transferred to the glasshouse in loamy sand and inoculated with approximately 1000 migratory endoparasitic nematodes at 4 weeks after planting. Reproduction of R. similis and P.coffeae in the roots was determined at 8 or 10 weeks, respectively, after inoculation. Reproduction of Meloidogyne spp. was determined 8 weeks after inoculation with 3300 to 5000 eggs. No resistance to R. similis was found in the diploid varieties. The Fe'i variety Rimina and possibly Menei were resistant to R. similis. All varieties tested were susceptible to P.coffeae and Meloidogyne spp. Tests de résistance de bananiers Eumusa et Australimusa (Musa spp.) envers les nématodes endoparasites migrateurs et galligènes - Vingt-cinq variétés de bananier de la section Eumusa (groupe AA) et sept de la section Australimusa (group Fe'i) provenant de Papouasie-Nouvelle Guinée ont été testées pour leur résistance envers Radopholus similis, Pratylenchus coffeae et Meloidogyne spp. Les résponses de ces variétés ont été comparées à celles des cultivars sensibles de référence Grande Naine et Cavendish 901. Des vitroplants ont été mis en place en serre sur un sol argilo-sableux et inoculés 4 semaines après plantation avec environ 1000 R. similis ou P.coffeae dont la reproduction a été déterminée 8 et 10 semaines, respectivement, après inoculation. La reproduction de Meloidogyne spp. l'a été 8 semaines après inoculation avec 3300 à 5000 oeufs. Aucune résistance à R. similis n'a été observée chez les variétés diploïdes. Les variétés du groupe Fe'i Rimina et Menei se sont montrées résistantes à R. similis, avec un certain doute dans le cas de la dernière. Toutes les variétés testées sont sensibles à P.coffeae et Meloidogyne spp.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1388-5545 , 1568-5411
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1163/156854100750112851
    Language: Unknown
    Publisher: Brill
    Publication Date: 2000
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  • 2
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Effect of nematodes on root and shoot growth of in vitro-propagated and sword sucker-derived plants of six Musa spp. genotypes
    Brill ; 2004
    In:  Nematology Vol. 6, No. 4 ( 2004), p. 593-604
    Details
    In: Nematology, Brill, Vol. 6, No. 4 ( 2004), p. 593-604
    Abstract: This study evaluated the effect of infection by a mixture of nematode species (including Helicotylenchus multicinctus, H. dihystera, Hoplolaimus pararobustus, Meloidogyne spp. and Radopholus similis) on the root system size and shoot growth of six Musa genotypes. In addition, the influence of type of planting material on susceptibility and sensitivity to nematodes was assessed, comparing suckers (i.e., lateral shoots) and in vitro-derived planting material, produced through shoot-tip culture techniques. The Musa genotypes were the triploid (AAA-group) dessert banana cvs Yangambi km5 and Gros Michel, the triploid plantain cvs Agbagba and Obino l'Ewai (both AAB-group) and two IITA improved tetraploid plantain hybrids TMPx 548-9 and TMPx 5511-2. The study was carried out at the International Institute of Tropical Agriculture High Rainfall station at Onne in southeastern Nigeria in an ultisol soil. During vegetative growth, shoot growth of infected plants was less than that of non-infected plants. At flower emergence, a severe reduction in root system size (as much as 75%) was associated with moderate (in most cases less then 20%) reduction in corm and shoot growth characteristics. This indicates that Musa spp. plants grow relatively well with a reduced root system, i.e., the remaining root system can supply the plant with the necessary nutrients and water. Root systems of sucker-derived dessert bananas tolerated higher nematode population densities than those of in vitro-derived plants. Plantains were highly sensitive as moderate nematode population densities caused a severe reduction in root system size.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1388-5545 , 1568-5411
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1163/1568541042665197
    Language: Unknown
    Publisher: Brill
    Publication Date: 2004
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2019332-4
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  • 3
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    Online Resource
    Activity of phenylalanine ammonia-lyase, peroxidase and polyphenol oxidase in roots of banana (Musa acuminata AAA, cvs Grande Naine and Yangambi km5) before and after infection with Radopholus similis
    Brill ; 2006
    In:  Nematology Vol. 8, No. 2 ( 2006), p. 201-209
    Details
    In: Nematology, Brill, Vol. 8, No. 2 ( 2006), p. 201-209
    Abstract: Phenylpropanoids – phenolic compounds – take part in the wound and defence responses of plants and are frequently correlated with resistance. Enzymes directly or indirectly functional in the phenylpropanoid pathway are induced in plants in response to wounding and infection by pathogens, including sedentary endoparasitic nematodes. The activity of three of these enzymes, phenylalanine ammonia-lyase (PAL), peroxidase (PO) and polyphenol oxidase (PPO), was analysed in banana roots before and 1, 3 and 7 days after inoculation with the burrowing nematode Radopholus similis and in comparison with mechanically wounded roots. Constitutive activities of PAL, PO and PPO were lower in the resistant cv. Yangambi km5 (Musa acuminata AAA) than in the susceptible cv. Grande Naine (Musa acuminata AAA). During the experiment, levels increased to those of cv. Grande Naine, but only for R. similis-inoculated roots of cv. Yangambi km5 enzyme activities at 3 and 7 days after the onset of the experiment were values significantly higher than constitutive ones. At 7 days after the treatments, PO activity was significantly higher in wounded roots of cv. Grande Naine than in control and nematode-inoculated roots. The level of PAL activity in nematode-treated roots of cv. Yangambi km5 at 7 days after inoculation was 2.3-fold higher than control and wounded roots and up to six-fold higher than cv. Grande Naine roots. We concluded that PAL was induced in R. similis-inoculated roots of the resistant cultivar only and that this response was different from wound induction. For PO and PPO we concluded that levels in the resistant cultivar increased to those of the susceptible cultivar as a response to general stress in the plants during the experiment. Nevertheless, final levels of PO and PPO activity in R. similis-inoculated roots of the resistant cultivar were significantly higher than constitutive ones.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1388-5545 , 1568-5411
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1163/156854106777998674
    Language: Unknown
    Publisher: Brill
    Publication Date: 2006
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2019332-4
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  • 4
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    Online Resource
    Effect of time and inoculum density on the reproductive fitness of Pratylenchus coffeae and Radopholus similis populations on carrot disks
    Brill ; 1999
    In:  Nematology Vol. 1, No. 3 ( 1999), p. 243-250
    Details
    In: Nematology, Brill, Vol. 1, No. 3 ( 1999), p. 243-250
    Abstract: The reproductive fitness of three Pratylenchus coffeae populations (Honduras, Ghana and Vietnam) and three Radopholus similis populations (Costa Rica, Cuba and Ghana) on carrot disks was studied as a function of time and inoculum densities. In the first study, the reproductive fitness of the isolates was followed during 11 weeks for P. coffeae and during 7 weeks for R. similis. All the populations increased with time. No distinction could be found in the maximum growth rate of the Pratylenchus populations. The R. similis population from Cuba had a higher maximum growt h rate than those from Ghana and Costa Rica. All the Radopholus populations showed a faster multiplication than P. coffeae. In the second study, the influence of the inoculum density on the reproductive fitness was determined for the six populations. The differences in reproduction ratios confirmed the results of the first study. Effetde la duree et du taux d'inoculum sur la reproduction de trois populations de Pratylenchus coffeae et de Radopholus similis eleves sur rondelles de carottes - La reproduction de trois populations de Pratylenchus coffeae (Honduras, Ghana et Vietnam) et de trois populations de Radopholus similis (Costa Rica, Cuba et Ghana) a ete etudiee en elevages sur rondelles de carottes. Dans une premiere etude, la multiplication du P. coffeae a ete etudiee pendant 11 semaines et celle du R. similis pendant 7 semaines. Toutes les populations se sont accrues avec le temps. Aucune difference dans la vitesse de croissance maximale n'a ete observee entre les differentes populations de Pratylenchus. La population de R. similis provenant de Cuba a montre une vitesse de croissance plus elevee par rapport aux autres populations. Tous les isolats du R. similis ont montre une multiplication plus rapide que celle des isolats du P. coffeae. Dans la deuxieme etude, l'effet du taux d'inoculum sur la reproduction a ete determine. Les differences dans les taux de reproduction observees ont confirme les resultats obtenus dans la premiere etude.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1388-5545 , 1568-5411
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1163/156854199508225
    Language: Unknown
    Publisher: Brill
    Publication Date: 1999
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  • 5
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    Online Resource
    Effects of plant phenylpropanoid pathway products and selected terpenoids and alkaloids on the behaviour of the plant-parasitic nematodes Radopholus similis, Pratylenchus penetrans and Meloidogyne incognita
    Brill ; 2006
    In:  Nematology Vol. 8, No. 1 ( 2006), p. 89-101
    Details
    In: Nematology, Brill, Vol. 8, No. 1 ( 2006), p. 89-101
    Abstract: Plants produce a wide range of biologically active chemicals which have been extensively explored for nematode-antagonistic properties. Although phenylpropanoids are part of the chemical defence system of plants against pests and diseases, including parasitic nematodes, no comprehensive study exists which relates (levels of) phenylpropanoid compounds in roots to actual effects on nematode behaviour. Therefore, a broad spectrum evaluation was made of the effects of phenylpropanoids (simple phenolics and flavonoids) and selected monoterpenoids and alkaloids on the behaviour of the migratory endoparasites Radopholus similis and Pratylenchus penetrans and the sedentary endoparasite Meloidogyne incognita. In vitro bioassays assessed effects on chemotaxis, motility, viability and hatch. Compared with the other two nematode species, P. penetrans was remarkably insensitive to the test compounds. Only phloretin was (limited) hatch inhibitive. This property was shared by other chalcone-related compounds for R. similis. Repellents and motility inhibitors for R. similis and M. incognita were found among the simple phenolic compounds. Flavonols stood out as repellent compounds for both these nematode species, while they were, in their degraded form, also motility inhibitors for M. incognita. Dopamine was an attractant for R. similis, while ferulic acid was strongly motility inhibitive and toxic (LC50 of 120 μg ml−1) for this nematode species. Salicylic acid was a strong attractant for M. incognita. The compound was also nematicidal (LC50 of 46 μg ml−1) and an irreversible inhibitor of hatch.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1388-5545 , 1568-5411
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1163/156854106776179953
    Language: Unknown
    Publisher: Brill
    Publication Date: 2006
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2019332-4
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  • 6
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    Online Resource
    Effect of nematode infection and damage on the root system and plant growth of three Musa cultivars commonly grown in Uganda
    Brill ; 2006
    In:  Nematology Vol. 8, No. 2 ( 2006), p. 177-189
    Details
    In: Nematology, Brill, Vol. 8, No. 2 ( 2006), p. 177-189
    Abstract: Banana production in East Africa is threatened by declining yields partly caused by plant-parasitic nematodes. Attempts to ameliorate this damage are hampered by a lack of information on the characteristics of the root systems of healthy and nematode infested roots of commonly grown banana cultivars. An experiment in hydroponic culture, where healthy root systems were established, demonstrated that there were differences in number, size and distribution of primary, secondary and tertiary roots among the cultivars Nabusa, Pisang Awak and Sukali Ndizi. Field experiments carried out at three sites in Uganda showed that nematode damage on the same cultivars increased the number of primary roots and root bases, either increased or decreased root length depending on the cultivar or nematode species involved, but always decreased root length density. Root number and size are probably critical factors in determining plant tolerance to nematodes. Our findings should help plant breeding programmes, which must establish those selection criteria that are most likely to reduce the debilitating effects of nematode damage.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1388-5545 , 1568-5411
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1163/156854106777998764
    Language: Unknown
    Publisher: Brill
    Publication Date: 2006
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2019332-4
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  • 7
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    Online Resource
    Reproduction and pathogenicity of Helicotylenchus multicinctus, Meloidogyne incognita and Pratylenchus coffeae, and their interaction with Radopholus similis on Musa
    Brill ; 2006
    In:  Nematology Vol. 8, No. 1 ( 2006), p. 45-58
    Details
    In: Nematology, Brill, Vol. 8, No. 1 ( 2006), p. 45-58
    Abstract: The reproduction and pathogenicity of Helicotylenchus multicinctus, Meloidogyne incognita and Pratylenchus coffeae was studied on Musa AAA cv. Grande Naine pot plants and microplot plants. First, separate experiments using different inoculation numbers (between 218 and 4144) and different exposure times (between 8 and 22 weeks) were executed in pots for each nematode species. Helicotylenchus multicinctus suppressed root growth by 13%, comparing inoculated with uninoculated plants. In contrast, M. incognita stimulated root growth by 6.7%, while P. coffeae had no effect on root growth. The interaction between R. similis and each of these three nematode species was investigated in a concomitancy experiment in pots. Plants without concomitant species yielded the highest R. similis population densities but did not differ from plants previously inoculated with H. multicinctus and P. coffeae. Meloidogyne incognita was the only concomitant species that reduced R. similis population densities. Inoculation with R. similis affected the recovered numbers of P. coffeae albeit with large variability. In the microplot experiment, all four nematode species except H. multicinctus reduced the bunch weight of bananas, compared to uninoculated plants. Pratylenchus coffeae and R. similis increased root damage by 129 and 262%, respectively, while only the latter species suppressed root weight with 66%.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1388-5545 , 1568-5411
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1163/156854106776179999
    Language: Unknown
    Publisher: Brill
    Publication Date: 2006
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2019332-4
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  • 8
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Effect of plant lectins on the host-finding behaviour of Radopholus similis
    Brill ; 2003
    In:  Nematology Vol. 5, No. 2 ( 2003), p. 205-212
    Details
    In: Nematology, Brill, Vol. 5, No. 2 ( 2003), p. 205-212
    Abstract: The motility and the chemotactic response towards plant roots of Radopholus similis, after treatment with novel types of lectins, were examined in vitro by analysing movement tracks on agar plates. Six plant lectins belonging to five different lectin families and a banana thaumatin-like protein (BanTLP) were included in the experiment. A 1% concentration of Phaseolus vulgaris agglutinin (PHA) had an adverse effect on the motility of R. similis females: 63% showed no or very little movement on agar plates compared to an average of 33% for other lectins and 3% for the control treatment. A 0.05% concentration of PHA still reduced the motility of R. similis females by 75%. Concanavalin A and wheat germ agglutinin did not alter the chemotactic response towards plant roots, despite binding of both lectins to R. similis. In contrast, Galanthus nivalis agglutinin (GNA) reduced orientated movement of R. similis towards plant roots. Subsequently, secretions of R. similis were stained with Coomassie Brilliant Blue R. Nematodes treated with GNA produced secretions less abundantly compared to the control treatment and BanTLP. The other lectins in the experiment had variable effects on secretion.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1388-5545 , 1568-5411
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1163/156854103767139699
    Language: Unknown
    Publisher: Brill
    Publication Date: 2003
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2019332-4
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  • 9
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    Online Resource
    Bio-protective effect of a root-nodulating Rhizobium etli strain in common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris) against Meloidogyne incognita and Radopholus similis in an in vitro autotrophic tripartite culture system
    Brill ; 2021
    In:  Nematology Vol. 23, No. 6 ( 2021-06-30), p. 645-653
    Details
    In: Nematology, Brill, Vol. 23, No. 6 ( 2021-06-30), p. 645-653
    Abstract: The bio-protective effect of a root-nodulating strain (CNPAF 512) of the nitrogen-fixing rhizobium, Rhizobium etli , against both a sedentary ( Meloidogyne incognita ) and a migratory ( Radopholus similis ) endoparasitic nematode in common bean ( Phaseolus vulgaris ) was examined using an in vitro autotrophic tripartite culture system. Two in vitro assays were carried out with each of the nematode species. Each assay consisted of two treatments: the plants were either inoculated with the rhizobial strain or remained non-inoculated (control plants). To examine the effect of either pre- or simultaneous inoculation of the rhizobial strain on the reproduction of M. incognita and R. similis , one assay was carried out in which the nematodes were inoculated 3 weeks after rhizobial inoculation while another assay was carried out in which the nematodes were inoculated simultaneously with the rihizobial strain. Both pre-inoculation and simultaneous inoculation with R. etli CNPAF 512 significantly suppressed the reproduction of both M. incognita and R. similis .
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1388-5545 , 1568-5411
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1163/15685411-bja10066
    Language: Unknown
    Publisher: Brill
    Publication Date: 2021
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2019332-4
    SSG: 12
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