Note: Cover -- Half Title -- Title Page -- Copyright Page -- List of Tables and Illustrations -- Tables -- Figures -- Photos in Photospread -- -- Introduction -- Acknowledgments -- Chapter 1: The Characteristics of and Problems with Chinese Society's Recovery Measures: Following the Wenchuan Earthquakes -- The Law of the People's Republic of China on Protecting against and Mitigating Earthquake Disasters -- The Wenchuan County Earthquake Recovery and Reconstruction Ordinance and the National Wenchuan County Earthquake Recovery and Reconstruction Comprehensive Plan -- Policy of "Pairing Support (One-to-One Support)" -- 2008, "China's NGO Year One" -- The Various Problems Involved in Reconstructing People's Lives -- Conclusion -- Notes -- Japanese References -- Chinese References -- English References -- Chapter 2: The Role of Post-disaster NGOs in the 2008 Wenchuan and 2013 Lushan Earthquakes in Sichuan in P.R. China: A Case Study of Grassroots Mental Support NGOs -- China's NGOs -- Previous Research on Disaster-Relief Activities -- The Wenchuan Earthquake in Sichuan, May 12, 2008 -- The Activities Of The Grassroots Ngo Mother House In The Sichuan Great Earthquake And The Activities Of The Ngo Chengdu One-day For Social Work Service Center Derived From It -- Stage 1: The Activities of the Nationwide Psychological Assistance Federation in the Emergency-Response Period -- Stage 2: Activities in the Restoration and Recovery Period -- Activities carried out by the Mother House in the temporary housing (from September 2008 to September 2009) -- Activities at Mother House's Rented Office7 (June 2009 to the Present) -- The Chengdu One-Day for Social Work Service Center Carries Out Its Activities from a Government Office (April 25, 2011 to the present day) -- Considerations of Their Activities -- The Sichuan Lushan Earthquake, April 20, 2013. , The Conditions of the NGOs' Activities -- Disaster-Relief Activities after the April 20th Earthquake of 2013 -- Stage 1 Activities: April 20, 2013, to April 23, 2013 (Emergency-Response Stage of the First 72 Hours Following the Earthquake) -- Stage 2 Activities: April 24, 2013, to May 3, 2013 (Emergency-Response Stage of the Two Weeks after the Earthquake) -- Stage 3 Activities: May 4, 2013, to July 20, 2013 (the Three Months after the Earthquake) -- Experience of the Sichuan's Lushan Earthquake of April 20, 2013, as seen from the Wenchuan Earthquake of May 12, 2008 -- Conclusion -- Acknowledgment -- Notes -- Japanese References -- English References -- Chinese References -- Newspaper and Internet references -- Chapter 3: Mental Care for Occupants of a Welfare Facility for Older Adults in the Disaster-Affected Area of Sichuan -- Aging Population in Sichuan Province -- Circumstances of Older Adults Affected by Disasters -- Purpose of This Research -- Previous Research -- Vulnerability of Older Adults in Disasters -- Impact of Natural Disasters on Older Adults -- Support for Affected Older Adults -- Summary of Previous Research and Objective of This Study -- Field Survey -- Survey Method and Ethical Considerations -- Selection and Attributes of Survey Participants -- Survey Data Analysis Procedure -- Overview of Survey Site and Reasons for Selection -- Survey Results -- First-Stage Observations -- Observations of the Field Environment -- Observations of Interviewees -- Second-Stage Interviews -- Comfort for Loneliness -- Discussing Concerns -- Alleviation of a Fear of an Earthquake Disaster -- Discussion -- Status of Mental Care for Older Adults Affected by the Disaster -- Need for Active Support -- Providing Care according to Individual Life Experience -- Conclusions -- Limitations of This Study -- Concluding Thoughts: Suggestions for Japan. , Japanese References -- Chinese References -- English Reference -- Internet Reference -- Chapter 4: Disaster Prevention Education in Dark Tourism: The Beichuan National Earthquake Ruins Museum -- What Is Dark Tourism? -- Dark Tourism in Natural Disaster Sites -- Dark Tourism and Disaster Prevention Education on Natural Disasters -- Viewpoints and Purpose of This Study -- Field Survey -- Beichuan Qiang Autonomous County and Beichuan National Earthquake Ruins Museum -- Survey Method -- Survey Results -- Situation at Beichuan National Earthquake Ruins Museum -- Content Analysis of Interview Data -- Opinions on the Preservation of Earthquake Ruins Related to the Development of Dark Tourism -- Motivations for Tourism -- Changes in Awareness about Earthquakes through Dark Tourism -- Changes in Attitudes toward the Disaster That Occurred through Dark Tourism -- Thoughts Regarding Disaster Prevention Education through Dark Tourism -- Future Developments in Dark Tourism -- Future Development of Disaster Prevention Education -- Results -- Discussion -- Status of Dark Tourism in Beichuan County -- Exhibits at the Beichuan National Earthquake Ruins Museum -- Those Who Did Not Experience the Earthquake -- Those Who Experienced the Earthquake -- Concluding Remarks -- Conclusion -- Limitations and Issues -- Acknowledgments -- Notes -- Japanese References -- Chinese References -- English References -- Chapter 5: Intangible Cultural Properties of the Qiang after the 2008 Wenchuan Earthquake: Qiang Year in Mao County -- Section 1: Disasters and Protection of Intangible Cultural Heritage -- What Is intangible Cultural Heritage? -- Disasters and Intangible Cultural Heritage -- Research on the Intangible Cultural Heritage of the Qiang People after the Earthquake in China -- Reconstruction of the Intangible Cultural Heritage of the Qiang People after the Earthquake. , Protection Measures -- Tourism Development -- Problems Faced in Protecting the Qiang People's Intangible Cultural Heritage -- Reflections on the Protection of the Qiang People's Intangible Cultural Heritage: 11 Years Later -- Section 2: Area Overview and Qiang Year -- Overview of Mao County -- Damage and Reconstruction of Mao County -- Qiang Year -- Disaster Damage to Qiang Year -- Protection Measures for Intangible Cultural Heritage such as Qiang Year -- Legal Development -- Development -- Preservation -- Tradition -- Section 3: Field Survey -- Survey Method, Content, and Purpose -- Survey Subjects -- Section 4: Survey Results and Discussion -- Changes in Qiang Year Based on the 2020 Event -- Time and Place -- Participants -- Ritual Content -- Impact of Reconstruction on Qiang Culture such as Qiang Year -- Lack of Independence among the Public in the Protection of Intangible Cultural Heritage -- Increase in Female Qiang Participants -- Cultural Reconstruction and Building Regional Resilience -- Changes in Methods of Protecting Intangible Folk Cultural Properties in the Digital Era -- Comparison with the Protection of Intangible Cultural Heritage after the Great East Japan Earthquake -- Conclusion -- Notes -- Japanese References -- Chinese References -- English References -- Internet Reference -- Chapter 6: History of Social Disaster Prevention after the 2008 Wenchuan Earthquake: Practice of Disaster Prevention Education in Schools and Community Disaster Prevention -- Disaster Prevention Education in Schools -- Lack of Disaster Prevention Education: An Issue in the 2008 Wenchuan Earthquake -- Prominent School Damage During the Earthquake -- What Is Disaster Prevention Education? -- Advocacy for Disaster Prevention Education in the International Community -- Search for Disaster Prevention Education. , Surveys at School Sites: Four Schools with Different Disaster Histories and Educational Standards -- Survey Outline -- Four Schools -- Survey Content -- Changes in Disaster Prevention Education in Schools -- Disaster Prevention Education Methods -- Textbooks -- Attitudes toward Disaster Prevention Education -- Collaboration between Schools and External Organizations: Partners, Conditions, and Characteristics -- Difficulties at Disaster Prevention Education Sites -- Participation of NGOs in Disaster Prevention Education: The Well-Known Disaster NGO, "One Foundation" -- Disaster NGO One Foundation -- Innovations to Promote Social Participation -- Problems Regarding Disaster Prevention Education Activities -- Community Disaster Prevention -- Appearance and Increase in Disaster Prevention Communities -- Reduction of Social Vulnerability and Community Disaster Prevention -- Communities in China -- Government Actions over Community Disaster Prevention after the Earthquake -- From the Creation of "Disaster Preventing Communities" to the Promotion of "Community Disaster Prevention" -- Community Disaster Prevention in Urbanization -- Disaster Prevention in the Relocation Community of Xinfeng due to Land Adjustment -- Disaster Prevention in the Earthquake Recovery Community: Erma -- From Current Community Disaster Prevention to the Next Stage -- Awareness of Community Affiliation after Relocation -- Gender Perspectives and Activities of Middle-Aged and Older People -- Re-evaluating Who Are Vulnerable to Disasters -- From Disaster Prevention Experience to the COVID-19 Response -- Relationship between Public, Mutual, and Self-Help in Community Disaster Prevention -- Conclusion -- Acknowledgments -- Notes -- Japanese References -- Chinese References -- English References -- Afterword/Epilogue -- Appendix 1. , National Research Institute for Earth Science and Disaster Resilience.