GLORIA

GEOMAR Library Ocean Research Information Access

X
feed icon rss

Ihre E-Mail wurde erfolgreich gesendet. Bitte prüfen Sie Ihren Maileingang.

Leider ist ein Fehler beim E-Mail-Versand aufgetreten. Bitte versuchen Sie es erneut.

Vorgang fortführen?

Exportieren
  • 1
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Microtubule Depolymerization Inhibits Ethanol-Induced Enhancement of GABAA Responses in Stably Transfected Cells (1996)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Science Ltd
    Journal of neurochemistry 66 (1996), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1471-4159
    Quelle: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Thema: Medizin
    Notizen: Abstract: We studied whether microtubule organization is important for actions of ethanol on GABAA ergic responses by testing the effects of microtubule depolymerization on ethanol enhancement of GABA action in mouse L(tk−) cells stably transfected with GABAA receptor α1β1γ2L subunits. The microtubule-disrupting agents colchicine, taxol, and vinblastine completely blocked ethanol-induced enhancement of muscimol-stimulated chloride uptake. β-Lumicolchicine, a colchicine analogue that does not disrupt microtubules, had no effect on ethanol action. Colchicine did not alter the potentiating actions of flunitrazepam or pentobarbital on muscimol-stimulated chloride uptake. Thus, colchicine specifically inhibited the potentiating action of ethanol. From these findings, we conclude that intact microtubules are required for ethanol-induced enhancement of GABAA responses and suggest that a mechanism involving microtubules produces posttranslational modifications that are necessary for ethanol sensitivity in this cell system.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1471-4159.1996.66031318.x
    Standort Signatur Einschränkungen Verfügbarkeit
    BibTip Andere fanden auch interessant ...
    Artikel (Nationallizenzen)
    Volltext
  • 2
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Benzodiazepine Treatment Causes Uncoupling of Recombinant GABAA Receptors Expressed in Stably Transfected Cells (1994)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Science Ltd
    Journal of neurochemistry 63 (1994), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1471-4159
    Quelle: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Thema: Medizin
    Notizen: Abstract: GABAA and benzodiazepine receptors are allosterically coupled, and occupation of either receptor site increases the affinity of the other. Chronic exposure of primary neuronal cultures to benzodiazepine agonists reduces these allosteric interactions. Neurons express multiple GABAA receptor subunits, and it has been suggested that uncoupling is due to changes in the subunit composition of the receptor. To determine if uncoupling could be observed with expression of defined subunits, mouse Ltk− cells stably transfected with GABAA receptors (bovine α1, β1, and γ2L subunits) were treated with flunitrazepam (Flu) or clonazepam. The increase in [3H]Flu binding affinity caused by GABA (GABA shift or coupling) was significantly reduced in cells treated chronically with the benzodiazepines, whereas the KD and Bmax of [3H]Flu binding were unaffected. The uncoupling caused by clonazepam treatment occurred rapidly with a t1/2 of ∼30 min. The EC50 for clonazepam treatment was ∼0.3 µM, and cotreatment with the benzodiazepine antagonist Ro 15-1788 (5.6 µM) prevented the effect of clonazepam. The uncoupling observed in this system was not accompanied by receptor internalization, is unlikely to be due to changes in receptor subunit composition, and probably represents posttranslational changes. The rapid regulation of allosteric coupling by benzodiazepine treatment of the stably transfected cells should provide insights to the mechanisms of coupling between GABAA and benzodiazepine receptors as well as benzodiazepine tolerance.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1471-4159.1994.63062349.x
    Standort Signatur Einschränkungen Verfügbarkeit
    BibTip Andere fanden auch interessant ...
    Artikel (Nationallizenzen)
    Volltext
  • 3
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Acute Effects of Ethanol on Pharmacologically Isolated Kainate Receptors in Cerebellar Granule Neurons: Comparison with NMDA and AMPA Receptors (1998)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Science Ltd
    Journal of neurochemistry 71 (1998), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1471-4159
    Quelle: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Thema: Medizin
    Notizen: Abstract: Comparisons of acute ethanol's effects on individual members of the three major families of ionotropic glutamate receptors (kainate, AMPA, and NMDA) have been performed only with recombinant receptors. However, no study has compared the acute effects of ethanol on individual members of each one of these receptor families in the same neuron. We accomplished this task by using cultured cerebellar granule neurons and LY303070 (GYKI-53784), a noncompetitive and selective AMPA receptor antagonist. Ethanol concentrations of 25, 50, 75, and 100 mM decreased the amplitude of pharmacologically isolated kainate-activated currents by 3 ± 1, 9 ± 2, 14 ± 2, and 22 ± 3% (n = 8), respectively. The magnitude of the ethanol-induced inhibition of nonselective kainate-activated currents, i.e., in the absence of LY303070, and currents activated by submaximal AMPA concentrations was not significantly different from that obtained with isolated kainate currents. However, the magnitude of the ethanol-induced inhibition of NMDA receptor-activated currents was about twofold greater than that of kainate and/or AMPA receptors.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1471-4159.1998.71041777.x
    Standort Signatur Einschränkungen Verfügbarkeit
    BibTip Andere fanden auch interessant ...
    Artikel (Nationallizenzen)
    Volltext
  • 4
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Gene expression profiling of individual cases reveals consistent transcriptional changes in alcoholic human brain (2004)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Science Ltd
    Journal of neurochemistry 90 (2004), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1471-4159
    Quelle: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Thema: Medizin
    Notizen: Chronic alcohol exposure induces lasting behavioral changes, tolerance, and dependence. This results, at least partially, from neural adaptations at a cellular level. Previous genome-wide gene expression studies using pooled human brain samples showed that alcohol abuse causes widespread changes in the pattern of gene expression in the frontal and motor cortices of human brain. Because these studies used pooled samples, they could not determine variability between different individuals. In the present study, we profiled gene expression levels of 14 postmortem human brains (seven controls and seven alcoholic cases) using cDNA microarrays (46 448 clones per array). Both frontal cortex and motor cortex brain regions were studied. The list of genes differentially expressed confirms and extends previous studies of alcohol responsive genes. Genes identified as differentially expressed in two brain regions fell generally into similar functional groups, including metabolism, immune response, cell survival, cell communication, signal transduction and energy production. Importantly, hierarchical clustering of differentially expressed genes accurately distinguished between control and alcoholic cases, particularly in the frontal cortex.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1471-4159.2004.02570.x
    Standort Signatur Einschränkungen Verfügbarkeit
    BibTip Andere fanden auch interessant ...
    Artikel (Nationallizenzen)
    Volltext
  • 5
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Cross-linking of glycine receptor transmembrane segments two and three alters coupling of ligand binding with channel opening (2004)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Science Ltd
    Journal of neurochemistry 90 (2004), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1471-4159
    Quelle: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Thema: Medizin
    Notizen: Contact points between transmembrane segments (TMs) two and three of the glycine receptor are undefined and may play an important role in channel gating. We tested whether two amino acids in TM2 (S267) and TM3 (A288), known to be critical for alcohol and volatile anesthetic action, could cross-link by mutating both to cysteines and expressing the receptors in Xenopus laevis oocytes. In contrast with the wild-type receptor and single cysteine mutants, the S267C/A288C double mutant displayed unusual responses, including a tonic leak activity that was closed by strychnine and a run-down of the response upon repeated applications of glycine. We hypothesized that these characteristics were due to cross-linking of the two cysteines on opposing faces of these adjacent, alpha helical TMs. This would alter the movement of these two regions required for normal gating. To test this hypothesis, we used dithiothreitol to reduce the putative S267C–A288C disulfide bond. Reduction abolished the leak current and provided normal responses to glycine. Subsequent application of the cross-linking agent mercuric chloride caused the initial characteristics to return. These data demonstrate that S267 and A288 are near-neighbors and provide insight towards the location and role of the TM2–TM3 interface in ligand-gated ion channels.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1471-4159.2004.02561.x
    Standort Signatur Einschränkungen Verfügbarkeit
    BibTip Andere fanden auch interessant ...
    Artikel (Nationallizenzen)
    Volltext
  • 6
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Speed of collapse of the non-ventilated lung during single-lung ventilation for thoracoscopic surgery: the effect of transient increases in pleural pressure on the venting of gas from the non-ventilated lung (2001)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Science Ltd
    Anaesthesia 56 (2001), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-2044
    Quelle: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Thema: Medizin
    Notizen: A study of 10 anaesthetised patients placed in the lateral position for thoracoscopic surgery assessed whether transient increases in pleural pressure on the side of the non-ventilated lung might increase the speed at which gas vents from that lung. The transient increases in pleural pressure were generated by the mediastinal displacement that occurs with each inspiratory phase of positive pressure ventilation of the dependent lung. When combined with a unidirectional valve allowing gas to flow out of the non-ventilated lung, and a second valve allowing ambient airflow into, but not out of, the thoracic cavity via an initial thoracoscopy access site, this mediastinal displacement could conceivably serve to ‘pump’ gas out of the non-ventilated lung. Using the four different combinations of valve inclusion or omission, the volume of gas that vented from the non-ventilated lung into a measuring spirometer was recorded during a 120-s measurement sequence. It was found that the speed of venting was not increased by the transient increases in pleural pressure, and that in all but one of a total of 34 measurement sequences, venting had ceased by the end of the sequence. Gas venting was a mean (SD) of 85.5 (11.9)% complete in 25 s (five breaths), and 96.6 (6.1)% complete in 60 s. This prompt partial lung collapse very likely reflected the passive elastic recoil of the lung, while the failure of transient increases in pleural pressure to result in ongoing venting of gas was probably a consequence of airways closure as the lung collapsed. It is concluded that techniques that aim to speed lung collapse by increasing pleural pressure are unlikely to be effective.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2044.2001.02211.x
    Standort Signatur Einschränkungen Verfügbarkeit
    BibTip Andere fanden auch interessant ...
    Artikel (Nationallizenzen)
    Volltext
  • 7
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Cytokine Production in Hearts of Trypanosoma cruzi-Infected CBA Mice: Do Cytokine Patterns in Chronic Stage Reflect the Establishment of Myocardial Pathology? (1996)
    Oxford, U.K. and Cambridge, USA : Blackwell Science Ltd
    Scandinavian journal of immunology 44 (1996), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-3083
    Quelle: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Thema: Medizin
    Notizen: The authors analysed cytokine production in hearts of Trypanosoma cruzi-infected CBA-J mice by in situ immunocytochemical staining. Cellular infiltrates were recorded in hearts from both acute and chronic stages, but were not apparent in control hearts. In the acute heart, CD8 cells predominated, with associated production of IL-4, IL-6 and TNF-α. Cytokine production was characterized by IL-4, IL-5, IL-6 and TNF-α in the chronic heart, and numbers of CD4 and CD8 cells were more equal. At this stage, calcified infarctions and associated fibrosis were apparent, mimicking chronic human Chagas' heart pathology. The authors consider the CBA mouse an appropriate model of chronic T. cruzi infection, and suggest that local cytokine production reflects establishment of heart pathology.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-3083.1996.d01-328.x
    Standort Signatur Einschränkungen Verfügbarkeit
    BibTip Andere fanden auch interessant ...
    Artikel (Nationallizenzen)
    Volltext
  • 8
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Fc Receptors are Critical for Autoimmune Inflammatory Damage to the Central Nervous System in Experimental Autoimmune Encephalomyelitis (2002)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Science Ltd
    Scandinavian journal of immunology 55 (2002), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-3083
    Quelle: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Thema: Medizin
    Notizen: Multiple sclerosis (MS) is simulated by various forms of experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis, in which T cells, antibodies, cytokines and complementary factors interact with the central nervous system (CNS) myelin proteins and lead to inflammatory damage. We investigated the role of Fc receptors (FcRs), which link the cellular and humoral branches of the immune system, in myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein (MOG)-induced experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE), using two different FcRγ knockout DBA/1 mice. The first knockout were the FcRγ chain-deficient mice, which lack FcγRI, FcγRIII and FcεRI, while the second knockout mice lack only FcγRII. The lack of FcγRII enhanced the disease susceptibility with associated increased CNS demyelination. While FcRγ+/+ DBA/1 mice also developed pronounced CNS infiltration and myelin destruction, FcRγ−/− littermates were protected despite initial peripheral autoimmune responses to MOG. In vitro analyses revealed equivalent potentials of fluid phase phagocytosis of myelin and MOG in bone-marrow macrophages derived from both FcRγ+/+ and FcRγ−/− mice, while MOG-immunoglobulin (Ig)G immune complexes were only internalized by FcRγ+/+ macrophages. This was associated with cellular activation in FcRγ+/+ but not FcRγ−/− macrophages, as assessed by the activation of intracellular mitogen activated protein (MAP)-kinase signalling elements. We propose that protection from EAE in FcRγ-deficient mice is due to the inefficient antigen processing/presentation of myelin proteins during the induction of secondary immune responses locally in the CNS, which leads to demyelination. This demonstrates the importance of FcR in the promotion of autoimmune inflammation of the CNS and highlights the therapeutic possibility of treatment of MS with FcR-directed modalities.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-3083.2002.01024.x
    Standort Signatur Einschränkungen Verfügbarkeit
    BibTip Andere fanden auch interessant ...
    Artikel (Nationallizenzen)
    Volltext
  • 9
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Serological Diagnosis of Trypanosoma rangeli Infected Patients. A Comparison of Different Methods and its Implications for the Diagnosis of Chagas' Disease (1997)
    Oxford, U.K. and Cambridge, USA : Blackwell Science Ltd
    Scandinavian journal of immunology 45 (1997), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-3083
    Quelle: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Thema: Medizin
    Notizen: Venous blood from 65 Panamanian schoolchildren living in an area endemic for both Trypanosoma cruzi and T. rangeli were screened for the presence of these parasites. Trypanosoma rangeli were isolated and cultured from four individuals. Serological tests of all 65 sera were performed, including immunohaemagglutination (IHA), indirect immunofluorescence assay (IF) and ELISA using both T. rangeli and T. cruzi as antigens, as well as T. cruzi synthetic peptides in an ELISA assay. Results indicated a higher immunoreactivity to T. rangeli preparations than to T. cruzi within the studied population, which could be divided into four ‘serological responder’ groups. Interestingly, the panel of SAPA and other T. cruzi synthetic peptides were not useful in the discrimination of patients. Furthermore, patients from whom parasites had been isolated could not be distinguished from those of two other groups. Significant immunoreactivityto T. cruzi preparations was displayed in all responder sera, despite total lack of evidence of infection with this parasite. The immunobiological significance of T. rangeli infection is unclear, but these data indicate that it is a compounding problem in the accurate diagnosis of pathological T. cruzi infection by serological analysis. The relationship of these cohabiting species, in respect to infection outcome and immunological activation, is discussed.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-3083.1997.d01-405.x
    Standort Signatur Einschränkungen Verfügbarkeit
    BibTip Andere fanden auch interessant ...
    Artikel (Nationallizenzen)
    Volltext
  • 10
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    RAGE is the Major Receptor for the Proinflammatory Activity of HMGB1 in Rodent Macrophages (2005)
    Oxford, UK; Malden, USA : Blackwell Science Ltd
    Scandinavian journal of immunology 61 (2005), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-3083
    Quelle: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Thema: Medizin
    Notizen: High-mobility group box chromosomal protein 1 (HMGB1) is a protein with both intranuclear functions and extracellular cytokine-like effects. In this report, we study possible candidate receptors for HMGB1 on macrophages (Mφ) and define pathways activated by HMGB1 binding. Bone marrow Mφ were prepared from Dark Agouti (DA) rats and stimulated in vitro with HMGB1. The kinetics of tumour necrosis factor (TNF) production, NO production, activation of p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK), p44/42 MAPK- and SAPK/JNK-signalling pathways, nuclear translocation of nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB) and HMGB1-induced upregulation of major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class II and CD86 were analysed. Mφ from interleukin (IL)-1 receptor type I–/–, Toll-like receptor 2 (TLR2–/–) and RAGE–/– mice were used to investigate the role of these receptors in HMGB1 signalling. HMGB1 induced TNF and NO production by Mφ, phosphorylation of all investigated MAP kinase pathways and NF-κB translocation, and expression of MHC class II was increased. Mφ from RAGE–/– mice produced significantly lower amounts of TNF, IL-1β and IL-6, while IL-1RI–/– and TLR2–/– Mφ produced cytokine levels comparable with wildtype controls in response to HMGB1 stimulation. We conclude that HMGB1 has the potential to induce a proinflammatory phenotype in Mφ, with RAGE as the major activation-inducing receptor.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.0300-9475.2005.01534.x
    Standort Signatur Einschränkungen Verfügbarkeit
    BibTip Andere fanden auch interessant ...
    Artikel (Nationallizenzen)
    Volltext
Schließen ⊗
Diese Webseite nutzt Cookies und das Analyse-Tool Matomo. Weitere Informationen finden Sie hier...