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  • 1
    Keywords: Forschungsbericht
    Description / Table of Contents: Proteome analysis, apoptosis, caspase, 2-DE electrophoresis, mass spectrometry, target
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    Pages: Online-Ressource (10 p. = 131 KB)
    Edition: [Elektronische Ressource]
    Language: German
    Note: Contract BMBF 0312260. - Differences between the printed and electronic version of the document are possible. - nIndex p. 6 - 7. - nBibliography p. 7. - Engl. title: Identification and characterisation of apoptosis-modified proteins , Also available as printed version , Systemvoraussetzungen: Acrobat Reader.
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  • 2
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    New York :Cambridge University Press,
    Keywords: Environmental policy -- International cooperation. ; Environmental protection -- International cooperation. ; Electronic books.
    Description / Table of Contents: Rudel analyzes historic occurrences of environmental reform, explaining that reforms occur when two types of environmentalists join forces: defensive environmentalists concerned with contaminants in their immediate surroundings and altruistic environmentalists who, after events such as hurricanes or droughts, commit to alleviating global problems.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    Pages: 1 online resource (270 pages)
    Edition: 1st ed.
    ISBN: 9781139612913
    DDC: 333.7
    Language: English
    Note: Intro -- Contents -- List of Figures -- List of Tables -- Preface and Acknowledgments -- 1 Introduction -- Introduction: The Emotional Burdens of Global Environmental Change -- Theoretical Approach to Understanding Local and Global Changes -- The Plan for the Book -- 2 Meta-Narratives of Environmental Reform -- Introduction -- Theoretical Points of Departure -- 1. Modular Succession and Defensive Environmentalists -- 2. Focusing Events, Altruistic Environmentalists, and Environmental Reforms in Tightly Coupled Natural and Human Systems -- Meta-Narratives of Reform: Structures and Processes -- Theorizing Macro-Environmental Reform: A Polycentric, Multiphasic Approach -- Next Steps -- 3 Globalization, Tight Coupling, and Cascading Events -- Introduction: Globalization and the Human Prospect -- The Drivers2 -- Population Changes -- Global Capitalism -- Globalization, Tight Coupling, and Cascading Events -- Biofuels: Two Chain Reactions -- Climate Change and Cascading Events on Local and Global Scales -- Conclusion -- 4 Partitioning Resources, Preserving Resources? -- Introduction -- The Historical Expansion of Partitioned Natural Resources -- Conserving Partitioned Natural Resources: The Theories -- Corporations, States, and Catalyzing Events in Resource-Rich and Degraded Places -- Partitioning Resource-Rich Places: Three Case Studies -- 1. Suburbanization and Land-Use Controls in an Affluent Society -- 2. Globalization and the Expansion of Parks and Indigenous Reserves in Tropical Forests -- 3. Partitioning the Seas and Fisheries Conservation -- Partitioning Degraded Places: Two Case Studies -- 1. Community Forests -- 2. Farm Forests -- Conclusion -- 5 Advantaging Offspring, Limiting Offspring -- Introduction: Costs of Children, Defensive Environmentalists, and Population Declines -- Fertility Declines and the Costs of Children. , 1. Patterns of Decline -- 2. Explanations for the Decline -- Countervailing Trends: Urbanization, Aging Populations, and Declining Household Sizes -- Projecting Changes in the Human Population -- Conclusion: Defensive Environmentalist Practices and Population Declines in Affluent Societies -- 6 Choosing Foods, Saving Soils -- Introduction -- Defensive Environmentalist Rationales for Food Choices and Farming Techniques -- The Spread of Alternative Agricultures: An Historical Account -- Organic Agriculture -- Conservation Agriculture -- What Has Driven the Conversions to Alternative Agricultural Practices? -- Organic Foods, Organic Agriculture, and Farmers' Markets -- Conservation Agricultures -- Alternative Agriculture: A Social Movement with Transformative Potential? -- 7 Removing Rubbish, Recovering Resources, Creating Inequalities -- Introduction -- Waste, Urbanization, and the Rise of Recycling: Historical Patterns -- 1. One American Suburbs Solid Waste and Recycling Story -- 2. International Patterns -- 3. Global Dynamics in Resource Recovery -- The Driving Forces Behind Recycling -- Environmental Inequalities and the Environmental Justice Movement -- Conclusion: Resource Recovery in Historical Perspective -- 8 Saving Money, Conserving Energy -- Introduction -- Jevons Paradox: Global Trends in Energy Efficiency and Energy Consumption -- Same Old, Same Old: Real Estate Developers, Communities of Practice, and a Continuing Reliance on Fossil Fuels -- Globalization, Moments of Ecological Modernization, and Defensive Environmental Practices -- Conclusion: Production, Pollution, and Defensive Environmentalist Practices in China -- 9 Focusing Events, Altruistic Environmentalists, and the Environmental Movement -- Introduction: What Are Focusing Events? -- Focusing Events, Common Fate, and Altruistic Environmentalists. , The Big Bang Theory of Environmental Reform -- The Local (Defensive) and Global (Altruistic) Environmental Dynamic -- Hurricane Katrina and the Wal-Mart Sustainability Initiative -- Conclusion: Focusing Events and the Historical Accumulation of Defensive Environmentalist Practices -- 10 A Sustainable Development State? -- Introduction -- The East Asian Developmental State: A Model for the Sustainable Development State? -- The Link between Brazils Domestic and International Environmental Politics: Deforestation and a Global Forest Compact -- 11 Conclusion -- The Argument -- Questions for Further Research -- References -- Index.
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  • 3
    ISSN: 1365-2958
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Type 4 pili produced by the pathogenic Neisseria species constitute primary determinants for the adherence to host tissues. In addition to the major pilin subunit (PilE), neisserial pili contain the variable PilC proteins represented by two variant gene copies in most pathogenic Neisseria isolates. Based upon structural differences in the conserved regions of PilE, two pilus classes can be distinguished in Neisseria meningitidis. For class I pili found in both Neisseria gonorrhoeae and N. meningitidis, PilC proteins have been implicated in pilus assembly, natural transformation competence and adherence to epithelial cells. In this study, we used primers specific for the pilC2 gene of N. gonorrhoeae strain MS11 to amplify, by the polymerase chain reaction, and clone a homologous pilC gene from N. meningitidis strain A1493 which produces class II pili. This gene was sequenced and the deduced amino acid sequence showed 75.4% and 73.8% identity with the gonococcal PilC1 and PilC2, respectively. These values match the identity value of 74.1% calculated for the two N. gonorrhoeae MS11 PilC proteins, indicating a horizontal relationship between the N. gonorrhoeae and N. meningitidispilC genes. We provide evidence that PilC functions in meningococcal class II pilus assembly and adherence. Furthermore, expression of the cloned N. meningitidis pilC gene in a gonococcal pilC1,2 mutant restores pilus assembly, adherence to ME-180 epithelial cells, and transformation competence to the wild-type level. Thus, PilC proteins exhibit indistinguishable functions in the context of class I and class II pili.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 4
    ISSN: 1365-2958
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Porin (PorB), the major outer membrane protein of Neisseria gonorrhoeae, has been implicated in pathogenesis previously. However, the fact that porin deletion mutants are not viable has complicated investigations. Here, we describe a method of manipulating the porin gene site-specifically. N. gonorrhoeae MS11, which harbours the porB1B (P.1B) porin allele, was used to generate mutants carrying deletions in the surface loops 1 and 5. An 11-amino-acid deletion in loop 1 impaired Opa50-dependent invasion into human Chang epithelial cells, whereas loop 5 deletion exhibited no apparent phenotype. In a second approach, the complete gonococcal porB1B was replaced by the porBNla gene of Neisseria lactamica. Such mutants were unable to induce efficient uptake by epithelial cells but induced an enhanced respiratory response in HL60 phagocytic cells. The increased respiratory burst was accompanied by an enhanced phagocytic uptake of the mutant compared with the wild-type strain. Our data extend previous evidence for multiple central functions of PorB in the infection process.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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