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  • 1
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    Prevalence and risk factors for diabetic retinopathy in a high-risk Chinese population (2013)
    BioMed Central
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    Publication Date: 2013-07-06
    Description: Background: Lifestyle plays an important role in the development of diabetic retinopathy. The lifestyle in Guangzhou is different from other cities in China as the Cantonese prefer eating rice porridge, but not spicy foods. The objectives of this study were to investigate the prevalence and determinants of diabetic retinopathy in a high-risk population of Guangzhou. Methods: Subjects (619 totals) aged over 45 years old, without known diabetes were recruited from five randomly selected Guangzhou communities in 2009--2010. All participants were invited to complete the Finnish Diabetes Risk Score (FINDRISC) questionnaire. Subjects with FINDRISC score 〉= 9 were included in the study, and underwent an investigation of demographic data, a standardized physical examination, ocular fundus examination, and laboratory analyses. The minimum criterion for diagnosis of diabetic retinopathy was the presence of at least one microaneurysm. Results: Of 619 subjects, 208 eligible subjects (122 women) with FINDRISC score 〉= 9 were included in the study. The mean age was 69.2 +/- 8.5 years. Diabetic retinopathy was detected in 31 subjects, and the prevalence of diabetic retinopathy in subjects with high risk for diabetes was 14.9%. In binary logistic regression analysis, risk factors associated with diabetic retinopathy were history of impaired glucose regulation [odds ratio (OR), 7.194; 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.083, 47.810], higher hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c; OR, 2.912; 95% CI: 1.009, 8.402), higher two-hour postprandial plasma glucose level (OR, 1.014; 95% CI: 1.003, 1.025), and presence of microalbuminuria (OR, 5.387; 95% CI: 1.255, 23.129). Conclusions: Diabetic retinopathy was prevalent in a high-risk Chinese population from Guangzhou. Histories of impaired glucose regulation and microalbuminuria were strong risk factors for diabetic retinopathy.
    Electronic ISSN: 1471-2458
    Topics: Medicine
    Published by BioMed Central
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  • 2
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    Prevalence of obesity and overweight among Chinese children with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder: a survey in Zhejiang Province, China (2013)
    BioMed Central
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    Publication Date: 2013-05-11
    Description: Background: Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) is often comorbid with psychiatric and developmental disorders. This study aimed to investigate the prevalence of obesity and overweight among Chinese children with ADHD, and to explore which subtypes of the disorder may specifically be associated with obesity/overweight. Methods: Children meeting the DSM-IV criteria for ADHD were enrolled in the study. Weight, weight z-score, height, height z-score, BMI, and BMI z-score were used to evaluate growth status. Obesity and overweight were determined using the National Growth Reference for Chinese Children and Adolescents. Relations between the prevalence of obesity/overweight and different ADHD subtypes and pubertal development were analyzed. Results: A total of 158 children with ADHD (mean age: 9.2 years) were recruited for the study. The prevalences of obesity, overweight, and combined obesity/overweight were 12.0%, 17.1%, and 29.1%, respectively, which were significantly higher than in the general Chinese population (2.1%, 4.5%, and 6.6%, respectively). Multivariable analysis showed that the children with the combined subtype of ADHD and the onset of puberty were at a higher risk of becoming obese or overweight. Conclusions: The prevalence of obesity in Chinese children with ADHD is higher than that of the general population. Children with the ADHD combined subtype who were at the onset of puberty were more likely to be overweight or obese.
    Electronic ISSN: 1471-244X
    Topics: Medicine
    Published by BioMed Central
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  • 3
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    Significant enhancement of power conversion efficiency for dye sensitized solar cell using 1D/3D network nanostructures as photoanodes (2015)
    Nature Publishing Group (NPG)
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    Publication Date: 2015-03-24
    Description: The single–crystalline TiO2 nanorod arrays with rutile phase have attracted much attention in the dye sensitized solar cells (DSSCs) applications because of their superior chemical stability, better electron transport properties, higher refractive index and low production cost. However, it suffers from a low surface area as compared with TiO2 nanoparticle films. In order to enlarge the surface area of TiO2 nanorod arrays, the 1D nanorods/3D nanotubes sample was synthesized using a facile two-step hydrothermal process involving hydrothermal growth 1D/3D nanorods and followed by post-etching treatment. In such bi-layer structure, the oriented TiO2 nanorods layer could provide direct pathway for fast electron transportation, and the 3D nanotubes layer offers a higher surface area for dye loading, therefore, the 1D nanorods/3D nanotubes photoanode exhibited faster electron transport and higher surface area than either 1D or 3D nanostructures alone, and an highest efficiency of 7.68% was achieved for the DSSCs based on 1D nanorods/3D nanotubes photoanode with further TiCl4 treatment. Scientific Reports 5 doi: 10.1038/srep09305
    Electronic ISSN: 2045-2322
    Topics: Natural Sciences in General
    Published by Nature Publishing Group (NPG)
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  • 4
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    The prognostic significance of lymphovascular invasion in patients with resectable gastric cancer: a large retrospective study from Southern China (2015)
    BioMed Central
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    Publication Date: 2015-05-08
    Description: Background: The focus of this study was to assess the impact of lymphovascular invasion (LVI) on both the recurrence of cancer and the long-term survival of Chinese patients with resectable gastric cancer (GC). Methods: A retrospective analysis of the clinicopathological data for 1148 GC patients who had undergone gastrectomy with regional lymphadenectomy was performed. The primary objective was to assess the correlation between LVI and post-surgery outcomes for each patient. This was done by routine H & E staining for LVI on patients’ disease-free survival (DFS) and disease-specific survival (DSS). Results: LVI was detected in 404 (35.2%) of the 1148 GC patients. The presence of LVI was significantly correlated with the level of CA19-9, the tumor size, the Lauren classification, tumor differentiation, gastric wall invasive depth, lymph node involvement, distant metastasis and an advanced TNM stage. There was a lower DFS and DSS in the patients with LVI as compared to the patients without LVI. A multivariate analysis also identified LVI as an independent prognostic factor of both DSS and DFS. Conclusions: The presence of LVI is a risk factor for the recurrence of cancer and an independent indicator of a poor outcome in GC patients following surgery. The LVI status should be taken into consideration when determining the best approach for the treatment of the individual.
    Electronic ISSN: 1471-2407
    Topics: Medicine
    Published by BioMed Central
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  • 5
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    Crystalline CO2-based polycarbonates prepared from racemic catalyst through intramolecularly interlocked assembly (2015)
    Nature Publishing Group (NPG)
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    Publication Date: 2015-10-17
    Description: Article Crystalline polycarbonates can be formed by mixing enantiopure polymers with opposite configurations. Here, the authors produce crystalline intramolecular stereocomplexed polycarbonates using a racemic catalyst, and show that these display similar properties to those formed by mixing the two enantiomers. Nature Communications doi: 10.1038/ncomms9594 Authors: Ye Liu, Wei-Min Ren, Wei-Ping Zhang, Rong-Rong Zhao, Xiao-Bing Lu
    Electronic ISSN: 2041-1723
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Published by Nature Publishing Group (NPG)
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  • 6
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    Prevalence and risk factors of primary open-angle glaucoma in a city of Eastern China: a population-based study in Pudong New District, Shanghai (2015)
    BioMed Central
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    Publication Date: 2015-10-15
    Description: Background: The aim of the present study was to investigate the prevalence and characteristics of primary open-angle glaucoma among the urban population of Pudong New District, Shanghai. Methods: Three residents’ committees were randomly selected from Pudong New District, and residents aged 50 and older were screened for primary open-angle glaucoma (POAG) from March to April 2011. In remote screening, the tests on visual acuity, refraction, intraocular pressure (IOP), and the photographs of anterior segment and fundus were used to identify POAG suspect. The suspected subjects were then reexamined with the tests on IOP, gonioscopy, Humphrey visual field test, and retinal nerve fiber layer (RNFL) thickness by optical coherence tomography (OCT). POAG was diagnosed according to the criteria defined by International Society for Geographic and Epidemiological Ophthalmology (ISGEO). Finally, POAG risk factors were evaluated using logistic regression analysis. Results: A total of 2528 citizens out of 3,146 eligible residents (80.36 %) participated in this study. Among the citizens, 72 were diagnosed to have POAG, giving the crude prevalence rate of 2.85 % (95 % CI:2.20 %–3.50 %) in general and age- and gender-adjusted prevalence rate of 2.8 % (95 % CI: 2.78 %–2.83 %). Among the 72 POAG patients, only 22 cases had IOP exceeding 21 mmHg while other 50 cases had IOP of 21 mmHg or less; nine cases had one eye blind (12.5 %). Intriguingly, only eight cases (11.11 %) had been diagnosed with POAG before this screening. Conclusions: More efforts are required for early screening and education on POAG in communities, especially in a POAG high-risk population.
    Electronic ISSN: 1471-2415
    Topics: Medicine
    Published by BioMed Central
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  • 7
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    De novo assembly of soybean wild relatives for pan-genome analysis of diversity and agronomic traits (2014)
    Nature Publishing Group (NPG)
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    Publication Date: 2014-10-10
    Description: Nature Biotechnology 32, 1045 (2014). doi:10.1038/nbt.2979 Authors: Ying-hui Li, Guangyu Zhou, Jianxin Ma, Wenkai Jiang, Long-guo Jin, Zhouhao Zhang, Yong Guo, Jinbo Zhang, Yi Sui, Liangtao Zheng, Shan-shan Zhang, Qiyang Zuo, Xue-hui Shi, Yan-fei Li, Wan-ke Zhang, Yiyao Hu, Guanyi Kong, Hui-long Hong, Bing Tan, Jian Song, Zhang-xiong Liu, Yaoshen Wang, Hang Ruan, Carol K L Yeung, Jian Liu, Hailong Wang, Li-juan Zhang, Rong-xia Guan, Ke-jing Wang, Wen-bin Li, Shou-yi Chen, Ru-zhen Chang, Zhi Jiang, Scott A Jackson, Ruiqiang Li & Li-juan Qiu
    Print ISSN: 1087-0156
    Electronic ISSN: 1546-1696
    Topics: Biology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Published by Nature Publishing Group (NPG)
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  • 8
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    Common variants at 10p12.31, 10q21.1 and 13q12.13 are associated with sporadic pituitary adenoma (2015)
    Nature Publishing Group (NPG)
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    Publication Date: 2015-06-27
    Description: Nature Genetics 47, 793 (2015). doi:10.1038/ng.3322 Authors: Zhao Ye, Zhiqiang Li, Yongfei Wang, Ying Mao, Ming Shen, Qilin Zhang, Shiqi Li, Liangfu Zhou, Xuefei Shou, Jianhua Chen, Zhijian Song, Zengyi Ma, Zhaoyun Zhang, Yiming Li, Hongying Ye, Chuanxin Huang, Tao Wang, Wenqiang He, Yichao Zhang, Rong Xie, Nidan Qiao, Huijia Qiu, Shan Huang, Meng Wang, Jiawei Shen, Zujia Wen, Wenjin Li, Ke Liu, Juan Zhou, Lin Wang, Jue Ji, Yin Wang, Hong Chen, Haixia Cheng, Zhifeng Shi, Yuqian Zhu, Daoying Geng, Zhenwei Yao, Weijun Tang, Bin Lu, Li Pan, Yi Zhang, Weimin Bao, Jinsong Wu, Kang Zheng, Yongyong Shi & Yao Zhao Pituitary adenoma is one of the most common intracranial neoplasms, and its genetic basis remains largely unknown. To identify genetic susceptibility loci for sporadic pituitary adenoma, we performed a three-stage genome-wide association study (GWAS) in the Han Chinese population. We first analyzed genome-wide SNP data in 771 pituitary adenoma cases and 2,788 controls and then carried forward the promising variants for replication in another 2 independent sets (2,542 cases and 3,620 controls in total). We identified three new susceptibility loci below the genome-wide significance threshold (P 〈 5 × 10−8) in the combined analyses: 10p12.31 (rs2359536, Pmeta = 2.25 × 10−10 and rs10828088, Pmeta = 6.27 × 10−10), 10q21.1 (rs10763170, Pmeta = 6.88 × 10−10) and 13q12.13 (rs17083838, Pmeta = 1.89 × 10−8). This study is the first GWAS to our knowledge on sporadic pituitary adenoma, and our results provide insight into the genetic basis of this disease.
    Print ISSN: 1061-4036
    Electronic ISSN: 1546-1718
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Published by Nature Publishing Group (NPG)
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  • 9
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    The North Atlantic Oscillation as a driver of rapid climate change in the Northern Hemisphere (2016)
    Nature Publishing Group (NPG)
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    Publication Date: 2016-06-30
    Description: Nature Geoscience 9, 509 (2016). doi:10.1038/ngeo2738 Authors: Thomas L. Delworth, Fanrong Zeng, Gabriel A. Vecchi, Xiaosong Yang, Liping Zhang & Rong Zhang Pronounced climate changes have occurred since the 1970s, including rapid loss of Arctic sea ice, large-scale warming and increased tropical storm activity in the Atlantic. Anthropogenic radiative forcing is likely to have played a major role in these changes, but the relative influence of anthropogenic forcing and natural variability is not well established. The above changes have also occurred during a period in which the North Atlantic Oscillation has shown marked multidecadal variations. Here we investigate the role of the North Atlantic Oscillation in these rapid changes through its influence on the Atlantic meridional overturning circulation and ocean heat transport. We use climate models to show that observed multidecadal variations of the North Atlantic Oscillation can induce multidecadal variations in the Atlantic meridional overturning circulation and poleward ocean heat transport in the Atlantic, extending to the Arctic. Our results suggest that these variations have contributed to the rapid loss of Arctic sea ice, Northern Hemisphere warming, and changing Atlantic tropical storm activity, especially in the late 1990s and early 2000s. These multidecadal variations are superimposed on long-term anthropogenic forcing trends that are the dominant factor in long-term Arctic sea ice loss and hemispheric warming.
    Print ISSN: 1752-0894
    Electronic ISSN: 1752-0908
    Topics: Geosciences
    Published by Nature Publishing Group (NPG)
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  • 10
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    In vivo Optical Coherence Tomography of Light-Driven Melanosome Translocation in Retinal Pigment Epithelium (2013)
    Nature Publishing Group (NPG)
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    Publication Date: 2013-09-13
    Description: Optical coherence tomography (OCT) may revolutionize fundamental investigation and clinical management of age-related macular degeneration and other eye diseases. However, quantitative OCT interpretation is hampered due to uncertain sub-cellular correlates of reflectivity in the retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) and photoreceptor. The purpose of this study was twofold: 1) to test OCT correlates in the RPE, and 2) to demonstrate the feasibility of longitudinal OCT monitoring of sub-cellular RPE dynamics. A high resolution OCT was constructed to achieve dynamic imaging of frog eyes, in which light-driven translocation of RPE melanosomes occurred within the RPE cell body and apical processes. Comparative histological examination of dark- and light-adapted eyes indicated that the RPE melanin granule, i.e., melanosome, was a primary OCT correlate. In vivo OCT imaging of RPE melanosomes opens the opportunity for quantitative assessment of RPE abnormalities associated with disease, and enables longitudinal investigation of RPE kinetics correlated with visual function. Scientific Reports 3 doi: 10.1038/srep02644
    Electronic ISSN: 2045-2322
    Topics: Natural Sciences in General
    Published by Nature Publishing Group (NPG)
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