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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Astrophysics and space science 53 (1978), S. 231-239 
    ISSN: 1572-946X
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Abstract We present an analysis of the reported spectral features of NGC 4151 in X-rays. It is shown that the origin of X-rays from the source is inconsistent with a single production mechanism. We suggest a new two-component model in which soft X-rays arise from the black-body emission of a tiny hot nucleus withT∼2×107 K and the hard X-ray photons are generated in an extended region by inverse Compton scattering of electrons with the infrared photons.
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Cellular and molecular life sciences 16 (1960), S. 461-463 
    ISSN: 1420-9071
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Riassunto Sia la cloropromazina che l'imipramina antagonizzano determinati effetti farmacologici della reserpina. L'effetto antagonista dell'imipramina, che come quello della cloropromazina richiede condizioni sperimentali appropriate ha un più ampio spettro. L'effetto sedativo della cloropromazina è più marcato di quello della imipramina ed è sinergico con la depressione indotta dalla reserpina.
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Cellular and molecular life sciences 39 (1983), S. 855-858 
    ISSN: 1420-9071
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Cellular and molecular life sciences 34 (1978), S. 1465-1466 
    ISSN: 1420-9071
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary A significant diminution in liver arginase activity of chronic renal failure uremic rats is described, thus implying that the experimental finding of an increased urea production is not due to a depressed arginase activity.
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Naunyn-Schmiedeberg's archives of pharmacology 296 (1977), S. 117-121 
    ISSN: 1432-1912
    Keywords: Cerebellum ; cGMP ; Morphine ; Mossy fibers ; Climbing fibers ; Striatum
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary Morphine, dextromoramide (4 μmol/kg i.p.) and vimonol R2 (17 μmol/kg i.p.) in analgesic doses (28 to 112 μmol/kg i.p.) decreased 3′,5′-cyclic guanosine monophosphate (cGMP) in rat cerebellar cortex; morphine also decreased the cGMP content in deep cerebellar nuclei. Intrastriatal but not intracerebellar injections of morphine (20 μg) decreased cerebellar cGMP content. Naltrexone, an opiate receptor antagonist, but not apomorphine, a dopaminergic receptor agonist, blocked the effect of morphine on cerebellar cGMP. Pretreatment with 3-acetylpyridine (3-AP) which destroys the climbing fibers, failed to antagonize the effect of morphine on cerebellar cGMP. These results suggest that activation of opiate receptors in striatum decreases cerebellar cGMP content presumably by reducing activity in the mossy fiber excitatory input to cerebellum.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 6
    ISSN: 1573-0832
    Keywords: Carnivora ; Deep mycosis ; Histoplasmin ; Histoplasmosis ; Sporotrichosis ; Sporotrichin ; Hypersensitivity test ; Simian primates ; Wild animals ; Zoonosis
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Sporotrichosis and histoplasmosis are deep mycosis with a high incidence in human beings in Brazil. In domestic animals histoplasmosis has been described only in dogs, but the occurence of sporotrichosis among domestic animals in Brazil has been described in dogs, cats, mules and asses. There is also a case of this disease reported in a chimpanzee (Pan troglodites). The purpose of this research was to perform an epidomiological study of these mycoses using delayed hypersensitivity tests (histoplasmin and sporotrichin) in Latin American wild mammals. This research was assayed using 96 healthy animals at Parque Zoológico de São Paulo, Brazil: Primates: 33Cebus apella — weeping-capuchin and 16Callithrix jacchus — marmoset; Procyonidae: 37Nasua nasua — coatimundi and 10 Felidae (Panthera onca — jaguar;Felis pardalis — ocelotFelis wiedii — margay;Felis tigrina — wild cat). For intradermic tests, the following antigens were used:Sporothrix schenkii cell suspension (sporotrichin, histoplasmin-filtrate),Histoplasma capsulatum cell suspension (histoplasmin), andHistoplasma capsulatum (polysaccharide). The positivity to histoplasmin was 44.79% (Cebidae 15.15%; Callithricidae 6.25%; Procyonidae 86.49% and Felidae 50.00%, respectively). With respect to sporotrichin, 30.21% (Cebidae 6.06%, Callithricidae 0.0%; Procyonidae 64.86% and Felidae 30.00% respectively). The pattern of infection is similar to that shown by human beings and this may suggest that these animals could be involved in the epidemiologic chain of sporotrichosis and histoplasmosis, the second most prevalent human deep mycoses in Brazil. It is important to point out the absence of similar studies in Latin American wild animals.
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  • 7
    ISSN: 1573-0832
    Keywords: Bovine mastitis ; Mammary gland ; Aspergillus spp. ; Candida spp. ; Cryptococcus spp. ; Penicillium spp. ; Rhodotorula spp. ; Trichosporon sp.
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Abstract The purpose of this study was to isolate fungi from the quarter milk of cow udders from several dairy herds and to identify the different genera and species involved in mastitis. A total of 2078 milk samples from normal, clinical and subclinical mastitis quarters from 22 dairy herds of 16 districts in the State of São Paulo, Brazil was utilized in this survey. Two hundred and fifty one (12.07%) fungi were isolated from the samples. Two hundred and eight of these (82.86%) were yeasts and 30 (11.95%) were moulds. The fungi were isolated in pure culture (24.77%) or in cultures mixed with bacteria (72.22%). The yeasts isolated were:Cryptococcus spp. (71 strains),Rhodotorula spp. (40),Candida spp. (68),Trichosporon cutaneum (21),Aureobasidium pullulans (7), andPichia ohmeri (1). Moulds classified in following genera were also isolated:Aspergillus (3),Penicillium (3),Alternaria (3),Phoma (3),Epicoccum (2), andGeotrichum (16).
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  • 8
    ISSN: 1573-0832
    Keywords: bovine mastitis ; Prototheca spp
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Protothecosis was described in many animals, with bovine mastitis being the main form. The increasing number of isolations of Prototheca spp. from bovine mastitis cases indicates the need of a detailed evaluation of this problem. Besides this, these algae do not respond to treatment with the antimicrobians most frequently applied, leading to elimination of the affected animals, as the best method to control the disease. In two dairy farms in the State of São Paulo, Brazil, a total of 155 lactating cows and 52 dry cows were examined. Milk samples were aseptically collected from lactating cows with clinical or subclinical mastitis. From dry cows, secretion samples from all quarters were collected. All samples were then taken to microbiological exams. At dairy farm 1, Prototheca spp. was isolated from 14.95% milk samples from lactating cows, (all of them cases of subclinical mastitis), and from 8.06% samples from dry cows. At dairy farm 2, Prototheca spp. was isolated from 5.1% milk samples and there were ten cases of clinical mastitis due to this agent. Although clinical mastitis has been considered the main form of occurrence of this pathology until now, it is important to consider Prototheca spp. as subclinical mastitis pathogen. Prototheca zopfii was the main specie isolated. In this study a high rate of intramammarian infections, as clinical or subclinical mastitis during lactation as well as in dry period, was observed, high lighting the importance of suitable diagnosis, so that control and preventive measures can be implemented to avoid dissemination of the agent.
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  • 9
    ISSN: 1432-0614
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Summary Trichoderma reesei QM 9414 was grown on wheat straw as the sole carbon source. The straw was pretreated by physical and chemical methods. The particle size of straw was less than 0.177 mm. Growth of T. reesei QM 9414 was maximal with alkali-pretreated straw whereas cellulase production was optimal when physically pretreated straw was used as substrate. Cellulase yields expressed as IU enzyme activity/g cellulose present in the cultures were considerably higher when alkali pretreatment of wheat straw was omitted. Cellulase yields of 666 IU/g cellulose for filter paper activity (FPA) are the highest described for cultures of T. reesei QM 9414 carried out in analogous conditions. Crystallinity index of the cellulose contained in wheat straw increased slightly after alkali pretreatment. This increase did not decrease cellulose accessibility to the fungus. Delignification of wheat straw was not necessary to achieve the best cellulase production.
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Cellular and molecular life sciences 25 (1969), S. 1140-1141 
    ISSN: 1420-9071
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Riassunto Scimmie scoiattolo trattate cronicamente con MnO2 presentano disturbi del sistema extrapiramidale ed una riduzione delle concentrazioni di serotonina e dopamina nel nucleo caudato. L'intensità dei disturbi extrapiramidali e la riduzione della concentrazione delle amine nel caudato appaiono correlate.
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