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  • 1
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    National longitudinal tobacco product discontinuation rates among US youth from the PATH Study: 2013–2019 (waves 1–5)
    BMJ ; 2023
    In:  Tobacco Control
    Details
    In: Tobacco Control, BMJ
    Abstract: Determine longitudinal tobacco product discontinuation rates among youth (ages 12–17 years) in the USA between 2013 and 2019. Methods The Population Assessment of Tobacco and Health Study, a nationally representative, longitudinal cohort study, was used to determine annual/biennial rates of tobacco product discontinuation behaviours among youth across 2013–2019: (1) discontinuing product use (transition from past 30-day use to no past 30-day use), (2) attempting to quit product use and (3) discontinuing product use among those who attempted to quit. Discontinuing use was evaluated separately for cigarettes, electronic nicotine delivery systems (ENDS), cigars, hookah, smokeless tobacco and any tobacco. Attempting to quit and discontinuing use among those who attempted were each evaluated for cigarettes and ENDS. Generalised estimating equations were used to evaluate linear and non-linear trends in rates across the study period. Results Between 2013 and 2019, biennial rates of discontinuing tobacco product use among youth increased for cigarettes from 29% to 40%, increased for smokeless tobacco from 39% to 60%, and decreased for ENDS from 53% to 27%. By 2018/2019, rates of discontinuing use among attempters were 30% for those who used ENDS and 30% for those who smoked cigarettes. Conclusions Findings show decreasing rates of discontinuing ENDS use among youth in the USA alongside the changing ENDS marketplace and increasing rates of discontinuing cigarette smoking and smokeless tobacco use. Findings will serve as benchmarks against which future tobacco product discontinuation rates can be compared with evaluating impacts of subsequent tobacco regulatory policies, ENDS product development and public education campaigns.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0964-4563 , 1468-3318
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1136/tc-2022-057729
    Language: English
    Publisher: BMJ
    Publication Date: 2023
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2010882-5
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  • 2
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    National longitudinal tobacco product cessation rates among US adults from the PATH Study: 2013–2019 (waves 1–5)
    BMJ ; 2022
    In:  Tobacco Control
    Details
    In: Tobacco Control, BMJ
    Abstract: To report on longitudinal tobacco product cessation rates, by product type, among adults (ages 18+ years) in the USA between 2013 and 2019. Methods The Population Assessment of Tobacco and Health Study, a nationally representative, longitudinal cohort study was used to report on annual and biennial rates of the following three cessation behaviours across 2013–2019: (1) discontinuing tobacco product use (ie, transition from past 30-day use to no past 30-day use), (2) attempting to quit tobacco product use and (3) quitting tobacco product use among those who attempted to quit. Each cessation behaviour was evaluated separately for cigarettes, electronic nicotine delivery systems (ENDS), cigars, hookah and smokeless tobacco. Generalised estimating equations were used to evaluate linear and nonlinear trends in cessation rates across the study period. Results Between 2013 and 2019, rates of discontinuing cigarette smoking among adults in the USA statistically increased from 16% to 18%, though these were consistently lower than rates of discontinuing use of other tobacco products. Similarly, quit attempt rates and rates of quitting among attempters increased for cigarette smokers. However, rates of discontinuing ENDS use sharply declined across the study period, from 62% to 44%. Conclusions Findings show that tobacco product cessation rates have been changing in recent years in the USA alongside the changing tobacco product marketplace and regulatory environment, though rates of discontinuing cigarette smoking remain relatively low. Findings can serve as a benchmark against which future cessation rates can be compared to evaluate the impacts of future tobacco regulatory policies.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0964-4563 , 1468-3318
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1136/tc-2022-057323
    Language: English
    Publisher: BMJ
    Publication Date: 2022
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2010882-5
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  • 3
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Uptake and patient and provider communication modality preferences of virtual visits in primary care: a retrospective cohort study in Canada
    BMJ ; 2020
    In:  BMJ Open Vol. 10, No. 7 ( 2020-07), p. e037064-
    Details
    In: BMJ Open, BMJ, Vol. 10, No. 7 ( 2020-07), p. e037064-
    Abstract: To evaluate the uptake of a platform for virtual visits in primary care, examine patient and physician preferences for virtual communication methods and report on characteristics of visits and patients experience of care. Design A retrospective cohort study. Setting Primary care practices within five regions in Ontario, Canada after 18 months of access to virtual care services. Participants 326 primary care providers and 14 291 registered patients. Interventions Providers used a platform that allowed them to connect with their patients through synchronous (audio/video) and/or asynchronous (secure messaging) communication. Main outcome measures User-level data from the platforms including patient demographics, practice characteristics, communication modality used, visit characteristics and patients’ satisfaction. Results Among the participants, 44% of registered patients and 60% of registered providers used the platform at least once. Among patient users, 51% completed at least one virtual visit. The majority of virtual visits (94%) involved secure messaging. The most common patient requests were for medication prescriptions (24%) and follow-up from previous appointment (22%). The most common provider request was to follow-up on test results (59%). Providers indicated that 81% of virtual visits required no follow-up for that issue and 99% of patients reported that they would use virtual care services again. Conclusions While there are a growing number of primary care video visit services, our study found that both patients and providers in rostered practices prefer secure messaging over video. Despite fears that virtual visits would be overused by patients, when patients connected with their own primary care provider, many virtual visits appeared to replace in-person visits, and patients did not overwhelm physicians with requests. This approach may improve access and continuity in primary care.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2044-6055 , 2044-6055
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2020-037064
    Language: English
    Publisher: BMJ
    Publication Date: 2020
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2599832-8
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  • 4
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Elucidating symptoms of COVID-19 illness in the Arizona CoVHORT: a longitudinal cohort study
    BMJ ; 2022
    In:  BMJ Open Vol. 12, No. 1 ( 2022-01), p. e053403-
    Details
    In: BMJ Open, BMJ, Vol. 12, No. 1 ( 2022-01), p. e053403-
    Abstract: To elucidate the symptoms of laboratory-confirmed COVID-19 cases as compared with laboratory-confirmed negative individuals and to the untested general population among all participants who reported symptoms within a large prospective cohort study. Setting and design This work was conducted within the framework of the Arizona CoVHORT, a longitudinal prospective cohort study conducted among Arizona residents. Participants Eligible participants were any individual living in Arizona and were recruited from across Arizona via COVID-19 case investigations, participation in testing studies and a postcard mailing effort. Primary and secondary outcome measures The primary outcome measure was a comparison of the type and frequency of symptoms between COVID-19-positive cases, tested but negative individuals and the general untested population who reported experiencing symptoms consistent with COVID-19. Results Of the 1335 laboratory-confirmed COVID-19 cases, 180 (13.5%) reported having no symptoms. Of those that did report symptoms, the most commonly reported were fatigue (82.2%), headache (74.6%), aches, pains or sore muscles (66.3%), loss of taste or smell (62.8) and cough (61.9%). In adjusted logistic regression models, COVID-19-positive participants were more likely than negative participants to experience loss of taste and smell (OR 12.1; 95% CI 9.6 to 15.2), bone or nerve pain (OR 3.0; 95% CI 2.2 to 4.1), headache (OR 2.6; 95% CI 2.2 to 3.2), nausea (OR 2.4; 95% CI 1.9 to 3.1) or diarrhoea (OR 2.1; 95% CI 1.7 to 2.6). Fatigue (82.9) and headache (74.9) had the highest sensitivities among symptoms, while loss of taste or smell (87.2) and bone or nerve pain (92.9) had the high specificities among significant symptoms associated with COVID-19. Conclusion When comparing confirmed COVID-19 cases with either confirmed negative or untested participants, the pattern of symptoms that discriminates SARS-CoV-2 infection from those arising from other potential circulating pathogens may differ from general reports of symptoms among cases alone.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2044-6055 , 2044-6055
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2021-053403
    Language: English
    Publisher: BMJ
    Publication Date: 2022
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2599832-8
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