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  • Nature Research  (3)
  • Association for the Sciences of Limnology and Oceanography  (2)
  • Oxford [u.a.] : Pergamon Press  (1)
  • 1
    Book
    Book
    Oxford [u.a.] : Pergamon Press
    Type of Medium: Book
    Pages: VI, 641 S , graph. Darst
    Series Statement: Deep sea research 40,1/2
    Language: English
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  • 2
    Publication Date: 2022-01-31
    Description: The marine iodine cycle has significant impacts on air quality and atmospheric chemistry. Specifically, the reaction of iodide with ozone in the top few micrometres of the surface ocean is an important sink for tropospheric ozone (a pollutant gas) and the dominant source of reactive iodine to the atmosphere. Sea surface iodide parameterisations are now being implemented in air quality models, but these are currently a major source of uncertainty. Relatively little observational data is available to estimate the global surface iodide concentrations, and this data has not hitherto been openly available in a collated, digital form. Here we present all available sea surface (〈20 m depth) iodide observations. The dataset includes values digitised from published manuscripts, published and unpublished data supplied directly by the originators, and data obtained from repositories. It contains 1342 data points, and spans latitudes from 70°S to 68°N, representing all major basins. The data may be used to model sea surface iodide concentrations or as a reference for future observations.
    Type: Article , PeerReviewed
    Format: text
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  • 3
    Publication Date: 2022-05-26
    Description: Author Posting. © American Society of Limnology and Oceanography, 2011. This article is posted here by permission of American Society of Limnology and Oceanography for personal use, not for redistribution. The definitive version was published in Limnology and Oceanography 56 (2011): 37-48, doi:10.4319/lo.2011.56.1.0037.
    Description: Flow cytometric determinations of membrane integrity, nucleic acid content, and respiratory activity were combined with dilution cultures in Waquoit Bay Estuary (Massachusetts) to estimate specific growth rates of total, live, high (HNA), and low (LNA) nucleic acid content and actively respiring (CTC+) cells. Bacterial abundance ranged from 106 to 107 cells mL-1, with live cells generally contributing 〉 85% to total numbers, 42-82% HNA cells, and 3-36% CTC+ cells. Specific growth rates (µ) from all physiological groups were positively correlated, but they showed different temperature dependences, with activation energies ranging from 0.28 (live) to 0.97 eV (LNA). The µ values of live cells (0.14-2.40 d-1) were similar to those of total bacteria (0.06-1.53 d-1). LNA bacteria were not dormant but showed positive growth in most experiments, although HNA cells greatly outgrew LNA cells (µ ranges of 0.28-2.26 d-1 vs. 0-0.69 d-1), and CTC+ cells showed the highest values (0.12-2.65 d-1). Positive correlations of HNA bacteria µ with total and phytoplankton-derived dissolved organic carbon support the previously hypothesized strong bottom-up control of HNA cells. Bacterial production estimated from leucine incorporation and empirical conversion factors agreed well with estimates based on growth rates. HNA cells were always responsible for the largest share of bacterial production in the estuary. The contribution of CTC+ cells significantly increased with temperature in the 7-27°C range, reaching values of 40% at temperatures higher than 20°C.
    Description: This study was supported by the Spanish Ministry of Science and Innovation (MICINN) sabbatical stay program (to X.A.G.M.), National Science Foundation Office of Polar Programs grant 0823101 to H.W.D., and by the Marine Biological Laboratory.
    Repository Name: Woods Hole Open Access Server
    Type: Article
    Format: application/pdf
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  • 4
    Publication Date: 2022-05-26
    Description: Author Posting. © American Society of Limnology and Oceanography, 2011. This article is posted here by permission of American Society of Limnology and Oceanography for personal use, not for redistribution. The definitive version was published in Limnology and Oceanography 56 (2011): 1115-1129, doi:10.4319/lo.2011.56.3.1115.
    Description: We studied trophic dynamics in a warm eutrophic subtropical river (Bremer River, Australia) to determine potential sources of dissolved organic carbon (DOC) and the fate of heterotrophic bacterial production. Sustained high rates of bacterial production suggested that the exogenous DOC was accessible (labile). Bacterial specific growth rates (0.2 h−1 to 1.8 h−1) were some of the highest measured for natural aquatic ecosystems, which is consistent with high respiration rates. Bacteria consumed 10 times more organic carbon than that supplied by the daily algal production, a result that implies that terrestrial sources of organic carbon were driving the high rates of bacterial production. Viruses (1011 L−1) were 10 times more abundant than bacteria; the viral to bacterial ratio ranged from 3.5 to 12 in the wet summer and 11 to 35 in the dry spring weather typical of eutrophic environments. Through a combination of high bacterial respiration and phage lysis, a continuous supply of terrestrial DOC was lost from the aquatic ecosystem in a CO2-vented bacterial–viral loop. Bacterial processing of DOC in subtropical rivers may be contributing disproportionately large amounts of CO2 to the global carbon cycle compared to temperate freshwater ecosystems.
    Description: Thanks go to the Coastal Cooperative Research Centre and the Healthy Waterways Partnership for their funding.
    Repository Name: Woods Hole Open Access Server
    Type: Article
    Format: application/pdf
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  • 5
    Publication Date: 2022-05-27
    Description: © The Author(s), 2021. This article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License. The definitive version was published in Lin, Y., Moreno, C., Marchetti, A., Ducklow, H., Schofield, O., Delage, E., Meredith, M., Li, Z., Eveillard, D., Chaffron, S., & Cassar, N. Decline in plankton diversity and carbon flux with reduced sea ice extent along the Western Antarctic Peninsula. Nature Communications, 12(1), (2021): 4948, https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-021-25235-w.
    Description: Since the middle of the past century, the Western Antarctic Peninsula has warmed rapidly with a significant loss of sea ice but the impacts on plankton biodiversity and carbon cycling remain an open question. Here, using a 5-year dataset of eukaryotic plankton DNA metabarcoding, we assess changes in biodiversity and net community production in this region. Our results show that sea-ice extent is a dominant factor influencing eukaryotic plankton community composition, biodiversity, and net community production. Species richness and evenness decline with an increase in sea surface temperature (SST). In regions with low SST and shallow mixed layers, the community was dominated by a diverse assemblage of diatoms and dinoflagellates. Conversely, less diverse plankton assemblages were observed in waters with higher SST and/or deep mixed layers when sea ice extent was lower. A genetic programming machine-learning model explained up to 80% of the net community production variability at the Western Antarctic Peninsula. Among the biological explanatory variables, the sea-ice environment associated plankton assemblage is the best predictor of net community production. We conclude that eukaryotic plankton diversity and carbon cycling at the Western Antarctic Peninsula are strongly linked to sea-ice conditions.
    Description: This work is supported by NSF OPP-1643534 to N.C., NSF OPP-1341479 to A.M., and NSF PLR-1440435 to H.D. and O.S. (Palmer LTER).
    Repository Name: Woods Hole Open Access Server
    Type: Article
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  • 6
    Publication Date: 2022-05-26
    Description: © The Author(s), 2021. This article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License. The definitive version was published in Jakuba, R. W., Williams, T., Neill, C., Costa, J. E., McHorney, R., Scott, L., Howes, B. L., Ducklow, H., Erickson, M., & Rasmussen, M. Water quality measurements in Buzzards Bay by the Buzzards Bay Coalition Baywatchers Program from 1992 to 2018. Scientific Data, 8(1), 2021: 76, https://doi.org/10.1038/s41597-021-00856-4.
    Description: The Buzzards Bay Coalition’s Baywatchers Monitoring Program (Baywatchers) collected summertime water quality information at more than 150 stations around Buzzards Bay, Massachusetts from 1992 to 2018. Baywatchers documents nutrient-related water quality and the effects of nitrogen pollution. The large majority of stations are located in sub-estuaries of the main Bay, although stations in central Buzzards Bay and Vineyard Sound were added beginning in 2007. Measurements include temperature, salinity, Secchi depth and concentrations of dissolved oxygen, ammonium, nitrate + nitrite, total dissolved nitrogen, particulate organic nitrogen, particulate organic carbon, ortho-phosphate, chlorophyll a, pheophytin a, and in lower salinity waters, total phosphorus and dissolved organic carbon. The Baywatchers dataset provides a long-term record of the water quality of Buzzards Bay and its sub-estuaries. The data have been used to identify impaired waters, evaluate discharge permits, support the development of nitrogen total maximum daily loads, develop strategies for reducing nitrogen inputs, and increase public awareness and generate support for management actions to control nutrient pollution and improve water quality.
    Description: We thank the more than 1,500 volunteer Baywatchers citizen monitors who helped collect this information over 27 years. Since its inception, funding for this program has been provided through grants from the Commonwealth of Massachusetts, the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Buzzards Bay municipalities, private foundations, and members of the Buzzards Bay Coalition. Thank you to Paul Lefebvre for producing the station map. Amy Costa of the Center for Coastal Studies kindly provided data for comparison. Brian Howes of the School for Marine Science and Technology, University of Massachusetts, Dartmouth kindly provided the data for West Falmouth Harbor collected through the Falmouth Pond Watchers program. We thank the Marine Biological Laboratory and the Woodwell Climate Research Center for support to C. Neill, R. McHorney and L. Scott.
    Repository Name: Woods Hole Open Access Server
    Type: Article
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