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  • Springer  (2)
  • Arctic Monitoring and Assessment Programme (AMAP), Tromsø, Norway  (1)
  • IFM-GEOMAR  (1)
  • 1
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    Diurnal changes in seawater carbonate chemistry speciation at increasing atmospheric carbon dioxide (2013)
    Springer
    In:  Marine Biology, 160 (8). pp. 1889-1899.
    Details
    Publication Date: 2018-06-29
    Description: Natural variability in seawater pH and associated carbonate chemistry parameters is in part driven by biological activities such as photosynthesis and respiration. The amplitude of these variations is expected to increase with increasing seawater carbon dioxide (CO2) concentrations in the future, because of simultaneously decreasing buffer capacity. Here, we address this experimentally during a diurnal cycle in a mesocosm CO2 perturbation study. We show that for about the same amount of dissolved inorganic carbon (DIC) utilized in net community production diel variability in proton (H+) and CO2 concentrations was almost three times higher at CO2 levels of about 675 ± 65 in comparison with levels of 310 ± 30 μatm. With a simple model, adequately simulating our measurements, we visualize carbonate chemistry variability expected for different oceanic regions with relatively low or high net community production. Since enhanced diurnal variability in CO2 and proton concentration may require stronger cellular regulation in phytoplankton to maintain respective gradients, the ability to adjust may differ between communities adapted to low in comparison with high natural variability.
    Type: Article , PeerReviewed
    Format: text
    DOI: 10.1007/s00227-012-1965-y
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    OceanRep: Article in a Scientific Journal - peer-reviewed
  • 2
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    An approach for particle sinking velocity measurements in the 3–400 μm size range and considerations on the effect of temperature on sinking rates (2012)
    Springer
    In:  Marine Biology, 159 (8). pp. 1853-1864.
    Details
    Publication Date: 2018-06-29
    Description: The flux of organic particles below the mixed layer is one major pathway of carbon from the surface into the deep ocean. The magnitude of this export flux depends on two major processes—remineralization rates and sinking velocities. Here, we present an efficient method to measure sinking velocities of particles in the size range from approximately 3–400 μm by means of video microscopy (FlowCAM®). The method allows rapid measurement and automated analysis of mixed samples and was tested with polystyrene beads, different phytoplankton species, and sediment trap material. Sinking velocities of polystyrene beads were close to theoretical values calculated from Stokes’ Law. Sinking velocities of the investigated phytoplankton species were in reasonable agreement with published literature values and sinking velocities of material collected in sediment trap increased with particle size. Temperature had a strong effect on sinking velocities due to its influence on seawater viscosity and density. An increase in 9 °C led to a measured increase in sinking velocities of ~40 %. According to this temperature effect, an average temperature increase in 2 °C as projected for the sea surface by the end of this century could increase sinking velocities by about 6 % which might have feedbacks on carbon export into the deep ocean.
    Type: Article , PeerReviewed
    Format: text
    DOI: 10.1007/s00227-012-1945-2
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    OceanRep: Article in a Scientific Journal - peer-reviewed
  • 3
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    Biological mechanism for enhanced carbon consumption in the ocean (2008)
    IFM-GEOMAR
    In:  IFM-GEOMAR Annual Report, 2007 . pp. 37-38.
    Details
    Publication Date: 2018-10-17
    Description: Throughout Earth’s history, the ocean has played a crucial role in modulating atmospheric carbon dioxide through a variety of physical, chemical and biological processes. The same processes are involved in the ocean’s response to anthropogenic perturbations of the global carbon cycle. A key process responsible for about three quarters of the surface to deep-ocean gradient in dissolved inorganic carbon (DIC) is the biological carbon pump. This transports carbon bound by photosynthesis from the sunlit surface layer to the deep ocean. Integrated over the global ocean, the bioticallydriven surface to deep-ocean DIC gradient corresponds to a carbon pool 3.5 times larger than the total amount of atmospheric carbon dioxide. Hence, small changes in this pool, for example, caused by biological responses to ocean change, would have a strong affect on atmospheric CO2.
    Type: Article , NonPeerReviewed
    Format: text
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    OceanRep: Article in a Scientific Journal - without review
  • 4
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    Biological responses to ocean acidification (2018)
    Arctic Monitoring and Assessment Programme (AMAP), Tromsø, Norway
    In:  EPIC3AMAP Assessment 2018: Arctic Ocean Acidification, Arctic Monitoring and Assessment Programme (AMAP), Tromsø, Norway, pp. 15-28, ISBN: 978-82-7971-1
    Details
    Publication Date: 2018-11-09
    Repository Name: EPIC Alfred Wegener Institut
    Type: Inbook , peerRev
    Format: application/pdf
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