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  • American Society of Hematology (ASH)  (4)
  • Blackwell Science Ltd  (3)
  • Nature Publishing Group  (2)
  • Nature Publishing Group (NPG)  (2)
  • The American Association for Cancer Research (AACR)  (2)
  • 1
    ISSN: 1471-4159
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: The ability of cells to control the balance between the generation and quenching of reactive oxygen species is important in combating potentially damaging effects of oxidative stress. One mechanism that cells use to maintain redox homeostasis is the antioxidant response pathway. Antioxidant response elements (AREs) are cis-acting elements located in regulatory regions of antioxidant and phase II detoxification genes. Nuclear factor-erythroid 2 p45-related factor 2 (Nrf2) is a member of the Cap ‘n’ Collar family of transcription factors that binds to the ARE and regulates the transcription of specific ARE-containing genes such as NAD(P)H:quinone oxidoreductase 1, glutamylcysteine synthetase and heme oxygenase. Activation of Nrf2 results in release from its negative repressor, Kelch-like ECH-associated protein 1 (Keap1), and allows Nrf2 to translocate into the nucleus to induce gene expression. In this study, we demonstrate that increasing Nrf2 activity by various methods, including chemical induction, Nrf2 overexpression or Keap1 siRNA knockdown, protects cells against specific types of oxidative damage. Cells were protected against 6-hydroxydopamine- and 3-morpholinosydnonimine-mediated toxicity but not against 1-methyl-1-4-phenylpyridinium toxicity. As oxidative stress is a hallmark of several neurodegenerative disorders, including Parkinson's disease, pharmacological agents that selectively target the Keap1-Nrf2 pathway may provide a novel neuroprotective strategy for the treatment of these diseases.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    ISSN: 1365-2516
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary. Fibrin sealant, which consists mainly of fibrinogen and thrombin, provides rapid haemostasis as well as tissue sealing and adhesion. Commercial, viralinactivated products are available in Europe, Canada, and Japan. Liquid fibrin sealant (LFS) has been used clinically in haemophiliacs to perform dental procedures, orthopedic surgeries, non-orthopaedic surgeries, and circumcisions. LFS use is expected to increase as commercial products will soon be available in the US. Recombinant sources and transgenic animal bioreactor systems will replace plasma-derived products and become the predominant sources for this product in the next decade. Other areas of innovation include the development of fibrin sealant bandages or dressings, expandable foams, and spray powders which will provide the haemophiliac the ability to rapidly attain control of traumatic haemorrhages prior to hospital treatment with a significant reduction in the use of IV clotting factors. Fibrin sealant products have the potential to provide life-saving control of haemorrhage, reduction in factor dependency, lower viral exposure risk, and medical care cost reduction.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Science Ltd
    Clinical & experimental allergy 34 (2004), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1365-2222
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 4
    ISSN: 1546-1718
    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: [Auszug] Sir — The discovery of leptin, a peptide hormone synthesized in adipocytes, has led to the identification of a novel signal transduc-tion pathway involved in the control of body weight1. Several alternatively spliced isoforms (a–e) of the leptin receptor (OB-R) have been cloned from ...
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    [s.l.] : Nature Publishing Group
    Nature 336 (1988), S. 139-143 
    ISSN: 1476-4687
    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Notes: [Auszug] A cascade of protein phosphorylation, initiated by autophosphorylation of the CheA protein, may be important in the signal transduction pathway of bacterial chemotaxis. A proteolytic fragment of CheA cannot autophosphorylate, but can still transfer phosphate to proteins that generate excitation and ...
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  • 6
    Publication Date: 2013-10-03
    Description: Purpose: Non–small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) includes a spectrum of radiosensitive and radioresistant tumors. However, little is known about the molecular determinants of cellular radiation responses. We examined clinical outcomes after gamma knife radiotherapy for NSCLC intracranial metastases to evaluate the use of this model for determining radiosensitive tumor genotypes. Experimental Design: Between 2005 and 2012, 239 patients with NSCLC were enrolled in a prospective gamma knife data repository. Molecular pathology regarding EGF receptor (EGFR), ALK, and KRAS mutation status was available for 81 patients. Local and distant brain control was determined for 79 patients with 469 brain metastases. Modified Cox proportional hazards models were established to evaluate local control for treated lesions after serial gamma knife treatments. Results: In total, 11% of patients developed in-field recurrence. No patients with metastases from tumors with EGFR mutations (0/164 lesions) or EML4-ALK translocations (0/61 lesions) recurred in-field. In contrast, 19% of patients without these mutations and 18% of patients with KRAS mutations recurred in-field (10/139 and 3/105 lesions, respectively). Rates of distant brain recurrence did not significantly differ across tumor genotypes. The predicted median in-field local control was significantly longer for EGFR-mutant and ALK-translocated tumors compared with other patients with NSCLC ( P 〈 0.001), whereas distant brain recurrence time was equivalent ( P = 0.97). On multivariate analysis, EGFR mutation, ALK translocation, and metastasis size were independent predictors for superior local control after gamma knife treatment. Conclusions: This study suggests that EGFR kinase domain mutations and EML4-ALK translocations are radiosensitive NSCLC genotypes, and proposes a novel model to identify radiosensitive subtypes of NSCLC. Clin Cancer Res; 19(19); 5523–32. ©2013 AACR .
    Print ISSN: 1078-0432
    Electronic ISSN: 1557-3265
    Topics: Medicine
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  • 7
    Publication Date: 2013-03-06
    Description: Corals are an ecologically and evolutionarily significant group, providing the framework for coral reef biodiversity while representing one of the most basal of metazoan phyla. However, little is known about fundamental signaling pathways in corals. Here we investigate the dynamics of cAMP, a conserved signaling molecule that can regulate virtually every physiological process. Bioinformatics revealed corals have both transmembrane and soluble adenylyl cyclases (AC). Endogenous cAMP levels in live corals followed a potential diel cycle, as they were higher during the day compared to the middle of the night. Coral homogenates exhibited some of the highest cAMP production rates ever to be recorded in any organism; this activity was inhibited by calcium ions and stimulated by bicarbonate. In contrast, zooxanthellae or mucus had 〉1000-fold lower AC activity. These results suggest that cAMP is an important regulator of coral physiology, especially in response to light, acid/base disturbances and inorganic carbon levels. Scientific Reports 3 doi: 10.1038/srep01379
    Electronic ISSN: 2045-2322
    Topics: Natural Sciences in General
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  • 8
    Publication Date: 2014-12-12
    Description: Lens epithelium-derived growth factor (LEDGF) is a chromatin-associated protein implicated in leukemia and HIV type 1 infection. LEDGF associates with mixed-lineage leukemia (MLL) fusion proteins and menin and is required for leukemic transformation. To better understand the molecular mechanism underlying the LEDGF integrase-binding domain (IBD) interaction with MLL fusion proteins in leukemia, we determined the solution structure of the MLL-IBD complex. We found a novel MLL motif, integrase domain binding motif 2 (IBM2), which binds to a well-defined site on IBD. Point mutations within IBM2 abolished leukemogenic transformation by MLL-AF9, validating that this newly identified motif is essential for the oncogenic activity of MLL fusion proteins. Interestingly, the IBM2 binding site on IBD overlaps with the binding site for the HIV integrase (IN), and IN was capable of efficiently sequestering IBD from the menin-MLL complex. A short IBM2 peptide binds to IBD directly and inhibits both the IBD-MLL/menin and IBD-IN interactions. Our findings show that the same site on IBD is involved in binding to MLL and HIV-IN, revealing an attractive approach to simultaneously target LEDGF in leukemia and HIV.
    Keywords: Immunobiology, Myeloid Neoplasia, Lymphoid Neoplasia
    Print ISSN: 0006-4971
    Electronic ISSN: 1528-0020
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
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  • 9
    Publication Date: 2015-11-10
    Description: MLN4924 induces Noxa upregulation in acute myelogenous leukemia and synergizes with Bcl-2 inhibitors Cell Death and Differentiation 22, 2133 (December 2015). doi:10.1038/cdd.2015.74 Authors: K L B Knorr, P A Schneider, X W Meng, H Dai, B D Smith, A D Hess, J E Karp & S H Kaufmann
    Print ISSN: 1350-9047
    Electronic ISSN: 1476-5403
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
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  • 10
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    American Society of Hematology (ASH)
    In: Blood
    Publication Date: 2016-09-23
    Keywords: Free Research Articles
    Print ISSN: 0006-4971
    Electronic ISSN: 1528-0020
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
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