In:
Journal of Clinical Oncology, American Society of Clinical Oncology (ASCO), Vol. 39, No. 15_suppl ( 2021-05-20), p. 3071-3071
Abstract:
3071 Background: Disparities in cancer screening and outcomes based on factors such as gender, socioeconomic status, and race/ethnicity are well documented. 1 The Circulating Cell-free Genome Atlas study (CCGA; NCT02889978) was designed to develop and validate a blood-based multi-cancer early detection (MCED) test analyzing plasma cell-free DNA (cfDNA) to detect cancer signals across multiple cancer types and simultaneously predict cancer signal origin. Findings stratified by race/ethnicity from the third and final CCGA validation sub-study are reported. Methods: CCGA is a prospective, multicenter, case-control, observational study with longitudinal follow-up (overall N = 15,254). In this pre-specified exploratory analysis from the third substudy, key objectives were to evaluate test performance for cancer signal detection (specificity, overall sensitivity, and sensitivity by clinical stage) among racial/ethnic groups. Plasma cfDNA from evaluable samples was analyzed using a targeted methylation bisulfite sequencing assay and a machine learning approach. Overall, 4077 participants comprised the independent validation set with confirmed status (cancer: n = 2823; non-cancer: n = 1254). The groups stratified by race/ethnicity were White Non-Hispanic, Black Non-Hispanic, Other Non-Hispanic (including but not limited to Asian, Native Hawaiian, Pacific Islander, American Indian, Alaska Native), Hispanic (all races), and Other/unknown. The study was not powered to detect statistical differences between groups. Results: Cancer and non-cancer groups were predominantly White (2316/2823, 82.0% and 996/1254, 79.4%, respectively). Across racial/ethnic groups, specificity for cancer signal detection was 99.6% (White Non-Hispanic: 992/996, 95% confidence interval [99.0-99.8%]), 100.0% (Black Non-Hispanic: 85/85 [95.7-100.0%] ), 100.0% (Other Non-Hispanic: 33/33 [89.6-100.0%]), 98.1% (Hispanic: 101/103 [93.2-99.5%] ), and 100% (Other/unknown: 37/37 [90.6-100.0%]). Despite slight differences in cancer type and staging across racial/ethnic groups, overall sensitivity for cancer signal detection among groups ranged from 43.9% to 63.0% (White Non-Hispanic: 50.5%, 1169/2316 [48.4-52.5%] , Black Non-Hispanic: 53.9%, 104/193 [46.8-60.8%], Other Non-Hispanic: 43.9%, 25/57 [31.8-56.7%] , Hispanic: 63.0%, 121/192 [56.0-69.5%], and Other/unknown: 52.3%, 34/65 [40.4-64.0%] ). For all racial/ethnic groups, sensitivity generally increased with clinical stage (with limited exceptions at Stage IV in some groups with small sample sizes). Conclusions: The MCED test demonstrated consistent specificity and sensitivity across racial/ethnic groups, though results are limited by sample size for some groups. These findings indicate broad applicability and support clinical implementation of this MCED test on a population scale. 1. Zavela et al. Brit J Cancer 2021. Clinical trial information: NCT02889978.
Type of Medium:
Online Resource
ISSN:
0732-183X
,
1527-7755
DOI:
10.1200/JCO.2021.39.15_suppl.3071
Language:
English
Publisher:
American Society of Clinical Oncology (ASCO)
Publication Date:
2021
detail.hit.zdb_id:
2005181-5
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