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  • American Society of Clinical Oncology (ASCO)  (9)
  • 1
    In: Journal of Clinical Oncology, American Society of Clinical Oncology (ASCO), Vol. 38, No. 15_suppl ( 2020-05-20), p. 9537-9537
    Abstract: 9537 Background: Brigatinib is an ALK inhibitor with demonstrated activity against ALK resistance mutations. To evaluate efficacy and safety in Japanese patients with ALK-positive non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), a prospective, single-arm, phase 2 study was conducted. We report the efficacy and safety of brigatinib in patients who have progressed on alectinib with or without prior crizotinib and of those who previously received up to two ALK tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) with or without prior chemotherapy. Methods: A safety evaluation lead-in was followed by an expansion stage of an ALK TKI-naïve and two ALK TKI-refractory cohorts. The refractory cohorts included patients with stage IIIB, IIIC, or IV NSCLC with ALK rearrangements. This report describes efficacy results from the post-alectinib patients in the expansion cohort and safety results from all refractory patients. The primary endpoint was confirmed objective response rate (ORR) assessed by IRC, secondary endpoints included duration of response (DoR), progression-free survival (PFS), disease control rate (DCR), and intracranial ORR (iORR). Brigatinib was administered at 180 mg QD with 90 mg QD lead-in for the first 7 days, and efficacy was evaluated every 8 weeks. Results: A total of 72 patients were enrolled in 28 sites, including a cohort of 47 patients with prior alectinib, with/without crizotinib between January 2018 and September 2019. The primary analysis of brigatinib in this cohort (data cut-off date 26 September 2019) demonstrated an IRC-assessed, confirmed ORR of 30% and a median DoR of 6.1 months. The median PFS was 7.3 months. Clinically meaningful intracranial efficacy was also observed (see table). Grade ≥3 TEAEs included blood creatine phosphokinase increase (18.1%), lipase increase (13.9%), hypertension (11.1%), amylase increase (4.2%), and pneumonitis (1.4%). Brigatinib also showed anti-tumor activity in patients with refractory secondary mutations in the ALK kinase domain, including G1202R, I1171N, V1180L, and L1196M. Conclusions: Brigatinib showed clinically meaningful efficacy in Japanese patients refractory to prior alectinib (first line or post crizotinib), regardless of prior chemotherapy. The safety profile of brigatinib was consistent with prior studies and no new safety findings were identified. Clinical trial information: NCT03410108 . [Table: see text]
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0732-183X , 1527-7755
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    Language: English
    Publisher: American Society of Clinical Oncology (ASCO)
    Publication Date: 2020
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2005181-5
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  • 2
    In: Journal of Clinical Oncology, American Society of Clinical Oncology (ASCO), Vol. 31, No. 4_suppl ( 2013-02-01), p. 187-187
    Abstract: 187 Background: Intraductal papillary mucious neoplasms (IPMNs) are characterized by multifocal and malignant potential represented by an adenoma (IPMA)-carcinoma (IPMC) sequence. Biologically, accelerated cell proliferative activity play an important role in the malignant step to IPMN (IPMC). Here, we investigated the biological significance of clinically available malignant predictive markers (such as diameter of main pancreatic duct, cystic size, and a mural nodule) in cell proliferative activity. Methods: From 2002 to 2011, surgically resected pancreatic specimens of IPMN were obtained from 49 patients (IPMA in 27(55.1%) and IPMC in 22(44.9%) patients, respectively). Median age was 73 years old (range 46-86 year). Men and women were in 31 and 18 patients, respectively. Cell proliferative activity was evaluated by MIB-1 index using Ki67 immunostaininig. Results: The MIB-1 index (20.1%±13.2) in IPMC was significantly higher than that in IPMA (9.0%±6.8)(p=0.004). In the comparison between the groups with high MIB-1 index ( 〉 15%) and low index ( 〈 15%), the diameter of main pancreatic duct in the high MIB-1 index group was and significantly larger than that in the low MIB-1 index group (p 〈 0.05), 9mm (1-27mm) and 4.5mm(2-15mm), respectively. On the other hand, the cystic size and a mural nodule did not show any significant differences between of them. Regarding with the type of IPMNs (main- or branch-duct type), 60.9% of main duct type belongs to the high MIB-1 index group, whereas 19.2% of branch-type was in high MIB-1 index group. Conclusions: An increased diameter of pancreatic main duct showed the positive correlation with the high cell proliferative activity in IPMNs. Mucin production-induced dilatation of main pancreatic may predict the biologically high tumor proliferative activity.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0732-183X , 1527-7755
    RVK:
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    Language: English
    Publisher: American Society of Clinical Oncology (ASCO)
    Publication Date: 2013
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2005181-5
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  • 3
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    American Society of Clinical Oncology (ASCO) ; 2006
    In:  Journal of Clinical Oncology Vol. 24, No. 1 ( 2006-01-01), p. 70-76
    In: Journal of Clinical Oncology, American Society of Clinical Oncology (ASCO), Vol. 24, No. 1 ( 2006-01-01), p. 70-76
    Abstract: Neuroendocrine (NE) tumors of the lung include typical carcinoid (TC), atypical carcinoid (AC), large-cell NE carcinoma (LCNEC), and small-cell lung carcinoma (SCLC). Their clinicopathologic profiles and relative grade of malignancy have not been defined. Patients and Methods From 10 Japanese institutes, 383 surgically resected pulmonary NE tumors were collected. The histologic diagnosis was determined by the consensus of a pathology panel consisting of six expert pathologists as TC, AC, LCNEC, or SCLC on the basis of the WHO classification, and its relationship to clinicopathologic profiles was analyzed. Results Of the 383 tumors, 18 were excluded because of an improper specimen. The pathology panel reviewed the remaining 366 tumors, and a diagnosis of NE tumor was made in 318 patients (87.4%); 55 patients had TC, nine had AC, 141 had LCNEC, and 113 had SCLC. The 5-year survival rates of patients with all stages were as follows: 96.2% for TC, 77.8% for AC, 40.3% for LCNEC, and 35.7% for SCLC. There was significant prognostic difference between TC and AC as well as between AC and LCNEC+SCLC. However, there was no difference between LCNEC and SCLC, and their survival curves were superimposed. The multivariate analysis indicated that histologic type, completeness of resection, symptoms, nodal involvement, and age were significantly prognostic. Conclusion The grade of malignancy of NE tumors was upgraded in the following order: TC, AC, LCNEC, and SCLC. No prognostic difference was noted between LCNEC and SCLC. The high-grade NE histology uniformly indicated poor prognosis regardless of its histologic type.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0732-183X , 1527-7755
    RVK:
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    Language: English
    Publisher: American Society of Clinical Oncology (ASCO)
    Publication Date: 2006
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  • 4
    In: Journal of Clinical Oncology, American Society of Clinical Oncology (ASCO), Vol. 39, No. 15_suppl ( 2021-05-20), p. 9022-9022
    Abstract: 9022 Background: The primary analysis of the J-ALEX (JapicCTI-132316) study for the ALK-inhibitor naïve ALK+ NSCLC demonstrated superior progression-free survival (PFS) in Japanese patients randomized to the ALC, compared with those assigned in the CRZ (HR 0.34, 99.7% CI 0.17–0.71, stratified log-rank p 〈 0·0001) by the Independent Review Facility (IRF) (Hida et al., Lancet 2017). The final PFS and 2nd overall survival (OS) interim analysis (IA) data were subsequently reported (Nakagawa et al., Lung cancer 2020). Here, we report the final OS data. Methods: ALK+ NSCLC (by IHC and FISH or RT-PCR) patients were randomized 1:1 either to receive ALC (Japanese approved dose 300 mg BID, n = 103) or CRZ (250 mg BID, n = 104). Stratification factors included ECOG PS, treatment line, and clinical stage. The primary endpoint was PFS according to the blinded IRF. Secondary endpoints included OS, objective response rate, and safety. Results: After a median follow-up of 68.6 months in the ALC arm and 68.0 months in the CRZ arm, death events occurred in 40.8% and 39.4% in the ALC and the CRZ arms, respectively. Five-year survival rates for patients in the ALC and CRZ arm were 60.85% and 64.11%, respectively. The final OS HR was 1.03 (95%CI 0.67-1.58), however, median OS was not reached in either arm. Of note, patients in the CRZ arm tended to have their treatment switched earlier than those in the ALC arm (median time to treatment-switch: 12.3 months vs. NE). Most of the patients (78.8%) in the CRZ arm received ALC as a 1st subsequent therapy, whereas only 10.7% of patients in the ALC arm received CRZ. Conclusions: In this final J-ALEX OS analysis, prolongation of OS in the ALC arm was not observed compared to the CRZ arm. However, OS result may be substantially confounded since 78.8% of the patients in the CRZ arm received ALC as initial, subsequent therapy. Clinical trial information: 132316.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0732-183X , 1527-7755
    RVK:
    RVK:
    Language: English
    Publisher: American Society of Clinical Oncology (ASCO)
    Publication Date: 2021
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  • 5
    In: Journal of Clinical Oncology, American Society of Clinical Oncology (ASCO), Vol. 37, No. 15_suppl ( 2019-05-20), p. 9092-9092
    Abstract: 9092 Background: The primary analysis of the J-ALEX (JapicCTI-132316) study for the ALK-inhibitor naïve ALK+ NSCLC demonstrated superior progression-free survival (PFS) of ALC compared with CRZ (HR 0.34, 99.7% CI 0.17–0.71, stratified log-rank p 〈 0·0001) by the Independent Review Facility (IRF) (data cutoff, December 3 2015, Hida et al., Lancet 2017) . Here, we report the final PFS and OS 2 nd interim data (data cutoff, June 30 2018). Methods: ALK+ NSCLC (by IHC and FISH or RT-PCR) patients were randomized 1:1 either to receive ALC (300 mg BID, n = 103) or CRZ (250 mg BID, n = 104). Stratification factors included ECOG PS, treatment line, and clinical stage. Primary endpoint was PFS according to the blinded IRF. Secondary endpoints included OS, objective response rate, and safety. Results: After a median follow-up of 42.2 months in the ALC arm and 42.4 months in the CRZ arm, an event of disease progression or death occurred in 54% and 86% in the ALC arm and the CRZ arm, respectively. The final PFS HR was 0.37 (95%CI 0.26-0.52): median IRF-PFS was 34.1 months (95%CI 22.1– not estimated) in the ALC arm and 10.2 months (95%CI 8.3–12.0) in the CRZ arm. HRs for the time to CNS progression or death was 0.33 (95%CI 0.11–0.93) and 0.20 (95%CI 0.08–0.49) with or without CNS metastases at baseline, respectively. The 2 nd interim analysis of OS was still immature (events 30.1% in the ALC arm, 31.7% in the CRZ arm; stratified HR 0.80, 95%CI 0.35–1.82). Most of patients (77.9%) in the CRZ arm received ALC as a subsequent therapy whereas only 10.7% of patients in the ALC arm received CRZ. Proportion of patients with grade 3–4 AEs (37% vs 61%), AEs leading to interruption (40% vs 82%) or discontinuation (12% vs 23%) were lower in the ALC arm than the CRZ arm. There were no treatment-related deaths in either arm. Conclusions: In the final PFS analysis, ALC continued to demonstrate the superiority in IRF-PFS in ALK-inhibitor naïve ALK+ NSCLC regardless of baseline CNS metastases with a favorable safety profile. The updated result of OS will be presented in the future congress. Clinical trial information: JapicCTI-132316.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0732-183X , 1527-7755
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    RVK:
    Language: English
    Publisher: American Society of Clinical Oncology (ASCO)
    Publication Date: 2019
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  • 6
    In: Journal of Clinical Oncology, American Society of Clinical Oncology (ASCO), Vol. 28, No. 10 ( 2010-04-01), p. 1727-1732
    Abstract: The objective of this study was to assess clinical outcomes and fertility in patients treated conservatively for unilateral stage I invasive epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC). Patients and Methods A multi-institutional retrospective investigation was undertaken to identify patients with unilateral stage I EOC treated with fertility-sparing surgery. Favorable histology was defined as grade 1 or grade 2 adenocarcinoma, excluding clear cell histology. Results A total of 211 patients (stage IA, n = 126; stage IC, n = 85) were identified from 30 institutions. Median duration of follow-up was 78 months. Five-year overall survival and recurrence-free survival were 100% and 97.8% for stage IA and favorable histology (n = 108), 100% and 100% for stage IA and clear cell histology (n = 15), 100% and 33.3% for stage IA and grade 3 (n = 3), 96.9% and 92.1% for stage IC and favorable histology (n = 67), 93.3% and 66.0% for stage IC and clear cell histology (n = 15), and 66.7% and 66.7% for stage IC and grade 3 (n = 3). Forty-five (53.6%) of 84 patients who were nulliparous at fertility-sparing surgery and married at the time of investigation gave birth to 56 healthy children. Conclusion Our data confirm that fertility-sparing surgery is a safe treatment for stage IA patients with favorable histology and suggest that stage IA patients with clear cell histology and stage IC patients with favorable histology can be candidates for fertility-sparing surgery followed by adjuvant chemotherapy.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0732-183X , 1527-7755
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    Language: English
    Publisher: American Society of Clinical Oncology (ASCO)
    Publication Date: 2010
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  • 7
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    American Society of Clinical Oncology (ASCO) ; 2017
    In:  Journal of Clinical Oncology Vol. 35, No. 4_suppl ( 2017-02-01), p. 653-653
    In: Journal of Clinical Oncology, American Society of Clinical Oncology (ASCO), Vol. 35, No. 4_suppl ( 2017-02-01), p. 653-653
    Abstract: 653 Background: Natural products constitute a promising resource for drug development including an anticancer drug. Zanthoxylum fruit, obtained from the Japanese pepper plant (Zanthoxylum piperitum De Candolle), and its extract (Zanthoxylum fruit extract, ZFE) is an important component of Daikenchuto, which is a form of Japanese traditional medicine. Recently, we have reported that Daikenchuto has an anticancer activity in vivo, however precise mechanism is still unclear. Therefore, we investigated the potential anticancer activity of ZFE as an inducer of autophagic cell death (ACD). Methods: ZFE powder was provided by Tsumura (Japan). We investigated the effect of ZFE on the morphology of six types of human cancer cells and normal cells by using phase contrast microscopy and electron microscopy. Knockdown of autophagy-related gene 5 (ATG5), which is an essential gene for autophagy, by transfecting small interfering RNA was performed and confirmed by quantitative RT-qPCR and Western blot analysis. Effect of bafilomycin A1 (Baf A1), an inhibitor of vacuolar type H+-ATPases, on the anticancer activity of ZFE was investigated. Western blot analysis revealed LC3-II levels, a marker of autophagy. Results: ZFE caused remarkable autophagy-like cytoplasmic vacuolization with the inhibition of cell proliferation and subsequent induction of cell death in human cancer cell lines, DLD-1, HepG2 and Caco-2 cells but not in A549, MCF-7 or WiDr cells. ZFE increased LC3-II protein levels. Suppression of an ATG5 using siRNA inhibited ZFE-induced cytoplasmic vacuolization and cell death. Moreover, ZFE increased the phosphorylation of c-jun N-terminal kinase (JNK) in cancer cells which can be induced cell death by ZFE and JNK inhibitor SP600125 attenuated both vacuolization and cell death induced by ZFE. Instead, ZFE-induced cell death was neither apoptosis nor necrosis according to the morphological perspective and the marker of apoptosis or necrosis. And normal intestinal cell was not affected by ZFE. Conclusions: ZFE induces JNK-dependent ACD, which appears to be the main mechanism underlying its anticancer activity, suggesting a promising starting point for anticancer drug development.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0732-183X , 1527-7755
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    Language: English
    Publisher: American Society of Clinical Oncology (ASCO)
    Publication Date: 2017
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  • 8
    In: Journal of Clinical Oncology, American Society of Clinical Oncology (ASCO), Vol. 39, No. 15_suppl ( 2021-05-20), p. 9042-9042
    Abstract: 9042 Background: Brigatinib is a next-generation ALK inhibitor with demonstrated activity against ALK mutations. We report primary analysis results with brigatinib in Japanese patients with ALK-positive NSCLC who have not previously been treated with an ALK TKI in the phase 2 J-ALTA study (NCT03410108). Methods: J-ALTA, a multi-cohort study, included a TKI-naive expansion cohort. Patients in the TKI-naive cohort received brigatinib 180 mg qd with 7-day lead-in at 90 mg. Primary endpoint was 12-month progression-free survival (PFS) as assessed by an independent-review committee (IRC). Secondary endpoints included confirmed objective response rate (ORR; IRC- and investigator-assessed); IRC-assessed PFS and duration of response (DoR); overall survival (OS); intracranial PFS (iPFS by IRC); and safety. Results: A total of 104 patients were enrolled in the whole study; of these, 32 patients had TKI-naive NSCLC (median age, 60.5 y; 94% had adenocarcinoma; 22% had baseline brain metastases; 25% received prior chemotherapy). As of September 29, 2020, median follow-up was 14.2 months and 27 patients remained on treatment. IRC-assessed 12-month PFS was 93% (90% CI, 79–98). Confirmed ORR was 97% (90% CI, 84–100) by IRC, with 2 complete responses and 29 partial responses. Median DoR as assessed by the IRC was not mature; median PFS, iPFS, and OS were not reached. In the TKI-naive cohort, treatment-emergent adverse events (TEAEs) were reported in all 32 patients (most common: increased creatine phosphokinase, 81%; hypertension, 59%; diarrhea, 47%). Grade ≥3 TEAEs were reported in 91% of patients in this cohort (most common: increased creatinine phosphokinase, 44%; hypertension, 34%; increased lipase, 19%) and 75% of all patients. Three cases (9.4%) of interstitial lung disease/pneumonitis were reported in the TKI-naive cohort; all were grade 1 and occurred after day 15 of brigatinib treatment. Dose discontinuations/interruptions/reductions due to AEs in the TKI-naive cohort were 0%/94%/66%, respectively, and in the total study population were 5%/72%/41%. AE frequency and profile were similar in the TKI-naive and overall cohorts. Conclusions: In the J-ALTA TKI-naive cohort, brigatinib demonstrated substantial efficacy and manageable safety in the Japanese patient population. Brigatinib remains one of the treatment options in Japanese patients. Clinical trial information: NCT03410108.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0732-183X , 1527-7755
    RVK:
    RVK:
    Language: English
    Publisher: American Society of Clinical Oncology (ASCO)
    Publication Date: 2021
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  • 9
    In: Journal of Clinical Oncology, American Society of Clinical Oncology (ASCO), Vol. 40, No. 16_suppl ( 2022-06-01), p. 9075-9075
    Abstract: 9075 Background: In previous J-ALTA (NCT03410108) analyses, brigatinib demonstrated substantial efficacy and manageable safety in pts with TKI-refractory and TKI-naive ALK+ NSCLC. We report the final J-ALTA results. Methods: J-ALTA was a single arm, multicenter, open-label study that included ALK TKI-naive and -refractory NSCLC expansion parts. The main cohort within the refractory part was a group with alectinib-refractory NSCLC. Primary endpoints: IRC-assessed confirmed ORR in the alectinib-refractory cohort; IRC-assessed 12-month PFS in the TKI-naive cohort. Secondary endpoints included confirmed ORR (IRC-assessed in the total refractory cohort; investigator-assessed in all cohorts); DoR, PFS, DCR, and iPFS by IRC; and safety. Final analyses were performed following last pt last contact. Results: A total of 104 pts were enrolled; 72 had TKI-refractory (56% female; median age, 53.0 y) and 32 had TKI-naive (53% female; median age, 60.5 y) NSCLC. As of 28 July, 2021 (last pt last contact), median follow-up was 24.2 mo in the refractory cohort (alectinib-refractory subgroup [n = 47], 23.0 mo) and 22.1 mo in the TKI-naive cohort. Confirmed ORR was 34% (95% CI: 21–49) by IRC with 16 partial responses (PR) in the alectinib-refractory cohort and 32% (21–44; 22 PR) in the total refractory cohort. In the TKI-naive cohort, IRC-assessed 24-mo PFS was 73% (90% CI: 55–85); median PFS was not mature. Additional efficacy analyses are reported in Table. TEAEs were reported in all 104 pts (most common: increased CPK, 79%; hypertension, 48%; diarrhea, 47%). Grade ≥3 TEAEs were reported in 68% and 91% of pts in the TKI-refractory and -naive cohorts, respectively; most commonly (TKI-refractory/naive) elevated CPK, 24%/50%; elevated lipase, 15%/19%; hypertension, 11%/34%. Pneumonitis was mandated to be reported as an SAE regardless of severity and was the only SAE reported in 〉 5% of pts (refractory, n = 5 [7%; early onset, 1]; naive, n = 4 [13%; early onset, 0] ). TEAEs led to dose interruption/reduction/discontinuation in 63%/31%/7% of pts in the TKI-refractory cohort and 94%/69%/0% in the TKI-naive cohort. Conclusions: Final efficacy and safety results in pts with TKI-refractory and -naive NSCLC were consistent with previous J-ALTA analyses. No new safety signals were observed in either cohort. Brigatinib demonstrated a favorable benefit-risk profile and is an important option for Japanese pts with ALK+ NSCLC regardless of TKI treatment history. Clinical trial information: NCT03410108. [Table: see text]
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0732-183X , 1527-7755
    RVK:
    RVK:
    Language: English
    Publisher: American Society of Clinical Oncology (ASCO)
    Publication Date: 2022
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2005181-5
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