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  • American Society of Clinical Oncology (ASCO)  (12)
  • 1
    In: Journal of Clinical Oncology, American Society of Clinical Oncology (ASCO), Vol. 36, No. 15_suppl ( 2018-05-20), p. TPS9114-TPS9114
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0732-183X , 1527-7755
    RVK:
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    Language: English
    Publisher: American Society of Clinical Oncology (ASCO)
    Publication Date: 2018
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2005181-5
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  • 2
    In: Journal of Clinical Oncology, American Society of Clinical Oncology (ASCO), Vol. 41, No. 16_suppl ( 2023-06-01), p. 8544-8544
    Abstract: 8544 Background: Standard of care for unresectable LA-NSCLC is chemoradiation therapy (CRT) followed by durvalumab (D). Survival curves of P monotherapy/P+C for PD-L1 TPS ≥50% stage IV NSCLC suggested possible comparable survival to CRT for stage III patients (pts). Moreover, some studies of neoadjuvant C+immunotherapy (I) for stage III pts have demonstrated high pCR and MPR rates, implying potentially outstanding efficacy of C+I for earlier stage. We thus hypothesized P+C without RT in PD-L1 ≥50% LA-NSCLC pts provides a comparable efficacy to CRT followed by D while avoiding CRT-induced severe toxicities. Methods: This early report focuses on depth of response in a phase II study by WJOG. P with platinum plus pemetrexed (PEM) (non-squamous) or P with carboplatin plus nab-paclitaxel (squamous) was administered every 3 weeks without RT. After four cycles of induction P+C, P with PEM (non-squamous) or P alone (squamous) was continued until progression or 2 years. The primary endpoint was PFS rate at 2 years. Results: Between May 2020 and February 2022, 21 pts were enrolled. Median age was 74 (range, 53-89). Stage IIIA/B/C included 12 (57%)/6 (29%)/3 (14%), respectively. Histologic subtypes were 13 (62%) adeno, 5 (24%) squamous, and 3 (14%) others. Investigator-assessed best response: 8 (38%) CR; 10 (48%) PR; 2 (10%) SD; and 1 (5%) NE were confirmed, resulting in response rate (RR) of 86% and disease control rate of 95%. RR of TPS 50-79% and 80-100% were 78% and 92%, respectively. Deep response (DR): defined as tumor shrinkage ≥80% was obtained in 12 (57%) of 21 pts. DR was accomplished in 4 (44%) of 9 TPS 50-79% and 8 (67%) of 12 TPS 80-100%. Median time to response was 43 (range, 41-92) days. Early tumor shrinkage (ETS): PR-in at the time of first CT evaluation (6 weeks) was achieved in 16 (89%) of 18 CR+PR pts. At the time of data cut-off, median follow-up period was 18.5 (range, 0.3-29.0) months, and 14 (67%) of 21 pts were progression-free. All 12 pts achieving DR, including all 8 CR were progression-free, also in 14 (88%) of 16 ETS pts. Three pts after local progression received salvage definitive-CRT. Median number of P administrations was 20 (range, 1-35). AEs ≥grade 3 were observed in 11 (52%) pts, including: 2 (10%) pneumonitis; 2 (10%) pneumonia; 1 (5%) diarrhea; 1 (5%) ALT elevation; and 1 (5%) acute heart failure, excluding hematological AEs. There was one (5%) possible grade 5 AE (pneumonia). Conclusions: RT-free P+C exerted a notably high RR, including some CRs. The deeper/earlier response and higher PD-L1 TPS could be associated with the higher progression-free incidence at the data cut-off. To investigate our hypothesis: RT-free P+C can be a less toxic curative option in selected LA-NSCLC pts with PD-L1 TPS ≥50%, further matured data is warranted. Clinical trial information: NCT04153734 .
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0732-183X , 1527-7755
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    Language: English
    Publisher: American Society of Clinical Oncology (ASCO)
    Publication Date: 2023
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  • 3
    In: Journal of Clinical Oncology, American Society of Clinical Oncology (ASCO), Vol. 38, No. 15_suppl ( 2020-05-20), p. 9052-9052
    Abstract: 9052 Background: Until recently, the standard treatment for advanced malignant pleural mesothelioma (MPM) was only cisplatin plus pemetrexed. Nivolumab, an anti-programmed death-1 monoclonal antibody, shows efficacy against pretreated MPM and has been approved in Japan, but the data regarding the efficacy and safety of nivolumab in MPM are limited to those from a small number of patients of the MERIT study. Therefore, it is important to accumulate real-world data on the efficacy and safety of nivolumab for MPM. Methods: We retrospectively analyzed all patients with MPM who received nivolumab at Hyogo College of Medicine Hospital from August 2018 to December 2018. Results: A total of 77 patients (61 males and 16 females) were included. There were 62, 10, and 5 patients with performance statuses of 0–1, 2, and 3, respectively. There were 63, 8, and 6 patients with epithelioid, sarcomatoid, and bi-phasic histologies, respectively. Nivolumab was administered as second-, third-, and ≥fourth-line treatment to 48, 15, and 11 patients, respectively. In 66 patients who were examined for efficacy, the response rate (RR) was 24.2% and the disease control rate (DCR) was 63.6%. By the histology type, the RR and DCR were 15.1% and 62.3% for the epithelioid type, 62.5% and 87.5% for the sarcomatoid type, and 20.0% and 40.0% for the bi-phasic type, respectively. The median progression-free survival (mPFS) was 4.1 months and the median overall survival (mOS) was 13.3 months. Analyzing the efficacy based on the neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) in the peripheral blood, the RRswere 14.7% in the NLR≥3.5 group and 25.8% in the NLR 〈 3.5 group. The mPFS and mOS in the NLR≥3.5 group were 3.1 months and 11.4 months, respectively,whereas those in the NLR 〈 3.5 group were 5.6 months and not reached, respectively. There were no significant differences in the RR, PFS, and OS between the groups, but a trend of better RRs and longer survivals wasobserved in the NLR 〈 3.5 group than in the NLR≥3.5 group. Regarding adverse events, fatigue (grades 1−2) was observed in 8, hypothyroidism (grade 1–2) in 11, renal dysfunction (grade 1–3) in 6, loss of appetite (grade 1–2) in 2, pneumonitis (grade 3) in 1, rash (grade 1) in 2, and hypopituitarism (grade 3) in 1 patient(s). Conclusions: This retrospective study revealed the effectiveness and safety of nivolumab for MPM in the real-world setting.Nivolumab can be used as a standard second-line treatment for MPM. Furthermore, it has been suggested that the NLR may be a predictive marker of the effect of nivolumab for MPM, as pointed out in other carcinomas.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0732-183X , 1527-7755
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    Language: English
    Publisher: American Society of Clinical Oncology (ASCO)
    Publication Date: 2020
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  • 4
    In: Journal of Clinical Oncology, American Society of Clinical Oncology (ASCO), Vol. 31, No. 15_suppl ( 2013-05-20), p. e13569-e13569
    Abstract: e13569 Background: We previously reported MELK (maternal embryonic leucine zipper kinase) as a novel therapeutic target for breast cancer. MELK was also highly upregulated in multiple types of cancer including prostate, pancreas and lung cancers, and plays indispensable roles in cancer cell survival, particularly in the maintenance of tumor-initiating cells. In this study, we attempted to identify novel substrates of MELK and develop the small-molecule MELK inhibitor. Methods: To elucidate the MELK signaling pathway in breast cancer cells, we screened MELK substrates by 2D-PAGE and mass spectrometric analysis, and characterized two of them for their roles in mammary carcinogenesis. Furthermore, we conducted a high-throughput screening of a compound library followed by structure-activity relationship studies. We investigated the growth suppressive effect of a MELK inhibitor OTSSP167 using xenograft models in mice and a mammosphere-formation assay. Results: We identified two novel MELK substrates, DBNL and PSMA1, which plays critical roles in invasiveness of cancer cells and maintenance of mammary tumor-initiating cells. We successfully obtained a highly potent MELK inhibitor OTSSP167 with IC 50 of 0.41 nM. OTSSP167 inhibited the phosphorylation of these two substrates by MELK as well as mammosphere formation of breast cancer cells, and exhibited strong tumor-growth suppressive effects on xenografts of human breast, lung, prostate, and pancreas cancer cell lines in mice by both intravenous and oral administration. Conclusions: Orally administrative MELK inhibitor OTSSP167 is a promising compound to treat various types of human cancer. This compound can inhibit the phosphorylation of MELK substrates and also suppresses the formation of cancer stem cells in breast cancer cells, providing a novel strategy to cure cancer.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0732-183X , 1527-7755
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    Language: English
    Publisher: American Society of Clinical Oncology (ASCO)
    Publication Date: 2013
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  • 5
    In: Journal of Clinical Oncology, American Society of Clinical Oncology (ASCO), Vol. 37, No. 15_suppl ( 2019-05-20), p. 8548-8548
    Abstract: 8548 Background: Since any surgery for malignant pleural mesothelioma (MPM) are cytoreductive, effective chemotherapy is a prerequisite for surgery. In this context, we give neo-adjuvant chemotherapy (NAC) to all surgical candidates. Methods: Hyogo College of Medicine MPM Surgery Program mandates all surgical candidates to receive NAC, and only patients with stable disease (SD) or better response proceeds to surgery. The program comprised NAC followed by extrapleural pneumonectomy (EPP) and hemithoracic radiation until 2012, and NAC followed by pleurectomy/decortication (P/D) and postoperative chemotherapy thereafter. Eligibility criteria are histologically confirmed non-sarcomatoid MPM, clinically resectable stage (T1-3N0-1M0), performance status 0–1, and no major comorbidity. Results: From December 2006 to December 2018, 225 patients were enrolled. Of 225, 24 patients (10.7%, Group A) did not proceed to surgery because of progressive disease (n=23) or serious adverse events (n=2). Of the remaining 201 patients with partial response (n=38, 16.9%) or stable disease (n=163, 72.4%), 19 refused surgery (Group B), 16 received exploratory thoracotomy (Group C), and 165 completed surgery (Group D, EPP58, P/D107). Surgical mortality rates at 30 and 90 days were 1.1% (n=2) and 2.8% (n=5), and surgical morbidity (≧grade 3) was 26.0% (n=47). Median survival time and survival rates of each group were shown in the table. Briefly, 2-yr survival competed among Group B,C and D, whereas 5-yr survival rapidly dropped in Group B and C. Conclusions: Approximately 90% of MPM patients with surgical intent successfully underwent either of EPP or P/D after effective chemotherapy with acceptable surgical mortality and morbidity. Comparison of patients who refused or accepted surgery suggested that surgery contributed to long-term survival. [Table: see text]
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0732-183X , 1527-7755
    RVK:
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    Language: English
    Publisher: American Society of Clinical Oncology (ASCO)
    Publication Date: 2019
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  • 6
    In: Journal of Clinical Oncology, American Society of Clinical Oncology (ASCO), Vol. 31, No. 15_suppl ( 2013-05-20), p. e19010-e19010
    Abstract: e19010^ Background: We often experience the re-challenge of EGFR-TKI on practice. However, it has not been reported which treatment sequence for EGFR-TKI re-challenge will contributes to long-term survival of NSCLC patients. Methods: We extracted information from retrospective cohort of advanced NSCLC patients with the following inclusion criteria: 1) Japanese patients who were diagnosed by October 2010 and treated with gefitinib after July 2002. 2) Performance status (PS) 0-2. 3) PR, CR, or long SD (6 months or more) by gefitinib. 4) Patients who had not received curative surgical operation or radiation therapy. The primary objective was to evaluate the effects of treatment histories on Overall Survival (OS). We also conducted a “Dynamic Treatment Regimen Analysis (DTRA)”. DTRA can be used to compare multiple treatment strategies/sequences in terms of time-to-event data like overall survival time. Results: A total of 335 NSCLC patient details were extracted. Sixty five patients experienced gefitinib re-challenge. There was a statistical difference in OS between gefitinib re-challenge group and non re-challenge group (median OS was 1272 days vs 774 days; p 〈 0.001). We confirmed this result using DTRA, “Gefitnib-Singlet chemo-Gefitinib” treatment sequence extended survival most out of all treatment sequence. Conclusions: This study suggests that gefitinib re-challenge may have significant affects on OS in long survivors after responding gefitinib treatment. Clinical trial information: UMIN000006913. [Table: see text]
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0732-183X , 1527-7755
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    Language: English
    Publisher: American Society of Clinical Oncology (ASCO)
    Publication Date: 2013
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  • 7
    In: Journal of Clinical Oncology, American Society of Clinical Oncology (ASCO), Vol. 30, No. 15_suppl ( 2012-05-20), p. e18141-e18141
    Abstract: e18141 Background: The aim of this study was to evaluate the efficacy and toxicity of a novel oral 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) formulation (S-1), administered according to a tailored dose regimen based on body surface area (BSA) and creatinine clearance (Ccr), in patients with advanced non-small-cell lung cancer who were 75 years or older. Pharmacokinetic analysis was also performed to evaluate the adequacy of the tailored S-1 dose. Methods: S-1 was administered orally for 28 days, followed by 14 days, in 23 patients who received a tailored dose of S-1, adjusted on the basis of individual creatinine clearance (Ccr) and body surface area (BSA). In 8 of the patients pharmacokinetic study were performed on the 5 times points on seventh day after S-1 administration. Results: Of the 23 patients enrolled in this study, 2 (8.7%) had a partial response and 14 (60.9%) had stable disease. The disease control rate was 69.6% (16/23) (95% confidence interval, 50.8-88.4%). Grade 3/4 hematologic and non-hematologic toxicities were minor. In the pharmacokinetic study group the maximum plasma concentration (Cmax) and the area under the plasma concentration curve (AUC) of 5-FU at all 5 times points after administration of the tailored S-1 dose regimen were similar to the values reported in a previous study describing cancer patients with normal renal function who received a standard dose of S-1 (80 mg/m 2 /day). Conclusions: Our results suggest that tailored S-1 monotherapy is safe and therapeutically useful as first-line treatment for elderly patients with advanced and recurrent non-small-cell lung cancer.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0732-183X , 1527-7755
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    Language: English
    Publisher: American Society of Clinical Oncology (ASCO)
    Publication Date: 2012
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  • 8
    In: Journal of Clinical Oncology, American Society of Clinical Oncology (ASCO), Vol. 30, No. 15_suppl ( 2012-05-20), p. e18056-e18056
    Abstract: e18056 Background: Erlotinib and pemetrexed have been approved in second-line treatment for non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) and have different mechanisms of action. Their combination could potentially augment the antitumor activity brought by either agent alone. We investigated the safety in combination of erlotinib and pemetrexed in pretreated NSCLC patients. Methods: A phase I dose-finding study was performed in patients with stage III/IV nonsquamous NSCLC whose disease had progressed on or after receiving first-line chemotherapy. This study was registered as UMIN000002900. Patients received 500 mg/m 2 of pemetrexed intravenously every 21 days and erlotinib (100 mg in Level 1, 150 mg in Level 2) orally on days 2-16. Results: Twelve patients were recruited. Patient characteristics included median age of 66 (range, 48-78), 9 males, 9 stage IV, 7 adenocarcinoma, and 2 activating mutation-positives in the gene of epidermal growth factor receptor. Treatment was well-tolerated and the recommended dose of erlotinib was fixed on 150 mg. Dose-limiting toxicities were experienced in 3 patients: grade 3 elevation of serum alanine aminotransferase, repetitive grade 4 neutropenia that required the second dose reduction of pemetrexed, and grade 3 diarrhea. None experienced drug-induced interstitial lung disease. Three patients achieved partial response and 5 kept stable disease. Conclusions: Combination chemotherapy of intermittent erlotinib with pemetrexed was well-tolerated with promising efficacy against pretreated advanced nonsquamous NSCLC.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0732-183X , 1527-7755
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    Language: English
    Publisher: American Society of Clinical Oncology (ASCO)
    Publication Date: 2012
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  • 9
    In: Journal of Clinical Oncology, American Society of Clinical Oncology (ASCO), Vol. 40, No. 16_suppl ( 2022-06-01), p. 9117-9117
    Abstract: 9117 Background: After OSI failure, various resistant mechanisms such as C797S and uncommon EGFR mutations, or MET amplification have been reported. AFA is an irreversible EGFR-TKI with a potency as pan-HER inhibitor, including high sensitivity to uncommon EGFR mutations. Many clinical studies have also shown a synergy of EGFR-TKIs and VEGF inhibitors. Methods: ECOG PS 0-1 patients (pt) with EGFR-mutant NSCLC were enrolled after OSI resistance. AFA was prescribed at 30-40 mg QD, and BEV was administered at 15 mg/kg tri-weekly until progression. Plasma/histologic rebiopsied samples taken after OSI failure but before enrollment were analyzed to examine resistant mechanisms including gene alterations/copy-number gain using cancer personalized profiling by deep sequencing. Results: Between January 2018 and October 2020, 28 pts were enrolled. Mutation subtypes were: 9 (32%) Del-19; 5 (18%) Del-19+T790M; 5 (18%) L858R; 7 (25%) L858R+T790M; 1 (4%) Del-19+L858R+T790M; and 1 (4%) G719S. Median line of prior OSI was 2 (range, 1-9). CR/PR was obtained by prior OSI in 24 (86%) pts. Regarding AFA+BEV efficacy, one (4%) CR, 4 (14%) PR, and 17 (61%) SD were confirmed, resulting in response rate of 17.9% and disease control rate of 78.6%. Median DoR was 9.0 (range, 4.2-22.3) months. Median PFS and OS were 2.7 (95% CI, 2.0-4.6) months and not reached, respectively. Twenty-eight (100%) plasma and/or 21 (75%) histologic rebiopsies identified: 17 (61%) TP53; 15 (54%) T790M; 9 (32%) uncommon EGFR; 9 (32%) MET; 6 (21%) C797S; 3 (11%) BRAF; 2 (7%) HER2; 2 (7%) KRAS; and 2 (7%) PI3K mutations; or 14 (50%) EGFR; 6 (21%) MET; and 2 (7%) HER2 amplifications. One (4%) small cell transformation was found. Among 6 C797S pts, 1 CR, 4 SD, and 1 PD were confirmed. Three (33%) of 9 uncommon EGFR and 1 (50%) of 2 HER2 mutation positive pts achieved radiographic response. All 15 T790M-positive pts showed no response, but 5 (38%) of 13 T790M-negative pts responded to AFA+BEV. None (0%) of six pts with EGFR downstream signaling mutations such as BRAF, KRAS, or PI3K responded. Five (50%) of 10 pts without T790M/BRAF/KRAS/PIK3 mutations exhibited confirmed response. FAT1 mutation was found in two (40%) of 5 responded pts. Dose reduction/interruption of AFA was performed in 15 (54%) pts. Median number of BEV administrations was 4 (range, 1-32). There were neither TRD nor ILD. Adverse events ≥grade 3: hypertension (29%); proteinuria (7%); diarrhea (7%); and rash (4%) were observed. One (4%) grade 4 duodenal perforation was reported. Conclusions: AFA+BEV after OSI resistance demonstrated moderate efficacy and favorable safety. A small portion of C797S pts exhibited the sensitivity. Higher potency was suggested in T790M/BRAF/KRAS/PIK3 mutation-negative and uncommon EGFR/HER2 mutation-positive pts. Selected population could obtain clinical benefit from AFA+BEV, based on rebiopsy results after OSI resistance. Clinical trial information: UMIN000030545.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0732-183X , 1527-7755
    RVK:
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    Language: English
    Publisher: American Society of Clinical Oncology (ASCO)
    Publication Date: 2022
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  • 10
    In: Journal of Clinical Oncology, American Society of Clinical Oncology (ASCO), Vol. 30, No. 15_suppl ( 2012-05-20), p. e18007-e18007
    Abstract: e18007 Background: After gefitinib was approved in July 2002, we experience long-term surviving patients in the actual clinical setting. However, it is not clear how the factors or treatment strategy are contributing to the long-term surviving patients.We evaluated the effects of clinical backgrounds and treatment histories on overall survival (OS). Methods: We extracted information on advanced NSCLC patients with the following inclusion criteria from the medical records: 1) Patients who were diagnosed by October 2010 and treated with gefitinib after July 2002: 2) Performance status (PS) 0 – 2, 3) PR, CR, or long SD (6 months or more) by gefitinib treatment : 4) Patients who had not received curative surgical operation or curative radiation therapy. Primary objective is to evaluate survival time of the patients who responded to gefitinib and clarify the relationship between clinical factors and survival time. We also conducted “Dynamic Treatment Regimen Analysis (DTRA)” to explore key treatment regimen and sequence of regimens contributing to long-term survival. Results: The medical records of total of 275 patients were extracted. 44% (122/275) were EGFR mutation examined and 93% (114/122) has shown the EGFR mutation positive. The mean age was 65 years, 72% (198/275) were women, 66% (182/275) were non-smokers, and 90% (247/275) had adenocarcinoma histology. 20% (54/275) and 21% (58/275) underwent re-administration and beyond PD administration of gefitinib respectively. Median survival time (MST) was 615 day (95% C.I; 519-691). 10% patients survived for more than 5 years. The multivariate Cox analysis demonstrated that sex (p=0.0108) and gefitinib re-administration (p=0.0012) were significant independent factors for long-term OS. Grade 3/4 interstitial lung disease, skin, diarrhea, and liver dysfunction were observed in 1.5%, 4.4%, 1.1%, and 13.1% of the patients, respectively. Conclusions: This study suggests that sex and gefitinib re-administration, may have significant affects on OS in long survivors after responding gefitinib treatment.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0732-183X , 1527-7755
    RVK:
    RVK:
    Language: English
    Publisher: American Society of Clinical Oncology (ASCO)
    Publication Date: 2012
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2005181-5
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