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  • American Society of Clinical Oncology (ASCO)  (9)
  • 1
    In: Journal of Clinical Oncology, American Society of Clinical Oncology (ASCO), Vol. 41, No. 16_suppl ( 2023-06-01), p. TPS5117-TPS5117
    Abstract: TPS5117 Background: PRL-02 is a long-acting IM depot injection of abiraterone decanoate, a novel prodrug of abiraterone delivered through the lymphatic system. PRL-02 potently blocks androgen production with minimal increases in mineralocorticoids or decreases in glucocorticoids through preferential inhibition of Cytochrome P450 (CYP)17 lyase versus CYP17 hydroxylase. Phase 1 is a standard 3+3 design intended to identify a recommended Phase 2 dose (RP2D). PRL-02 is administered every 84 days (1 cycle). As of 9/8/22, 17 pts (6 mCRPC, 11 mCSPC) were treated across 5 dose cohorts (180, 360, 720, 1260, 1800mg). At 720mg and above, 9 of 11 had a 90% reduction in testosterone (T), including 2 pts with T≤ Lower Limit of Quantitation (LLOQ) of 0.1ng/dL. A PSA decline of ≥50% from baseline (PSA50) was observed in 8 of 10pts. PRL-02 was very well tolerated. Only minimal and transient changes in ‘upstream’ steroids (e.g., progesterone) were observed at doses of 1260 mg (the RP2D) and lower. Methods: Phase 2a is an A'Hern single-stage design. Group 1 includes pts with mCSPC divided into 2 groups (1A: previously untreated high-volume disease and 1B: previously untreated, low-volume disease). Group 2 includes pts with mCRPC. Enrollment of 66 pts is planned across 30 sites in the U.S. (NCT04729114). Patient populations, interventions and study design are described below. Clinical trial information: Clinical Trial information: NCT04729114 . [Table: see text]
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0732-183X , 1527-7755
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    Language: English
    Publisher: American Society of Clinical Oncology (ASCO)
    Publication Date: 2023
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2005181-5
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  • 2
    In: Journal of Clinical Oncology, American Society of Clinical Oncology (ASCO), Vol. 37, No. 16 ( 2019-06-01), p. 1403-1411
    Abstract: Waldenström macroglobulinemia (WM) is preceded by asymptomatic WM (AWM), for which the risk of progression to overt disease is not well defined. METHODS We studied 439 patients with AWM, who were diagnosed and observed at Dana-Farber Cancer Institute between 1992 and 2014. RESULTS During the 23-year study period, with a median follow-up of 7.8 years, 317 patients progressed to symptomatic WM (72%). Immunoglobulin M 4,500 mg/dL or greater, bone marrow lymphoplasmacytic infiltration 70% or greater, β2-microglobulin 4.0 mg/dL or greater, and albumin 3.5 g/dL or less were all identified as independent predictors of disease progression. To assess progression risk in patients with AWM, we trained and cross-validated a proportional hazards model using bone marrow infiltration, immunoglobulin M, albumin, and beta-2 microglobulin values as continuous measures. The model divided the cohort into three distinct risk groups: a high-risk group with a median time to progression (TTP) of 1.8 years, an intermediate-risk group with a median TTP of 4.8 years, and a low-risk group with a median TTP of 9.3 years. We validated this model in two external cohorts, demonstrating robustness and generalizability. For clinical applicability, we made the model available as a Web page application ( www.awmrisk.com ). By combining two cohorts, we were powered to identify wild type MYD88 as an independent predictor of progression (hazard ratio, 2.7). CONCLUSION This classification system is positioned to inform patient monitoring and care and, for the first time to our knowledge, to identify patients with high-risk AWM who may need closer follow-up or benefit from early intervention.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0732-183X , 1527-7755
    RVK:
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    Language: English
    Publisher: American Society of Clinical Oncology (ASCO)
    Publication Date: 2019
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2005181-5
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  • 3
    In: Journal of Clinical Oncology, American Society of Clinical Oncology (ASCO), Vol. 41, No. 6_suppl ( 2023-02-20), p. 141-141
    Abstract: 141 Background: PRL-02 (abiraterone decanoate) is a novel, long-acting IM depot prodrug of abiraterone. In non-clinical models, PRL-02 provided high and durable concentrations of prodrug and abiraterone to target tissues including adrenal glands, lymph nodes and bone. Single doses of PRL-02 suppressed testosterone (T) through 14 weeks in a castrate monkey model to concentrations comparable to oral abiraterone acetate (AA) with lower and less variable plasma abiraterone exposures. Clinically, PRL-02 blocks androgens with minimal increases in mineralocorticoids or depletion of glucocorticoids via inhibition of CYP17 lyase and minimal inhibition of CYP17 hydroxylase. PRL-02 has the potential for a superior therapeutic index and safety profile compared to oral AA. Methods: Phase 1 is a standard 3+3 design intended to identify a recommended phase 2 dose (RP2D). Pts with metastatic castrate resistant or sensitive prostate cancer (mCRPC/mCSPC) and a screening T of 2 - 50 ng/dL were administered IM PRL-02 every 12 weeks with daily oral dexamethasone. Results: As of 8Sep22, 17 pts (6 mCRPC, 11 mCSPC) were treated across 5 dose cohorts (180, 360, 720, 1260, 1800mg). Generally, there was a dose-proportional increase in abiraterone concentrations following a single dose of PRL-02 with a Tmax of 14 - 28 days and a plasma half-life of 18.3 days. The median baseline T level was 7.45ng/dL. Among pts dosed at 720mg and above, 9 of 11 had a 90% reduction in T or values ≤ 1ng/dL at day 28, including 2 pts with T≤LLOQ of 0.1 ng/dL, and PSA50 responses were observed in 8 of 10 with post-baseline results. There were no treatment related serious adverse events (AEs) or dose limiting toxicities. G3 AEs related to PRL-02 included hip and shoulder pain. G2 related AEs included fatigue, decreased appetite, insomnia and hot flush; symptoms of mineralocorticoid excess were not reported. Minimal and transient changes in ‘up-stream’ steroids (e.g., progesterone (P) and corticosterone (C)) were observed through the 1800mg dose. Although serial radiology was not prospectively required, there was radiographic improvement in 6 pts with data available. Conclusions: PRL-02 was well tolerated. Dose-dependent T suppression was associated with clinical benefit including PSA responses and radiographic improvement. Based on a historical comparison, the levels of P and C are significantly lower than seen with AA + prednisone which appear to be due to greater CYP17 lyase selectivity. The 1260mg or 1800mg dose will be the RP2D. Clinical trial information: NCT04729114 . [Table: see text]
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0732-183X , 1527-7755
    RVK:
    RVK:
    Language: English
    Publisher: American Society of Clinical Oncology (ASCO)
    Publication Date: 2023
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2005181-5
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  • 4
    In: Journal of Clinical Oncology, American Society of Clinical Oncology (ASCO), Vol. 38, No. 21 ( 2020-07-20), p. 2380-2389
    Abstract: Smoldering multiple myeloma (SMM) is a precursor condition of multiple myeloma (MM) with a 10% annual risk of progression. Various prognostic models exist for risk stratification; however, those are based on solely clinical metrics. The discovery of genomic alterations that underlie disease progression to MM could improve current risk models. METHODS We used next-generation sequencing to study 214 patients with SMM. We performed whole-exome sequencing on 166 tumors, including 5 with serial samples, and deep targeted sequencing on 48 tumors. RESULTS We observed that most of the genetic alterations necessary for progression have already been acquired by the diagnosis of SMM. Particularly, we found that alterations of the mitogen-activated protein kinase pathway ( KRAS and NRAS single nucleotide variants [SNVs]), the DNA repair pathway (deletion 17p, TP53, and ATM SNVs), and MYC (translocations or copy number variations) were all independent risk factors of progression after accounting for clinical risk staging. We validated these findings in an external SMM cohort by showing that patients who have any of these three features have a higher risk of progressing to MM. Moreover, APOBEC associated mutations were enriched in patients who progressed and were associated with a shorter time to progression in our cohort. CONCLUSION SMM is a genetically mature entity whereby most driver genetic alterations have already occurred, which suggests the existence of a right-skewed model of genetic evolution from monoclonal gammopathy of undetermined significance to MM. We identified and externally validated genomic predictors of progression that could distinguish patients at high risk of progression to MM and, thus, improve on the precision of current clinical models.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0732-183X , 1527-7755
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    Language: English
    Publisher: American Society of Clinical Oncology (ASCO)
    Publication Date: 2020
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  • 5
    In: Journal of Clinical Oncology, American Society of Clinical Oncology (ASCO), Vol. 36, No. 15_suppl ( 2018-05-20), p. TPS11586-TPS11586
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0732-183X , 1527-7755
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    Language: English
    Publisher: American Society of Clinical Oncology (ASCO)
    Publication Date: 2018
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  • 6
    In: Journal of Clinical Oncology, American Society of Clinical Oncology (ASCO), Vol. 38, No. 15_suppl ( 2020-05-20), p. 11552-11552
    Abstract: 11552 Background: Kaposi sarcoma herpesvirus (KSHV, also known as human herpesvirus 8 [HHV-8]), is the causative agent of Kaposi sarcoma (KS), a multicentric angioproliferative tumor, a form of multicentric Castleman disease (KSHV-MCD), and KSHV inflammatory cytokine syndrome (KICS). KS can be difficult to treat when it occurs with KSHV-MCD or KICS; resulting in high mortality rates. Liposomal doxorubicin (LD) is an FDA-approved treatment for KS. Pomalidomide, an oral immunomodulatory drug, is safe and has demonstrated activity in KS, but the activity of the combination (pomalidomide+LD) in KS alone or with KSHV-associated diseases is unknown. Methods: The primary objective was to evaluate safety and tolerability of pomalidomide+LD in two groups of patients with KS requiring systemic therapy: Group I (GI)- KS alone; Group II (GII)- KS with concurrent KSHV-MCD or KICS. Patients received LD at 20 mg/m 2 intravenously on day 1 of a 28-day cycle combined with pomalidomide once daily on days 1 to 21 at escalating dose levels (DL) (I - 2mg, II - 3mg, or III- 4mg) in a 3+3 design until plateau of response or other pre-specified criteria. Patients received 81mg of aspirin daily as thromboprophylaxis. KS responses were evaluated using the modified AIDS Clinical Trial Group criteria. Results: Thirty-four cisgender men, all with T1-stage KS [21 patients (62%) in GI and 13 patients (38%) in GII] were treated; 32 (94%) were HIV-infected and 22 (65%) had prior chemotherapy for KS (15/21 GI and 7/13 GII). There were no dose-limiting toxicities (DLTs) at DLIII for GI, and additional patients were treated at DLIII. In GII, grade 3 rash and pharyngeal edema were DLTs observed at 3mg of pomalidomide. Overall a median of 6 cycles were administered; the most common grade 3/4 toxicity was neutropenia. Among evaluable patients receiving 〉 2 cycles,17/21 patients in GI had a response (all partial) (81% [95% confidence interval (CI) 58-95%]) and 5/10 patients in GII had a respon se (4 partial and 1 complete) (50% [95% CI 19-81%]). Conclusions: Pomalidomide+LD was well-tolerated and active in heavily pretreated patients with KS alone. In patients with KS and other KSHV-associated diseases, activity was noted but less well-tolerated. Clinical trial information: NCT02659930 .
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0732-183X , 1527-7755
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    Language: English
    Publisher: American Society of Clinical Oncology (ASCO)
    Publication Date: 2020
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  • 7
    In: Journal of Clinical Oncology, American Society of Clinical Oncology (ASCO), Vol. 41, No. 16_suppl ( 2023-06-01), p. 11519-11519
    Abstract: 11519 Background: Recurrent ES carries a poor prognosis, and systemic therapies have limited efficacy. Preclinical models suggested that trabectedin (T) could achieve serum concentrations high enough to suppress the dominant oncogene of ES (i.e. EWS::FLI1 transcription factor), and that this effect is sustained by subsequent administration of low dose irinotecan (I). We conducted a phase I study of T+I in patients (pts) with ES. Methods: This multicenter dose escalation study employed a standard 3+3 design. T was given as a 1-h infusion on day (D)1 with low dose I intravenously on D2 and 4 of a 21D cycle. Dose limiting toxicities (DLTs) were evaluated in cycle one. Eligibility required confirmed EWS::FLI1 fusion transcript, age ≥10 years, ECOG performance status ≤2, adequate organ function and willing to have a research biopsy if safely accessible. Primary objectives were to determine the recommended dose (RD) and safety of T+I. Secondary objectives comprised efficacy of T+I and avidity of ES for 3'-Deoxy-3'- 18 F Fluorothymidine ( 18 F-FLT) PET. Results: 20 pts enrolled from 1/2021-12/2022 across 5 sites, 5F/15M, median age 18 years (range 10-59). Pts had received a median of 4 (range 2-9) prior therapy lines including irinotecan in 60% of pts. Grade (G) 3/4 treatment-emergent adverse events (TEAEs) occurring in ≥10% of pts were: elevated ALT/AST, elevated creatinine phosphokinase, febrile neutropenia, anemia, lymphopenia, neutropenia, and thrombocytopenia. There were 2 G5 respiratory TEAEs. 18 F-FLT PET scans were obtained in 5 pts. ES tumors were 18 F-FLT PET avid. Dose level (DL)2 was the RD. At DL 2 and above, there were 4 PRs, 6 SD in 14 evaluable pts (Table). Conclusions: T+I can be safely administered to heavily pretreated pts with ES, demonstrating activity at the RD with 3 PRs (n=5 evaluable). The 18 F-FLT PET may be useful to understand patterns of disease progression in ES. Correlative studies will be critical to understanding the mechanism of drug activity. Given the clinical benefit seen with T+I at RD, a phase II portion in pts with ES ≥6 years old is actively accruing. Clinical trial information: NCT04067115 . [Table: see text]
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0732-183X , 1527-7755
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    RVK:
    Language: English
    Publisher: American Society of Clinical Oncology (ASCO)
    Publication Date: 2023
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  • 8
    In: Journal of Clinical Oncology, American Society of Clinical Oncology (ASCO), Vol. 31, No. 15_suppl ( 2013-05-20), p. 10588-10588
    Abstract: 10588 Background: Kaposi sarcoma (KS) is a multifocal angioproliferative disorder. VEGFR2-3, PDGFR and c-kit are implicated in KS pathogenesis and inhibited by sorafenib (So). KS is commonly HIV-associated. The antiretroviral drug ritonavir (R) inhibits CYP3A4, and may affect So metabolism and tolerability. Methods: We performed a phase I study of So in KS. HIV+ patients (pts) were eligible if on combination antiretroviral therapy (cART) for 〉 3 months with progressive KS or 〉 4 months with no KS regression. Dose level 1 for pts on R-containing cART (R1) was So 200 mg daily, for pts not receiving R (NR1) So 200 mg every 12 hours. Treatment cycles were 21 days. So pharmacokinetic assessment performed cycle 1 day 8. Adverse event (AE) grade (Gr) by CTCAE v3.0 (2006-10) and v4.0 (2011-12). KS response graded by modified ACTG criteria. Results: 10 pts, R1 (8), NR1 (2). Baseline characteristics: median (med) (range) age 49 (35-72), CD4 in HIV+ 500 cells/uL (35, 747), time on cART 9 months (3.5, 27), previous KS therapies 2 (0-5). 9 HIV-infected, 8/9 HIV viral load 〈 50 copies/mL. 6 had KS-associated edema. Med number cycles 4 (1, 13). Common AE at least possibly attributable to So: anemia, AST/ALT elevation, lipase elevation, hypertension, proteinuria, fatigue, infection, voice alteration. Dose-limiting toxicities (DLT): R1- Gr3 asymptomatic elevated lipase (1), Gr4 thrombocytopenia (1, likely due to multicentric Castleman disease); NR1- Gr3 hand-foot syndrome not resolved by week 6 (1). Other Gr 3-4 AE: R1- hand-foot syndrome (1), Gr3 thrombocytopenia (1), Gr3 transient cerebral ischemia (1), Gr3 hypertension (1); NR1- Gr3 hypertension (2). Best response: partial response (PR) (2), stable disease (SD)(5), progressive disease (1), not evaluable (2). Med duration SD 12 weeks (5, 33). 5/6 with KS-associated edema had objective decrease in edema. R was not associated with clear difference in So C Max or AUC at steady state. Conclusions: Preliminary estimate of PR or better is 20%. Even in some cases where KS did not respond, KS-associated edema improved. However, So was relatively poorly tolerated, with DLT observed at R1 and NR1, and these doses did not yield better responses than established therapies. Additional studies evaluating R’s effect on So metabolites are warranted. Clinical trial information: NCT00287495.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0732-183X , 1527-7755
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    Language: English
    Publisher: American Society of Clinical Oncology (ASCO)
    Publication Date: 2013
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  • 9
    In: Journal of Clinical Oncology, American Society of Clinical Oncology (ASCO), Vol. 34, No. 34 ( 2016-12-01), p. 4125-4131
    Abstract: Kaposi's sarcoma (KS) is a multicentric tumor caused by Kaposi's sarcoma–associated herpesvirus. Unmet needs include therapies that are oral, anthracycline sparing, and deliverable in resource-limited settings. We evaluated pomalidomide, an oral immune modulatory agent, in patients with symptomatic KS. Methods The primary objectives were to assess tolerability, pharmacokinetics, and activity. Initial dosage level was 5 mg once per day for 21 days per 28-day cycle, with a de-escalated level of 3 mg if not tolerable, and aspirin 81 mg once per day thromboprophylaxis. HIV-infected patients required controlled viremia with either persistent KS despite 3 months of antiretroviral therapy (ART) or progressive KS despite 2 months of ART. Evaluations included tumor response and health-related quality of life (HRQL). Results Twenty-two patients were treated; 15 (68%) were HIV infected, 17 (77%) had advanced (T1) disease, and 17 (77%) previous KS therapy excluding ART. All were treated with 5 mg because no dose-limiting toxicities occurred. Over 156 cycles, the grade 3/4 adverse events possibly attributable to therapy were neutropenia (23 cycles, 10 patients), infection (1 cycle), and edema (1 cycle). Sixteen patients responded (73%; 95% CI, 50% to 89%): nine of 15 HIV-infected patients (60%; 95% CI, 32% to 84%) and all seven HIV-uninfected patients (100%; 95% CI, 59% to 100%). Median time to response was 4 weeks (range, 4 to 36 weeks). HRQL showed no impairment during therapy and improved satisfaction with appearance at end therapy ( P = .03). Significant increases in CD4 + and CD8 + cells were seen in patients with and without HIV, together with a transient increase in Kaposi's sarcoma–associated herpesvirus viral load at week 4 ( P = .05). Conclusion Pomalidomide is well tolerated and active in KS regardless of HIV status. Responses were rapid, with improved self-reported outcomes, and occurred in advanced and heavily pretreated disease. Correlative studies support, at least in part, an immunologic mechanism of activity.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0732-183X , 1527-7755
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    Language: English
    Publisher: American Society of Clinical Oncology (ASCO)
    Publication Date: 2016
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