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  • 1
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    Controlled Clinical Comparison of bioMérieux VITAL and BACTEC NR-660 Blood Culture Systems for Detection of Bacteremia and Fungemia in Adults
    American Society for Microbiology ; 1999
    In:  Journal of Clinical Microbiology Vol. 37, No. 6 ( 1999-06), p. 1709-1713
    Details
    In: Journal of Clinical Microbiology, American Society for Microbiology, Vol. 37, No. 6 ( 1999-06), p. 1709-1713
    Abstract: A total of 9,446 blood cultures were collected from adult patients at three university-affiliated hospitals. Of these, 8,943 cultures were received with both aerobic bottles filled adequately; 885 yielded 1,016 microorganisms, including 622 isolates (61%) that were the cause of sepsis, 337 isolates (33%) that were contaminants, and 57 isolates (6%) that were indeterminate as the cause of sepsis. With the exception of Staphylococcus aureus , which was recovered more often from VITAL aerobic bottles, more pathogenic microorganisms were recovered from BACTEC NR6 (aerobic) bottles than from VITAL aerobic bottles. Growth of pathogenic microorganisms was detected earlier in VITAL aerobic bottles. A total of 8,647 blood cultures were received with both anaerobic bottles filled adequately; 655 yielded 740 microorganisms, including 486 isolates (66%) that were the cause of sepsis, 215 isolates (29%) that were contaminants, and 39 isolates (6%) that were indeterminate as the cause of sepsis. More pathogenic microorganisms were recovered from VITAL anaerobic bottles than from BACTEC NR7 (anaerobic) bottles. Growth of pathogenic microorganisms was detected earlier in VITAL anaerobic bottles. In 8,500 sets all four bottles were received adequately filled. When paired aerobic and anaerobic bottle sets (systems) were compared, more pathogenic microorganisms (again with the exception of S. aureus ) were recovered from the BACTEC system. For the 304 septic episodes (253 unimicrobial and 51 polymicrobial), significantly more were detected by the BACTEC system. We conclude that VITAL requires modification to improve recovery of pathogenic microorganisms to make it competitive with other commercially available blood culture systems.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0095-1137 , 1098-660X
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1128/JCM.37.6.1709-1713.1999
    RVK:
    XA 10000
    Language: English
    Publisher: American Society for Microbiology
    Publication Date: 1999
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 1498353-9
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  • 2
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    Correction for De Groote et al., “Highly Multiplexed Proteomic Analysis of Quantiferon Supernatants To Identify Biomarkers of Latent Tuberculosis Infection”
    American Society for Microbiology ; 2017
    In:  Journal of Clinical Microbiology Vol. 55, No. 5 ( 2017-05), p. 1598-1598
    Details
    In: Journal of Clinical Microbiology, American Society for Microbiology, Vol. 55, No. 5 ( 2017-05), p. 1598-1598
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0095-1137 , 1098-660X
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1128/JCM.00333-17
    RVK:
    XA 10000
    Language: English
    Publisher: American Society for Microbiology
    Publication Date: 2017
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 1498353-9
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  • 3
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    Highly Multiplexed Proteomic Analysis of Quantiferon Supernatants To Identify Biomarkers of Latent Tuberculosis Infection
    American Society for Microbiology ; 2017
    In:  Journal of Clinical Microbiology Vol. 55, No. 2 ( 2017-02), p. 391-402
    Details
    In: Journal of Clinical Microbiology, American Society for Microbiology, Vol. 55, No. 2 ( 2017-02), p. 391-402
    Abstract: The tests for diagnosing latent tuberculosis infection (LTBI) are limited by a poor predictive value for identifying people at the highest risk for progressing to active tuberculosis (TB) and have various sensitivities and specificities in different populations. Identifying a more robust signature for LTBI is important for TB prevention and elimination. A pilot study was conducted with samples from immigrants to the United States that were screened for LTBI by the three commercially approved tests, namely, the tuberculin skin test (TST), the Quantiferon-TB Gold in-tube (QFT-GIT), and the T-SPOT.TB (T-SPOT). QFT-GIT supernatants from 13 people with concordant positive results and 26 people with concordant negative results were analyzed via the highly multiplexed SOMAscan proteomic assay. The proteins in the stimulated supernatants that distinguished LTBI from controls included interleukin-2 (IL-2), monocyte chemotactic protein 2 (MCP-2), interferon gamma inducible protein-10 (IP-10), interferon gamma (IFN-γ), tumor necrosis factor superfamily member 14 (TNFSF14, also known as LIGHT), monokine induced by gamma interferon (MIG), and granzyme B ( P 〈 0.00001). In addition, antigen stimulation increased the expression of heparin-binding EGF-like growth factor (HB-EGF) and activin AB in LTBI samples. In nil tubes, LIGHT was the most significant marker ( P 〈 0.0001) and was elevated in LTBI subjects. Other prominent markers in nonstimulated QFT-GIT supernatants were the complement-3 components C3b, iC3b, and C3d, which were upregulated in LTBI and markedly decreased upon stimulation. We found known and novel proteins that warrant further studies for developing improved tests for LTBI, for predicting progression to active disease, and for discriminating LTBI from active TB.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0095-1137 , 1098-660X
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1128/JCM.01646-16
    RVK:
    XA 10000
    Language: English
    Publisher: American Society for Microbiology
    Publication Date: 2017
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 1498353-9
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  • 4
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    Controlled Clinical Comparison of BACTEC Plus Anaerobic/F to Standard Anaerobic/F as the Anaerobic Companion Bottle to Plus Aerobic/F Medium for Culturing Blood from Adults
    American Society for Microbiology ; 2001
    In:  Journal of Clinical Microbiology Vol. 39, No. 3 ( 2001-03), p. 983-989
    Details
    In: Journal of Clinical Microbiology, American Society for Microbiology, Vol. 39, No. 3 ( 2001-03), p. 983-989
    Abstract: To determine the optimal anaerobic companion bottle to pair with BACTEC Plus Aerobic/F medium for recovery of pathogenic microorganisms from adult patients with bacteremia and fungemia, we compared Plus Anaerobic/F bottles with Standard Anaerobic/F bottles, each of which was filled with 4 to 6 ml of blood. The two bottles were paired with a Plus Aerobic/F bottle filled with 8 to 12 ml of blood. A total of 14,011 blood culture sets were obtained. Of these, 11,583 sets were received with all three bottles filled adequately and 12,257 were received with both anaerobic bottles filled adequately. Of 818 clinically important isolates detected in one or both adequately filled anaerobic bottles, significantly more staphylococci ( P 〈 0.001), streptococci ( P 〈 0.005), Escherichia coli isolates ( P 〈 0.02), Klebsiella pneumoniae isolates ( P 〈 0.005), and all microorganisms combined ( P 〈 0.001) were detected in Plus Anaerobic/F bottles. In contrast, significantly more anaerobic gram-negative bacilli were detected in Standard Anaerobic/F bottles ( P 〈 0.05). Of 397 unimicrobial episodes of septicemia, 354 were detected with both pairs, 30 were detected with Plus Aerobic/F–Plus Anaerobic/F pairs only, and 13 were detected with Plus Aerobic/F–Standard Anaerobic/F pairs only ( P 〈 0.05). Significantly more episodes of bacteremia caused by members of the family Enterobacteriaceae ( P 〈 0.05) and aerobic and facultative gram-positive bacteria ( P 〈 0.025) were detected with Plus Anaerobic/F bottles only. In a paired-bottle analysis, 810 of 950 isolates were recovered from both pairs, 90 were recovered from Plus Aerobic/F–Plus Anaerobic/F pairs only, and 50 were recovered from Plus Aerobic/F–Standard Anaerobic/F pairs only ( P 〈 0.001). Paired Plus Aerobic/F–Plus Anaerobic/F bottles yielded significantly more staphylococci ( P 〈 0.001), streptococci ( P 〈 0.05), and members of the family Enterobacteriaceae ( P 〈 0.001). We conclude that Plus Anaerobic/F bottles detect more microorganisms and episodes of bacteremia and fungemia than Standard Anaerobic/F bottles as companion bottles to Plus Aerobic/F bottles in the BACTEC 9240 blood culture system.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0095-1137 , 1098-660X
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1128/JCM.39.3.983-989.2001
    RVK:
    XA 10000
    Language: English
    Publisher: American Society for Microbiology
    Publication Date: 2001
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 1498353-9
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  • 5
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    Relevance of the Number of Positive Bottles in Determining Clinical Significance of Coagulase-Negative Staphylococci in Blood Cultures
    American Society for Microbiology ; 2001
    In:  Journal of Clinical Microbiology Vol. 39, No. 9 ( 2001-09), p. 3279-3281
    Details
    In: Journal of Clinical Microbiology, American Society for Microbiology, Vol. 39, No. 9 ( 2001-09), p. 3279-3281
    Abstract: Coagulase-negative staphylococci (CNS) are the most commonly isolated contaminants from blood cultures, yet they frequently cause true infections. Determining the clinical significance of CNS is difficult, and clinicians often consider the number of positive bottles within a set of blood culture bottles in their assessment. Therefore, in three separate studies, we counted the number of positive bottles within blood culture sets comprising two, three, or four bottles in order to predict whether or not CNS were clinically significant isolates (CSI) in adult patients with suspected sepsis. Each culture was evaluated by independent, published clinical criteria to determine its clinical importance. Of 486 positive sets that included two adequately filled bottles, 127 (26%) CNS were CSI, 329 (67%) were contaminants, and 30 (6%) were indeterminate as a cause of sepsis. Among CSI, 39 and 61% were isolated from one and two bottles, respectively. The positive predictive value for sepsis was 18% when one bottle was positive and 37% when both bottles were positive. Of 235 positive sets that included three adequately filled bottles, 81 (34%) were CSI, 109 (46%) were contaminants, and 45 (19%) were indeterminate as a cause of sepsis. Of CSI, 43, 38, and 19% were found in one, two, and three bottles, respectively. The positive predictive value for sepsis was 28, 52, and 30% when one, two and three bottles were positive. Of 303 positive blood culture sets that included four adequately filled bottles, 64 (21%) were considered CSI, 197 (65%) were contaminants, and 42 (14%) were indeterminate as a cause of sepsis. Of CSI, 27, 28, 19, and 27% were found in one, two, three, and four bottles, respectively. The positive predictive value for sepsis was 11, 30, 34, and 37% when one, two, three, and four bottles were positive. We conclude that the number of culture bottles positive in a given culture set cannot reliably predict the clinical significance of the CNS isolated and, therefore, should not be used as a criterion for determining whether or not an isolate represents true infection or contamination.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0095-1137 , 1098-660X
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1128/JCM.39.9.3279-3281.2001
    RVK:
    XA 10000
    Language: English
    Publisher: American Society for Microbiology
    Publication Date: 2001
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 1498353-9
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  • 6
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    Characterization of an Endoprotease (PrpL) Encoded by a PvdS-Regulated Gene in Pseudomonas aeruginosa
    American Society for Microbiology ; 2001
    In:  Infection and Immunity Vol. 69, No. 9 ( 2001-09), p. 5385-5394
    Details
    In: Infection and Immunity, American Society for Microbiology, Vol. 69, No. 9 ( 2001-09), p. 5385-5394
    Abstract: The expression of many virulence factors in Pseudomonas aeruginosa is dependent upon environmental conditions, including iron levels, oxygen, temperature, and osmolarity. The virulence of P. aeruginosa PAO1 is influenced by the iron- and oxygen-regulated gene encoding the alternative sigma factor PvdS, which is regulated through the ferric uptake regulator (Fur). We observed that overexpression of PvdS in strain PAO1 and a Δ pvdS :: Gm mutant resulted in increased pyoverdine production and proteolytic activity compared to when PvdS was not overexpressed. To identify additional PvdS-regulated genes, we compared extracellular protein profiles from PAO1 and the Δ pvdS :: Gm mutant grown under iron-deficient conditions. A protein present in culture supernatants from PAO1 but not in supernatants from Δ pvdS :: Gm was investigated. Amino acid sequence analysis and examination of the genomic database of PAO1 revealed that the N terminus of this 27-kDa protein is identical to that of protease IV of P. aeruginosa strain PA103-29 and is homologous to an endoprotease produced by Lysobacter enzymogenes. In this study, the gene encoding an endoprotease was cloned from PAO1 and designated prpL (PvdS-regulated endoprotease, lysyl class). All ( n = 41) but one of the strains of P. aeruginosa , including clinical and environmental isolates, examined carry prpL . Moreover, PrpL production among these strains was highly variable. Analysis of RNase protection assays identified the transcription initiation site of prpL and confirmed that its transcription is iron dependent. In the Δ pvdS :: Gm mutant, the level of prpL transcription was iron independent and decreased relative to the level in PAO1. Furthermore, transcription of prpL was independent of PtxR, a PvdS-regulated protein. Finally, PrpL cleaves casein, lactoferrin, transferrin, elastin, and decorin and contributes to PAO1's ability to persist in a rat chronic pulmonary infection model.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0019-9567 , 1098-5522
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1128/IAI.69.9.5385-5394.2001
    RVK:
    XA 10000
    Language: English
    Publisher: American Society for Microbiology
    Publication Date: 2001
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 1483247-1
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  • 7
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    Comparison of Iodophor and Alcohol Pledgets with the Medi-Flex Blood Culture Prep Kit II for Preventing Contamination of Blood Cultures
    American Society for Microbiology ; 2000
    In:  Journal of Clinical Microbiology Vol. 38, No. 12 ( 2000-12), p. 4665-4667
    Details
    In: Journal of Clinical Microbiology, American Society for Microbiology, Vol. 38, No. 12 ( 2000-12), p. 4665-4667
    Abstract: Iodophor and alcohol pledgets were compared with the Medi-Flex Prep Kit II for skin disinfection before venipuncture. Of 12,367 blood cultures collected, 6,362 were done with conventional pledgets and 6,005 were done with Medi-Flex kits. Contamination occurred in 351 of 6,362 blood cultures (5.5%; range, 3.7 to 8.1%) with conventional pledgets versus 328 of 6,005 (5.5%; range, 3.5 to 7.5%) with Medi-Flex kits.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0095-1137 , 1098-660X
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1128/JCM.38.12.4665-4667.2000
    RVK:
    XA 10000
    Language: English
    Publisher: American Society for Microbiology
    Publication Date: 2000
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 1498353-9
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  • 8
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    Role of the Pseudomonas aeruginosa PlcH Tat Signal Peptide in Protein Secretion, Transcription, and Cross-Species Tat Secretion System Compatibility
    American Society for Microbiology ; 2006
    In:  Journal of Bacteriology Vol. 188, No. 5 ( 2006-03), p. 1762-1774
    Details
    In: Journal of Bacteriology, American Society for Microbiology, Vol. 188, No. 5 ( 2006-03), p. 1762-1774
    Abstract: The secretion of PlcH and its homolog PlcN of Pseudomonas aeruginosa through the inner membrane depends upon a functional twin arginine translocase (Tat) system and a Tat signal sequence. Conserved twin arginine (Arg) residues within the Tat signal sequence consensus motif (S/TRRxFLK) are considered essential for the secretion of Tat substrates, but some exceptions (e.g., Lys and Arg) to the twin Arg residues in this motif have been noted. The roles of all three Arg residues within the PlcH RRRTFLK consensus motif were examined. Data are presented which indicate that Arg-9 and Arg-10 are essential for PlcH secretion across the inner membrane, but the mutation of Arg-8 (e.g., to Ala or Ser) had no observable effect on the localization of PlcH. In the signal sequence of PlcH and in all of its homologs in other bacteria, there are basic amino acid residues (Arg, Lys, and Gln) immediately adjacent to the signal peptidase cleavage site (Ala-X-Ala) that are not seen in Sec-dependent signal sequences. The mutation of these basic residues to Ala caused slightly decreased levels of extracellular PlcH, but normal localization was still observed. Deletion of the entire Tat signal sequence of PlcH not only resulted in the absence of detectable extracellular PlcH activity and protein but also caused a substantial decrease in the detectable level of plcH mRNA. Finally, data are presented which indicate that P. aeruginosa PlcH exhibits cross-species compatibility with the Escherichia coli Tat secretion machinery, but only when the E. coli Tat machinery is expressed in a P. aeruginosa host.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0021-9193 , 1098-5530
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1128/JB.188.5.1762-1774.2006
    Language: English
    Publisher: American Society for Microbiology
    Publication Date: 2006
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 1481988-0
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  • 9
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    Generation of Infectious Molecular Clones of Simian Immunodeficiency Virus from Fecal Consensus Sequences of Wild Chimpanzees
    American Society for Microbiology ; 2007
    In:  Journal of Virology Vol. 81, No. 14 ( 2007-07-15), p. 7463-7475
    Details
    In: Journal of Virology, American Society for Microbiology, Vol. 81, No. 14 ( 2007-07-15), p. 7463-7475
    Abstract: Studies of simian immunodeficiency viruses (SIVs) in their endangered primate hosts are of obvious medical and public health importance, but technically challenging. Although SIV-specific antibodies and nucleic acids have been detected in primate fecal samples, recovery of replication-competent virus from such samples has not been achieved. Here, we report the construction of infectious molecular clones of SIVcpz from fecal viral consensus sequences. Subgenomic fragments comprising a complete provirus were amplified from fecal RNA of three wild-living chimpanzees and sequenced directly. One set of amplicons was concatenated using overlap extension PCR. The resulting clone (TAN1.24) contained intact genes and regulatory regions but was replication defective. It also differed from the fecal consensus sequence by 76 nucleotides. Stepwise elimination of all missense mutations generated several constructs with restored replication potential. The clone that yielded the most infectious virus (TAN1.910) was identical to the consensus sequence in both protein and long terminal repeat sequences. Two additional SIVcpz clones were constructed by direct synthesis of fecal consensus sequences. One of these (TAN3.1) yielded fully infectious virus, while the second one (TAN2.69) required modification at one ambiguous site in the viral pol gene for biological activity. All three reconstructed proviruses produced infectious virions that replicated in human and chimpanzee CD4 + T cells, were CCR5 tropic, and resembled primary human immunodeficiency virus type 1 isolates in their neutralization phenotype. These results provide the first direct evidence that naturally occurring SIVcpz strains already have many of the biological properties required for persistent infection of humans, including CD4 and CCR5 dependence and neutralization resistance. Moreover, they outline a new strategy for obtaining medically important “SIV isolates” that have thus far eluded investigation. Such isolates are needed to identify viral determinants that contribute to cross-species transmission and host adaptation.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0022-538X , 1098-5514
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1128/JVI.00551-07
    Language: English
    Publisher: American Society for Microbiology
    Publication Date: 2007
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 1495529-5
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  • 10
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    Draft Genome Sequence of Pseudomonas sp. Strain DrBHI1 (Phylum Proteobacteria )
    American Society for Microbiology ; 2017
    In:  Genome Announcements Vol. 5, No. 39 ( 2017-09-28)
    Details
    In: Genome Announcements, American Society for Microbiology, Vol. 5, No. 39 ( 2017-09-28)
    Abstract: Here, we report the draft genome sequence of Pseudomonas sp. strain DrBHI1. The total assembly length is 5,649,751 bp in 146 contigs. This strain was isolated from zebrafish ( Danio rerio ) feces.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2169-8287
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1128/genomeA.01090-17
    Language: English
    Publisher: American Society for Microbiology
    Publication Date: 2017
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2968655-6
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2704277-7
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