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  • American Society for Microbiology  (4)
  • 1
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Virology under the Microscope—a Call for Rational Discourse
    American Society for Microbiology ; 2023
    In:  mSphere Vol. 8, No. 2 ( 2023-04-20)
    Details
    In: mSphere, American Society for Microbiology, Vol. 8, No. 2 ( 2023-04-20)
    Abstract: Viruses have brought humanity many challenges: respiratory infection, cancer, neurological impairment and immunosuppression to name a few. Virology research over the last 60+ years has responded to reduce this disease burden with vaccines and antivirals. Despite this long history, the COVID-19 pandemic has brought unprecedented attention to the field of virology. Some of this attention is focused on concern about the safe conduct of research with human pathogens. A small but vocal group of individuals has seized upon these concerns – conflating legitimate questions about safely conducting virus-related research with uncertainties over the origins of SARS-CoV-2. The result has fueled public confusion and, in many instances, ill-informed condemnation of virology. With this article, we seek to promote a return to rational discourse. We explain the use of gain-of-function approaches in science, discuss the possible origins of SARS-CoV-2 and outline current regulatory structures that provide oversight for virological research in the United States. By offering our expertise, we – a broad group of working virologists – seek to aid policy makers in navigating these controversial issues. Balanced, evidence-based discourse is essential to addressing public concern while maintaining and expanding much-needed research in virology.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2379-5042
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1128/msphere.00034-23
    Language: English
    Publisher: American Society for Microbiology
    Publication Date: 2023
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2844248-9
    Location Call Number Limitation Availability
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    Online Resource
  • 2
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Virology under the Microscope—a Call for Rational Discourse
    American Society for Microbiology ; 2023
    In:  Journal of Virology Vol. 97, No. 2 ( 2023-02-28)
    Details
    In: Journal of Virology, American Society for Microbiology, Vol. 97, No. 2 ( 2023-02-28)
    Abstract: Viruses have brought humanity many challenges: respiratory infection, cancer, neurological impairment and immunosuppression to name a few. Virology research over the last 60+ years has responded to reduce this disease burden with vaccines and antivirals. Despite this long history, the COVID-19 pandemic has brought unprecedented attention to the field of virology. Some of this attention is focused on concern about the safe conduct of research with human pathogens. A small but vocal group of individuals has seized upon these concerns – conflating legitimate questions about safely conducting virus-related research with uncertainties over the origins of SARS-CoV-2. The result has fueled public confusion and, in many instances, ill-informed condemnation of virology. With this article, we seek to promote a return to rational discourse. We explain the use of gain-of-function approaches in science, discuss the possible origins of SARS-CoV-2 and outline current regulatory structures that provide oversight for virological research in the United States. By offering our expertise, we – a broad group of working virologists – seek to aid policy makers in navigating these controversial issues. Balanced, evidence-based discourse is essential to addressing public concern while maintaining and expanding much-needed research in virology.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0022-538X , 1098-5514
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1128/jvi.00089-23
    Language: English
    Publisher: American Society for Microbiology
    Publication Date: 2023
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 1495529-5
    Location Call Number Limitation Availability
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    Online Resource
  • 3
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    A Genotype-Phenotype Correlation Study of SHV β-Lactamases Offers New Insight into SHV Resistance Profiles
    American Society for Microbiology ; 2020
    In:  Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy Vol. 64, No. 7 ( 2020-06-23)
    Details
    In: Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy, American Society for Microbiology, Vol. 64, No. 7 ( 2020-06-23)
    Abstract: The SHV β-lactamases (BLs) have undergone strong allele diversification that has changed their substrate specificities. Based on 147 NCBI entries for SHV alleles, in silico mathematical models predicted 5 positions as relevant for the β-lactamase inhibitor (BLI)-resistant (2br) phenotype, 12 positions as relevant for the extended-spectrum BL (ESBL) (2be) phenotype, and 2 positions as related solely to the narrow-spectrum (2b) phenotype. These positions and six additional positions described in other studies (including one promoter mutation) were systematically substituted and investigated for their substrate specificities in a BL-free Escherichia coli background, representing, to our knowledge, the most comprehensive substrate and substitution analysis for SHV alleles to date. An in vitro analysis confirmed the essentiality of positions 238 and 179 for the 2be phenotype and of position 69 for the 2br phenotype. The E240K and E240R substitutions, which do not occur alone in known 2br SHV variants, led to a 2br phenotype, indicating a latent BLI resistance potential of these substitutions. The M129V, A234G, S271I, and R292Q substitutions conferred latent resistance to cefotaxime. In addition, seven positions that were found not always to be associated with the ESBL phenotype resulted in increased resistance to ceftaroline. We also observed that coupling of a strong promoter (IS 26 ) to an A146V mutant with the 2b phenotype resulted in highly increased resistance to BLIs, cefepime, and ceftaroline but not to third-generation cephalosporins, indicating that SHV enzymes represent an underestimated risk for empirical therapies that use piperacillin-tazobactam or cefepime to treat different infectious diseases caused by Gram-negative bacteria.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0066-4804 , 1098-6596
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1128/AAC.02293-19
    RVK:
    XA 24552
    Language: English
    Publisher: American Society for Microbiology
    Publication Date: 2020
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 1496156-8
    SSG: 12
    SSG: 15,3
    Location Call Number Limitation Availability
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    Online Resource
  • 4
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Virology under the Microscope—a Call for Rational Discourse
    American Society for Microbiology ; 2023
    In:  mBio Vol. 14, No. 1 ( 2023-02-28)
    Details
    In: mBio, American Society for Microbiology, Vol. 14, No. 1 ( 2023-02-28)
    Abstract: Viruses have brought humanity many challenges: respiratory infection, cancer, neurological impairment and immunosuppression to name a few. Virology research over the last 60+ years has responded to reduce this disease burden with vaccines and antivirals. Despite this long history, the COVID-19 pandemic has brought unprecedented attention to the field of virology. Some of this attention is focused on concern about the safe conduct of research with human pathogens. A small but vocal group of individuals has seized upon these concerns – conflating legitimate questions about safely conducting virus-related research with uncertainties over the origins of SARS-CoV-2. The result has fueled public confusion and, in many instances, ill-informed condemnation of virology. With this article, we seek to promote a return to rational discourse. We explain the use of gain-of-function approaches in science, discuss the possible origins of SARS-CoV-2 and outline current regulatory structures that provide oversight for virological research in the United States. By offering our expertise, we – a broad group of working virologists – seek to aid policy makers in navigating these controversial issues. Balanced, evidence-based discourse is essential to addressing public concern while maintaining and expanding much-needed research in virology.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2150-7511
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1128/mbio.00188-23
    Language: English
    Publisher: American Society for Microbiology
    Publication Date: 2023
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2557172-2
    Location Call Number Limitation Availability
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    Online Resource
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