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  • American Society for Microbiology  (52)
  • Medicine  (52)
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  • Medicine  (52)
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  • 1
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    The Chlamydial Plasmid-Encoded Protein pgp3 Is Secreted into the Cytosol of Chlamydia -Infected Cells
    American Society for Microbiology ; 2008
    In:  Infection and Immunity Vol. 76, No. 8 ( 2008-08), p. 3415-3428
    Details
    In: Infection and Immunity, American Society for Microbiology, Vol. 76, No. 8 ( 2008-08), p. 3415-3428
    Abstract: The chlamydial cryptic plasmid encodes eight putative open reading frames (ORFs), designated pORF1 to -8. Antibodies raised against these ORF proteins were used to localize the endogenous proteins during chlamydial infection. We found that the pORF5 protein (also known as pgp3) was detected mainly in the cytosol of Chlamydia -infected cells, while the remaining seven proteins were found inside the chlamydial inclusions only. The pgp3 distribution pattern in the host cell cytosol is similar to but not overlapping with that of chlamydial protease/proteasome-like activity factor (CPAF), a chlamydial genome-encoded protein known to be secreted from chlamydial inclusions into the host cell cytosol. The anti-pgp3 labeling was removed by preabsorption with pgp3 but not CPAF fusion proteins and vice versa, demonstrating that pgp3 is a unique secretion protein. This conclusion is further supported by the observation that pgp3 was highly enriched in cytosolic fractions and had a minimal presence in the inclusion-containing nuclear fractions prepared from Chlamydia -infected cells. The pgp3 protein was detected as early as 12 h after infection and was secreted by all chlamydial species that carry the cryptic plasmid, suggesting that there is a selection pressure for maintaining pgp3 secretion during chlamydial infection. Although expression of pgp3 in the host cell cytosol via a transgene did not alter the susceptibility of the transfected cells to the subsequent chlamydial infection, purified pgp3 protein stimulated macrophages to release inflammatory cytokines, suggesting that pgp3 may contribute to chlamydial pathogenesis.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0019-9567 , 1098-5522
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1128/IAI.01377-07
    RVK:
    XA 10000
    Language: English
    Publisher: American Society for Microbiology
    Publication Date: 2008
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 1483247-1
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  • 2
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Profiling of Human Antibody Responses to Chlamydia trachomatis Urogenital Tract Infection Using Microplates Arrayed with 156 Chlamydial Fusion Proteins
    American Society for Microbiology ; 2006
    In:  Infection and Immunity Vol. 74, No. 3 ( 2006-03), p. 1490-1499
    Details
    In: Infection and Immunity, American Society for Microbiology, Vol. 74, No. 3 ( 2006-03), p. 1490-1499
    Abstract: The available chlamydial genome sequences have made it possible to comprehensively analyze host responses to all chlamydial proteins, which is essential for further understanding of chlamydial pathogenesis and development of effective chlamydial vaccines. Microplates arrayed with 156 Chlamydia trachomatis fusion proteins were used to evaluate antibody responses in women urogenitally infected with C. trachomatis . Based on both the antibody recognition frequency and titer, seven chlamydial antigens encoded by open reading frames (ORFs) CT089, CT147, CT226, CT681, CT694, CT795, and CT858, respectively, were identified as relatively immunodominant; six of these are encoded by hypothetical ORFs. Antibody binding to these chlamydial fusion proteins was blocked by C. trachomatis -infected but not by normal HeLa cell lysates or irrelevant bacterial lysates. These results have revealed novel immune-reactive chlamydial antigens, not only indicating that the hypothetical ORF-encoded proteins are expressed during chlamydial infection in humans but also providing the proof of principle that the fusion protein-based approach can be used to profile human immune responses to chlamydial infection at the whole-genome scale.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0019-9567 , 1098-5522
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1128/IAI.74.3.1490-1499.2006
    RVK:
    XA 10000
    Language: English
    Publisher: American Society for Microbiology
    Publication Date: 2006
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 1483247-1
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  • 3
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Association between Antibiotic Exposure and the Risk of Rash in Children with Infectious Mononucleosis: a Multicenter, Retrospective Cohort Study
    American Society for Microbiology ; 2023
    In:  Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy Vol. 67, No. 6 ( 2023-06-15)
    Details
    In: Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy, American Society for Microbiology, Vol. 67, No. 6 ( 2023-06-15)
    Abstract: Present evidence suggests that the administration of antibiotics, particularly aminopenicillins, may increase the risk of rash in children with infectious mononucleosis (IM). This retrospective, multicenter cohort study of children with IM was conducted to explore the association between antibiotic exposure in IM children and the risk of rash. A robust error generalized linear regression was performed to address the potential cluster effect, as well as confounding factors such as age and sex. A total of 767 children (aged from 0 to 18 years) with IM from 14 hospitals in Guizhou Province were included in the final analysis. The regression analysis implied that exposure to antibiotics was associated with a significantly increased incidence of overall rash in IM children (adjusted odds ratio [AOR], 1.47; 95% confidence interval [CI] , ~1.04 to 2.08; P  = 0.029). Of 92 overall rash cases, 43 were probably related to antibiotic exposure: two cases (4.08%) in the amoxicillin-treated group and 41 (8.15%) in the group treated with other antibiotics. Regression analysis indicated that the risk of rash induced by amoxicillin in IM children was similar to that induced by other penicillins (AOR, 1.12; 95% CI, ~0.13 to 9.67), cephalosporins (AOR, 2.45; 95% CI, ~0.43 to 14.02), or macrolides (AOR, 0.91; 95% CI, ~0.15 to 5.43). Antibiotic exposure may be associated with an increased risk of overall rash in IM children, but amoxicillin was not found to be associated with any increased risk of rash during IM compared to other antibiotics. We suggest that clinicians be vigilant against the occurrence of rash in IM children receiving antibiotic therapy, rather than indiscriminately avoiding prescribing amoxicillin.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0066-4804 , 1098-6596
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1128/aac.00249-23
    RVK:
    XA 24552
    Language: English
    Publisher: American Society for Microbiology
    Publication Date: 2023
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 1496156-8
    SSG: 12
    SSG: 15,3
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  • 4
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    A Waterborne Outbreak of Shigella sonnei with Resistance to Azithromycin and Third-Generation Cephalosporins in China in 2015
    American Society for Microbiology ; 2017
    In:  Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy Vol. 61, No. 6 ( 2017-06)
    Details
    In: Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy, American Society for Microbiology, Vol. 61, No. 6 ( 2017-06)
    Abstract: Here, we report for the first time a waterborne outbreak of Shigella sonnei in China in 2015. Eleven multidrug-resistant (MDR) S. sonnei isolates were recovered, showing high resistance to azithromycin and third-generation cephalosporins in particular, due to an mph (A)- and bla CTX-M-14 -harboring IncB/O/K/Z group transmissible plasmid of 104,285 kb in size. Our study highlights the potential prevalence of the MDR outbreak of S. sonnei in China and its further dissemination worldwide with the development of globalization.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0066-4804 , 1098-6596
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1128/AAC.00308-17
    RVK:
    XA 24552
    Language: English
    Publisher: American Society for Microbiology
    Publication Date: 2017
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 1496156-8
    SSG: 12
    SSG: 15,3
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  • 5
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    First Report of the Multidrug Resistance Gene cfr and the Phenicol Resistance Gene fexA in a Bacillus Strain from Swine Feces
    American Society for Microbiology ; 2010
    In:  Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy Vol. 54, No. 9 ( 2010-09), p. 3953-3955
    Details
    In: Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy, American Society for Microbiology, Vol. 54, No. 9 ( 2010-09), p. 3953-3955
    Abstract: A multidrug resistance gene, cfr , and a phenicol resistance gene, fexA , were detected in a Bacillus strain, BS-01, isolated from swine feces. The cfr gene was carried on a novel 16.5-kb plasmid, designated pBS-01. A complete Tn 917 structure, which harbors the macrolide-lincosamide-streptogramin B resistance gene erm (B), was located downstream of the cfr gene. The fexA gene was discovered in the chromosomal DNA of the BS-01 strain and identified in a Tn 558 variant.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0066-4804 , 1098-6596
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1128/AAC.00169-10
    RVK:
    XA 24552
    Language: English
    Publisher: American Society for Microbiology
    Publication Date: 2010
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 1496156-8
    SSG: 12
    SSG: 15,3
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  • 6
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    A Cyclic Phosphoramidate Prodrug of 2′-Deoxy-2′-Fluoro-2′- C -Methylguanosine for the Treatment of Dengue Virus Infection
    American Society for Microbiology ; 2020
    In:  Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy Vol. 64, No. 12 ( 2020-11-17)
    Details
    In: Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy, American Society for Microbiology, Vol. 64, No. 12 ( 2020-11-17)
    Abstract: Monophosphate prodrug analogs of 2′-deoxy-2′-fluoro-2′- C -methylguanosine have been reported as potent inhibitors of hepatitis C virus (HCV) RNA-dependent RNA polymerase. These prodrugs also display potent anti-dengue virus activities in cellular assays although their prodrug moieties were designed to produce high levels of triphosphate in the liver. Since peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) are among the major targets of dengue virus, different prodrug moieties were designed to effectively deliver 2′-deoxy-2′-fluoro-2′- C -methylguanosine monophosphate prodrugs and their corresponding triphosphates into PBMCs after oral administration. We identified a cyclic phosphoramidate, prodrug 17, demonstrating well-balanced anti-dengue virus cellular activity and in vitro stability profiles. We further determined the PBMC concentration of active triphosphate needed to inhibit virus replication by 50% (TP 50 ). Compound 17 was assessed in an AG129 mouse model and demonstrated 1.6- and 2.2-log viremia reductions at 100 and 300 mg/kg twice a day (BID), respectively. At 100 mg/kg BID, the terminal triphosphate concentration in PBMCs exceeded the TP 50 value, demonstrating TP 50 as the target exposure for efficacy. In dogs, oral administration of compound 17 resulted in high PBMC triphosphate levels, exceeding the TP 50 at 10 mg/kg. Unfortunately, 2-week dog toxicity studies at 30, 100, and 300 mg/kg/day showed that “no observed adverse effect level” (NOAEL) could not be achieved due to pulmonary inflammation and hemorrhage. The preclinical safety results suspended further development of compound 17. Nevertheless, present work has proven the concept that an efficacious monophosphate nucleoside prodrug could be developed for the potential treatment of dengue virus infection.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0066-4804 , 1098-6596
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1128/AAC.00654-20
    RVK:
    XA 24552
    Language: English
    Publisher: American Society for Microbiology
    Publication Date: 2020
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 1496156-8
    SSG: 12
    SSG: 15,3
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  • 7
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Activity of Sanguinarine against Candida albicans Biofilms
    American Society for Microbiology ; 2017
    In:  Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy Vol. 61, No. 5 ( 2017-05)
    Details
    In: Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy, American Society for Microbiology, Vol. 61, No. 5 ( 2017-05)
    Abstract: Candida albicans biofilms show resistance to many clinical antifungal agents and play a considerable contributing role in the process of C. albicans infections. New antifungal agents against C. albicans biofilms are sorely needed. The aim of this study was to evaluate sanguinarine (SAN) for its activity against Candida albicans biofilms and explore the underlying mechanism. The MIC 50 of SAN was 3.2 μg/ml, while ≥0.8 μg/ml of SAN could suppress C. albicans biofilms. Further study revealed that ≥0.8 μg/ml of SAN could decrease cellular surface hydrophobicity (CSH) and inhibited hypha formation. Real-time reverse transcription-PCR (RT-PCR) results indicated that the exposure of C. albicans to SAN suppressed the expression of some adhesion- and hypha-specific/essential genes related to the cyclic AMP (cAMP) pathway, including ALS3 , HWP1 , ECE1 , HGC1 , and CYR1 . Consistently, the endogenous cAMP level of C. albicans was downregulated after SAN treatment, and the addition of cAMP rescued the SAN-induced filamentation defect. In addition, SAN showed relatively low toxicity to human umbilical vein endothelial cells, the 50% inhibitory concentration (IC 50 ) being 7.8 μg/ml. Collectively, the results show that SAN exhibits strong activity against C. albicans biofilms, and the activity was associated with its inhibitory effect on adhesion and hypha formation due to cAMP pathway suppression.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0066-4804 , 1098-6596
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1128/AAC.02259-16
    RVK:
    XA 24552
    Language: English
    Publisher: American Society for Microbiology
    Publication Date: 2017
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 1496156-8
    SSG: 12
    SSG: 15,3
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  • 8
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Vibrio cholerae Represses Polysaccharide Synthesis To Promote Motility in Mucosa
    American Society for Microbiology ; 2015
    In:  Infection and Immunity Vol. 83, No. 3 ( 2015-03), p. 1114-1121
    Details
    In: Infection and Immunity, American Society for Microbiology, Vol. 83, No. 3 ( 2015-03), p. 1114-1121
    Abstract: The viscoelastic mucus layer of gastrointestinal tracts is a host defense barrier that a successful enteric pathogen, such as Vibrio cholerae , must circumvent. V. cholerae , the causative agent of cholera, is able to penetrate the mucosa and colonize the epithelial surface of the small intestine. In this study, we found that mucin, the major component of mucus, promoted V. cholerae movement on semisolid medium and in liquid medium. A genome-wide screen revealed that Vibrio polysaccharide (VPS) production was inversely correlated with mucin-enhanced motility. Mucin adhesion assays indicated that VPS bound to mucin. Moreover, we found that vps expression was reduced upon exposure to mucin. In an infant mouse colonization model, mutants that overexpressed VPS colonized less effectively than wild-type strains in more distal intestinal regions. These results suggest that V. cholerae is able to sense mucosal signals and modulate vps expression accordingly so as to promote fast motion in mucus, thus allowing for rapid spread throughout the intestines.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0019-9567 , 1098-5522
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1128/IAI.02841-14
    RVK:
    XA 10000
    Language: English
    Publisher: American Society for Microbiology
    Publication Date: 2015
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 1483247-1
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  • 9
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Gastrointestinal Coinfection Promotes Chlamydial Pathogenicity in the Genital Tract
    American Society for Microbiology ; 2020
    In:  Infection and Immunity Vol. 88, No. 4 ( 2020-03-23)
    Details
    In: Infection and Immunity, American Society for Microbiology, Vol. 88, No. 4 ( 2020-03-23)
    Abstract: Sexually transmitted Chlamydia , which can cause fibrotic pathology in women’s genital tracts, is also frequently detected in the gastrointestinal tract. However, the medical significance of the gastrointestinal Chlamydia remains unclear. A murine Chlamydia readily spreads from the mouse genital tract to the gastrointestinal tract while inducing oviduct fibrotic blockage or hydrosalpinx. We previously proposed a two-hit model in which the mouse gastrointestinal Chlamydia might induce the second hit to promote genital tract pathology, and we are now providing experimental evidence for testing the hypothesis. First, chlamydial mutants that are attenuated in inducing hydrosalpinx in the genital tract also reduce their colonization in the gastrointestinal tract, leading to a better correlation of chlamydial induction of hydrosalpinx with chlamydial colonization in the gastrointestinal tract than in the genital tract. Second, intragastric coinoculation with a wild-type Chlamydia rescued an attenuated Chlamydia mutant to induce hydrosalpinx, while the chlamydial mutant infection in the genital tract alone was unable to induce any significant hydrosalpinx. Finally, the coinoculated gastrointestinal Chlamydia failed to directly spread to the genital tract lumen, suggesting that gastrointestinal Chlamydia may promote genital pathology via an indirect mechanism. Thus, we have demonstrated a significant role of gastrointestinal Chlamydia in promoting pathology in the genital tract possibly via an indirect mechanism. This study provides a novel direction/dimension for further investigating chlamydial pathogenic mechanisms.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0019-9567 , 1098-5522
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1128/IAI.00905-19
    RVK:
    XA 10000
    Language: English
    Publisher: American Society for Microbiology
    Publication Date: 2020
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 1483247-1
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  • 10
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Five-Year National Surveillance of Invasive Candidiasis: Species Distribution and Azole Susceptibility from the China Hospital Invasive Fungal Surveillance Net (CHIF-NET) Study
    American Society for Microbiology ; 2018
    In:  Journal of Clinical Microbiology Vol. 56, No. 7 ( 2018-07)
    Details
    In: Journal of Clinical Microbiology, American Society for Microbiology, Vol. 56, No. 7 ( 2018-07)
    Abstract: Data on the epidemiology of invasive candidiasis (IC) and the antifungal susceptibility of Candida isolates in China are still limited. Here we report on surveillance for IC from the China Hospital Invasive Fungal Surveillance Net (CHIF-NET) study. Sixty-five tertiary hospitals collected 8,829 Candida isolates from 1 August 2009 to 31 July 2014. Matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization–time of flight mass spectrometry supplemented by ribosomal DNA sequencing was used to define the species, and the fluconazole and voriconazole susceptibilities were determined by the Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute disk diffusion method. A total of 32 Candida species were identified. Candida albicans was the most common species (44.9%), followed by the C. parapsilosis complex (20.0%), C. tropicalis (17.2%), and the C. glabrata complex (10.8%), with other species comprising 〈 3% of isolates. However, in candidemia, the proportion of cases caused by C. albicans was only 32.3%. C. albicans and C. parapsilosis complex isolates were susceptible to fluconazole and voriconazole ( 〈 6% resistance), while fluconazole and azole cross-resistance rates were high in C. tropicalis (13.3% and 12.9%, respectively), C. glabrata complex (18.7% and 14%, respectively), and uncommon Candida species (44.1% and 10.3%, respectively) isolates. Moreover, from years 1 to 5 of the study, there was a significant increase in the rates of resistance to fluconazole among C. glabrata complex isolates (12.2% to 24.0%) and to both fluconazole (5.7% to 21.0%) and voriconazole (5.7% to 21.4%) among C. tropicalis isolates ( P 〈 0.01 for all comparisons). Geographic variations in the causative species and susceptibilities were noted. Our findings indicate that antifungal resistance has become noteworthy in China, and enhanced surveillance is warranted.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0095-1137 , 1098-660X
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1128/JCM.00577-18
    RVK:
    XA 10000
    Language: English
    Publisher: American Society for Microbiology
    Publication Date: 2018
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 1498353-9
    SSG: 12
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