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  • American Society for Microbiology  (14)
  • Medicine  (14)
  • 1
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Activity of Imipenem-Relebactam against a Large Collection of Pseudomonas aeruginosa Clinical Isolates and Isogenic β-Lactam-Resistant Mutants
    American Society for Microbiology ; 2020
    In:  Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy Vol. 64, No. 2 ( 2020-01-27)
    Details
    In: Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy, American Society for Microbiology, Vol. 64, No. 2 ( 2020-01-27)
    Abstract: Imipenem and imipenem-relebactam MICs were determined for 1,445 Pseudomonas aeruginosa clinical isolates and a large panel of isogenic mutants showing the most relevant mutation-driven β-lactam resistance mechanisms. Imipenem-relebactam showed the highest susceptibility rate (97.3%), followed by colistin and ceftolozane-tazobactam (both 94.6%). Imipenem-relebactam MICs remained ≤2 μg/ml in all 16 isogenic PAO1 mutants and in 8 pairs of extensively drug-resistant clinical strains that had developed resistance to ceftolozane-tazobactam and ceftazidime-avibactam due to mutations in OXA-10 or AmpC.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0066-4804 , 1098-6596
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1128/AAC.02165-19
    RVK:
    XA 24552
    Language: English
    Publisher: American Society for Microbiology
    Publication Date: 2020
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 1496156-8
    SSG: 12
    SSG: 15,3
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  • 2
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    The Combination of Daptomycin and Fosfomycin Has Synergistic, Potent, and Rapid Bactericidal Activity against Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus in a Rabbit Model of Experimental Endocarditis
    American Society for Microbiology ; 2018
    In:  Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy Vol. 62, No. 6 ( 2018-06)
    Details
    In: Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy, American Society for Microbiology, Vol. 62, No. 6 ( 2018-06)
    Abstract: We investigated whether the addition of fosfomycin or cloxacillin to daptomycin provides better outcomes in the treatment of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) experimental aortic endocarditis in rabbits. Five MRSA strains were used to perform in vitro time-kill studies using standard (10 6 ) and high (10 8 ) inocula. Combined therapy was compared to daptomycin monotherapy treatment in the MRSA experimental endocarditis model. A human-like pharmacokinetics model was applied, and the equivalents of cloxacillin at 2 g/4 h, fosfomycin at 2 g/6 h, and daptomycin at 6 to 10 mg/kg/day were administered intravenously. A combination of daptomycin and either fosfomycin or cloxacillin was synergistic in the five strains tested at both inocula. A bactericidal effect was detected in four of five strains tested with both combinations. The MRSA-277 strain (vancomycin MIC, 2 μg/ml) was used for the experimental endocarditis model. Daptomycin plus fosfomycin significantly improved the efficacy of daptomycin monotherapy at 6 mg/kg/day in terms of both the proportion of sterile vegetations (100% versus 72%, P = 0.046) and the decrease in the density of bacteria within the vegetations ( P = 0.025). Daptomycin plus fosfomycin was as effective as daptomycin monotherapy at 10 mg/kg/day (100% versus 93%, P = 1.00) and had activity similar to that of daptomycin plus cloxacillin when daptomycin was administered at 6 mg/kg/day (100% versus 88%, P = 0.48). Daptomycin nonsusceptibility was not detected in any of the isolates recovered from vegetations. In conclusion, for the treatment of MRSA experimental endocarditis, the combination of daptomycin plus fosfomycin showed synergistic and bactericidal activity.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0066-4804 , 1098-6596
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1128/AAC.02633-17
    RVK:
    XA 24552
    Language: English
    Publisher: American Society for Microbiology
    Publication Date: 2018
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 1496156-8
    SSG: 12
    SSG: 15,3
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  • 3
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Effects of Toxin A from Clostridium difficile on Mast Cell Activation and Survival
    American Society for Microbiology ; 1998
    In:  Infection and Immunity Vol. 66, No. 6 ( 1998-06), p. 2755-2761
    Details
    In: Infection and Immunity, American Society for Microbiology, Vol. 66, No. 6 ( 1998-06), p. 2755-2761
    Abstract: Toxins A and B from Clostridium difficile are the main cause of antibiotic-associated diarrhea and pseudomembranous colitis. They cause fluid accumulation, necrosis, and a strong inflammatory response when inoculated in intestinal loops. Since mast cells are a rich source of inflammatory mediators, abundant in the gut, and known to be involved in C. difficile -induced enteritis, we studied the in vitro effect of toxin A on isolated mast cells. Normal rats sensitized by infection with Nippostrongilus brasiliensis were used to isolate peritoneal mast cells (PMC). PMC from naive rats were stimulated with calcium ionophore A23187 as a model of antigen-independent activation, and PMC from sensitized rats were stimulated with N. brasiliensis antigens to study immunoglobulin E-dependent mast cell activation. After 4 h, toxin A did not induce release of nitric oxide or histamine in naive PMC. However, 10 ng of toxin per ml caused a significant release of tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α). In contrast, 1 μg of toxin per ml inhibited antigen or A23187-induced histamine release by PMC. Toxin A at 1 μg/ml for 4 h caused disruption of actin which aggregated in the cytoplasm and around the nucleus. After 24 h, chromatin condensation, cytoplasmic blebbing, and apoptotic-like vesicles were observed; DNA fragmentation was documented also. These results suggest that mast cells may participate in the initial inflammatory response to C. difficile infection by releasing TNF-α upon interaction with toxin A. However, longer exposure to toxin A affects the release of inflammatory mediators, perhaps because of the alteration of the cytoskeleton and induction of apoptosis. The impaired functions and survival of mast cells by C. difficile toxin A could hamper the capacity of these cells to counteract the infection, thus prolonging the pathogenic effects of C. difficile toxins.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0019-9567 , 1098-5522
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1128/IAI.66.6.2755-2761.1998
    RVK:
    XA 10000
    Language: English
    Publisher: American Society for Microbiology
    Publication Date: 1998
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 1483247-1
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  • 4
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Carbapenemase-Producing Enterobacteriaceae in Spain in 2012
    American Society for Microbiology ; 2013
    In:  Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy Vol. 57, No. 12 ( 2013-12), p. 6344-6347
    Details
    In: Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy, American Society for Microbiology, Vol. 57, No. 12 ( 2013-12), p. 6344-6347
    Abstract: We report the epidemiological impact of carbapenemase-producing Enterobacteriaceae (CPE) in Spain in 2012. Of the 237 carbapenemases detected, 163 were from the OXA-48 group, 60 were from VIM-1, 8 were from KPC-2, 5 were from IMP, and 1 was from NDM-1. Interhospital spread of carbapenemase-producing Klebsiella pneumoniae was due to a limited number of multilocus sequence types (MLST) and carbapenemase types, including ST15–VIM-1, ST11–OXA-48, ST405–OXA-48, ST101–KPC-2, and ST11–VIM-1. The number of CPE cases in Spain has increased sharply in recent years, due mainly to the emergence of OXA-48.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0066-4804 , 1098-6596
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1128/AAC.01513-13
    RVK:
    XA 24552
    Language: English
    Publisher: American Society for Microbiology
    Publication Date: 2013
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 1496156-8
    SSG: 12
    SSG: 15,3
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  • 5
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Endocarditis Caused by Highly Penicillin-Resistant Viridans Group Streptococci: Still Room for Vancomycin-Based Regimens
    American Society for Microbiology ; 2019
    In:  Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy Vol. 63, No. 8 ( 2019-08)
    Details
    In: Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy, American Society for Microbiology, Vol. 63, No. 8 ( 2019-08)
    Abstract: Optimal treatment options remain unknown for infective endocarditis (IE) caused by penicillin-resistant (PEN-R) viridans group streptococcal (VGS) strains. The aims of this study were to report two cases of highly PEN-R VGS IE, perform a literature review, and evaluate various antibiotic combinations in vitro and in vivo . The following combinations were tested by time-kill studies and in the rabbit experimental endocarditis (EE) model: PEN-gentamicin, ceftriaxone-gentamicin, vancomycin-gentamicin, daptomycin-gentamicin, and daptomycin-ampicillin. Case 1 was caused by Streptococcus parasanguinis (PEN MIC, 4 μg/ml) and was treated with vancomycin plus cardiac surgery. Case 2 was caused by Streptococcus mitis (PEN MIC, 8 μg/ml) and was treated with 4 weeks of vancomycin plus gentamicin, followed by 2 weeks of vancomycin alone. Both patients were alive and relapse-free after ≥6 months follow-up. For the in vitro studies, except for daptomycin-ampicillin, all combinations demonstrated both synergy and bactericidal activity against the S. parasanguinis isolate. Only PEN-gentamicin, daptomycin-gentamicin, and daptomycin-ampicillin demonstrated both synergy and bactericidal activity against the S. mitis strain. Both strains developed high-level daptomycin resistance (HLDR) during daptomycin in vitro passage. In the EE studies, PEN alone failed to clear S. mitis from vegetations, while ceftriaxone and vancomycin were significantly more effective ( P   〈  0.001). The combination of gentamicin with PEN or vancomycin increased bacterial eradication compared to that with the respective monotherapies. In summary, two patients with highly PEN-R VGS IE were cured using vancomycin-based therapy. In vivo , regimens of gentamicin plus either β-lactams or vancomycin were more active than their respective monotherapies. Further clinical studies are needed to confirm the role of vancomycin-based regimens for highly PEN-R VGS IE. The emergence of HLDR among these strains warrants caution in the use of daptomycin therapy for VGS IE.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0066-4804 , 1098-6596
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1128/AAC.00516-19
    RVK:
    XA 24552
    Language: English
    Publisher: American Society for Microbiology
    Publication Date: 2019
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 1496156-8
    SSG: 12
    SSG: 15,3
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  • 6
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Activities of Polymyxin B and Cecropin A-Melittin Peptide CA(1-8)M(1-18) against a Multiresistant Strain of Acinetobacter baumannii
    American Society for Microbiology ; 2002
    In:  Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy Vol. 46, No. 3 ( 2002-03), p. 875-878
    Details
    In: Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy, American Society for Microbiology, Vol. 46, No. 3 ( 2002-03), p. 875-878
    Abstract: Polymyxin B (PXB) and the cecropin A-melittin hybrid CA(1-8)M(1-18) (KWKLFKKIGIGAVLKVLTTGLPALIS-NH 2 ) were compared for antibiotic activity on reference and multiresistant Acinetobacter baumannii strains. Significant differences for both peptides were observed on their inner membrane interaction and inhibition by environmental factors, supporting the use of CA(1-8)M(1-18) as a potential alternative to PXB against Acinetobacter .
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0066-4804 , 1098-6596
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1128/AAC.46.3.875-878.2002
    RVK:
    XA 24552
    Language: English
    Publisher: American Society for Microbiology
    Publication Date: 2002
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 1496156-8
    SSG: 12
    SSG: 15,3
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  • 7
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    Online Resource
    Role of EspA and Intimin in Expression of Proinflammatory Cytokines from Enterocytes and Lymphocytes by Rabbit Enteropathogenic Escherichia coli -Infected Rabbits
    American Society for Microbiology ; 2005
    In:  Infection and Immunity Vol. 73, No. 1 ( 2005-01), p. 103-113
    Details
    In: Infection and Immunity, American Society for Microbiology, Vol. 73, No. 1 ( 2005-01), p. 103-113
    Abstract: Enteropathogenic Escherichia coli (EPEC) produces attaching and effacing (A/E) lesions and watery diarrhea, both of which are intimin and EspA dependent. In this work, we explored the mucosal immune response by detecting cytokine induction in rabbits with diarrhea caused by rabbit EPEC (REPEC). Orally inoculated rabbits exhibited weight loss and mucosal inflammation, developed watery diarrhea, and died (day 7). At day 6 postinoculation, animals were analyzed for the induction of proinflammatory cytokines in enterocytes. The role of lymphocyte-dependent immunity was determined through the expression of proinflammatory cytokines by lymphocytes from Peyer's patches (PP) and the spleen. EspA and intimin mutants were used to explore the role of A/E lesions in the expression of these cytokines. REPEC-infected rabbit enterocytes showed increased interleukin 1β (IL-1β), IL-6, IL-8, and tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α) mRNA expression, but that of anti-inflammatory IL-10 was increased only slightly. In contrast, intimin mutant-infected rabbits were unable to produce this proinflammatory cytokine profile but did produce a remarkable increase in IL-10 expression. Bacteria lacking EspA increased the expression of IL-8 and TNF-α, but that of IL-10 was increased only slightly. PP lymphocytes also produced proinflammatory cytokines, which were dependent on EspA (except for TNF-α) and intimin, while IL-10 was induced by EspA and intimin mutants. In contrast, spleen lymphocytes (systemic compartment) were unable to produce IL-1β and TNF-α. These data show the importance of the proinflammatory cytokines secreted by enterocytes and those expressed locally by PP lymphocytes, which can activate effector mechanisms at the epithelium. Furthermore, this cytokine profile, including IL-6 and IL-1β, which may be involved in the diarrhea produced by EPEC, depends on intimin.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0019-9567 , 1098-5522
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1128/IAI.73.1.103-113.2005
    RVK:
    XA 10000
    Language: English
    Publisher: American Society for Microbiology
    Publication Date: 2005
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 1483247-1
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  • 8
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    EspF Interacts with Nucleation-Promoting Factors To Recruit Junctional Proteins into Pedestals for Pedestal Maturation and Disruption of Paracellular Permeability
    American Society for Microbiology ; 2008
    In:  Infection and Immunity Vol. 76, No. 9 ( 2008-09), p. 3854-3868
    Details
    In: Infection and Immunity, American Society for Microbiology, Vol. 76, No. 9 ( 2008-09), p. 3854-3868
    Abstract: Many pathogenic bacteria subvert normal host cell processes by delivering effector proteins which mimic eukaryotic functions directly into target cells. EspF is a multifunctional protein injected into host cells by attaching and effacing pathogens, but its mechanism of action is not understood completely. In silico analyses of EspF revealed two key motifs: proline-rich domains and PDZ domain binding motifs. Such functional domains may allow EspF to act as an actin nucleation-promoting factor by mimicking host proteins. In agreement with these predictions, we found that EspF from rabbit enteropathogenic Escherichia coli (E22) participates in the regulation of actin polymerization by binding to a complex of proteins at the tight junctions (TJ). EspF bound to actin and profilin throughout the course of infection. However, after 2 h of infection, EspF also bound to the neural Wiskott-Aldrich syndrome protein and to the Arp2/3, zonula occludens-1 (ZO-1), and ZO-2 proteins. Moreover, EspF caused occludin, claudin, ZO-1, and ZO-2 redistribution and loss of transepithelial electrical resistance, suggesting that actin sequestration by EspF may cause local actin depolymerization leading to EspF-induced TJ disruption. Furthermore, EspF caused recruitment of these TJ proteins into the pedestals. An E22 strain lacking EspF did not cause TJ disruption and pedestals were smaller than those induced by the wild-type strain. Additionally, the pedestals were located mainly in the TJ. The overexpression of EspF caused bigger pedestals located along the length of the cells. Thus, actin sequestration by EspF allows the recruitment of junctional proteins into the pedestals, leading to the maturation of actin pedestals and the disruption of paracellular permeability.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0019-9567 , 1098-5522
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1128/IAI.00072-08
    RVK:
    XA 10000
    Language: English
    Publisher: American Society for Microbiology
    Publication Date: 2008
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 1483247-1
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  • 9
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    Novel Use of Rapid Antigen Influenza Testing in the Outpatient Setting To Provide an Early Warning Sign of Influenza Activity in the Emergency Departments of an Integrated Health System
    American Society for Microbiology ; 2020
    In:  Journal of Clinical Microbiology Vol. 58, No. 12 ( 2020-11-18)
    Details
    In: Journal of Clinical Microbiology, American Society for Microbiology, Vol. 58, No. 12 ( 2020-11-18)
    Abstract: Seasonal influenza virus is associated with high morbidity and mortality especially in vulnerable patient populations. Here, we demonstrate the novel use of Sofia influenza A+B fluorescent immunoassay (FIA), a rapid antigen-based influenza point-of-care test (POCT), combined with Virena software for automatic deidentified tracking of influenza activity across the Los Angeles area and for predicting surges of influenza cases in the emergency department (ED). We divided outpatient clinics into 6 geographic zones and compared weekly influenza activity. In the outpatient setting, there were 1,666 and 274 influenza A and influenza B positives, respectively, across the 2018 to 2019 influenza season and 1,857 and 1,449 influenza A and influenza B positives, respectively, during the 2019 to 2020 influenza season, with zone-specific differences observed. Moreover, we found that a rapid increase in outpatient influenza was followed by an influx in influenza-positive cases in the ED, offering a 1- to 3-week warning sign for ED influx of triple or quadruple the number of influenza cases compared to the prior week. Sofia influenza A+B FIA allows for surveillance of real-time deidentified influenza activity. Tracking of such data may serve as a valuable region-specific influenza indicator and predictor to guide infection prevention measures in both the outpatient and hospital settings. High-impact interventions include designating areas for waiting rooms for influenza-like illnesses, altering staff scheduling in anticipation of surges, and securing sufficient personal protective equipment and antivirals during the height of influenza season.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0095-1137 , 1098-660X
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1128/JCM.01560-20
    RVK:
    XA 10000
    Language: English
    Publisher: American Society for Microbiology
    Publication Date: 2020
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 1498353-9
    SSG: 12
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  • 10
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    Online Resource
    Automatic Discrimination of Species within the Enterobacter cloacae Complex Using Matrix-Assisted Laser Desorption Ionization–Time of Flight Mass Spectrometry and Supervised Algorithms
    American Society for Microbiology ; 2023
    In:  Journal of Clinical Microbiology Vol. 61, No. 4 ( 2023-04-20)
    Details
    In: Journal of Clinical Microbiology, American Society for Microbiology, Vol. 61, No. 4 ( 2023-04-20)
    Abstract: The Enterobacter cloacae complex (ECC) encompasses heterogeneous clusters of species that have been associated with nosocomial outbreaks. These species may have different acquired antimicrobial resistance and virulence mechanisms, and their identification is challenging. This study aims to develop predictive models based on matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization–time of flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF MS) profiles and machine learning for species-level identification. A total of 219 ECC and 118 Klebsiella aerogenes clinical isolates from three hospitals were included. The capability of the proposed method to differentiate the most common ECC species ( Enterobacter asburiae , Enterobacter kobei , Enterobacter hormaechei , Enterobacter roggenkampii , Enterobacter ludwigii , and Enterobacter bugandensis ) and K. aerogenes was demonstrated by applying unsupervised hierarchical clustering with principal-component analysis (PCA) preprocessing. We observed a distinctive clustering of E. hormaechei and K. aerogenes and a clear trend for the rest of the ECC species to be differentiated over the development data set. Thus, we developed supervised, nonlinear predictive models (support vector machine with radial basis function and random forest). The external validation of these models with protein spectra from two participating hospitals yielded 100% correct species-level assignment for E. asburiae , E. kobei , and E. roggenkampii and between 91.2% and 98.0% for the remaining ECC species; with data analyzed in the three participating centers, the accuracy was close to 100%. Similar results were obtained with the Mass Spectrometric Identification (MSI) database developed recently ( https://msi.happy-dev.fr ) except in the case of E. hormaechei , which was more accurately identified with the random forest algorithm. In short, MALDI-TOF MS combined with machine learning was demonstrated to be a rapid and accurate method for the differentiation of ECC species.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0095-1137 , 1098-660X
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1128/jcm.01049-22
    RVK:
    XA 10000
    Language: English
    Publisher: American Society for Microbiology
    Publication Date: 2023
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 1498353-9
    SSG: 12
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