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  • American Physiological Society  (3)
  • Biology  (3)
  • 1
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Single passive leg movement assessment of vascular function: contribution of nitric oxide
    American Physiological Society ; 2017
    In:  Journal of Applied Physiology Vol. 123, No. 6 ( 2017-12-01), p. 1468-1476
    Details
    In: Journal of Applied Physiology, American Physiological Society, Vol. 123, No. 6 ( 2017-12-01), p. 1468-1476
    Abstract: The assessment of passive leg movement (PLM)-induced leg blood flow (LBF) and vascular conductance (LVC) is a novel approach to assess vascular function that has recently been simplified to only a single PLM (sPLM), thereby increasing the clinical utility of this technique. As the physiological mechanisms mediating the robust increase in LBF and LVC with sPLM are unknown, we tested the hypothesis that nitric oxide (NO) is a major contributor to the sPLM-induced LBF and LVC response. In nine healthy men, sPLM was performed with and without NO synthase inhibition by intra-arterial infusion of N G -monomethyl-l-arginine (l-NMMA). Doppler ultrasound and femoral arterial pressure were used to determine LBF and LVC, which were characterized by the peak change (ΔLBF peak and ΔLVC peak ) and area under the curve (LBF AUC and LVC AUC ). l-NMMA significantly attenuated ΔLBF peak [492 ± 153 (l-NMMA) vs. 719 ± 238 (control) ml/min], LBF AUC [57 ± 34 (l NMMA) vs. 147 ± 63 (control) ml], ΔLVC peak [4.7 ± 1.1 (l-NMMA) vs. 8.0 ± 3.0 (control) ml·min −1 ·mmHg −1 ], and LVC AUC [0.5 ± 0.3 (l-NMMA) vs. 1.6 ± 0.9 (control) ml/mmHg]. The magnitude of the NO contribution to LBF and LVC was significantly correlated with the magnitude of the control responses ( r = 0.94 for ΔLBF peak , r = 0.85 for LBF AUC , r = 0.94 for ΔLVC peak , and r = 0.95 for LVC AUC ). These data establish that the sPLM-induced hyperemic and vasodilatory response is predominantly (~65%) NO-mediated. As such, sPLM appears to be a promising, simple, in vivo assessment of NO-mediated vascular function and NO bioavailability. NEW & NOTEWORTHY Passive leg movement (PLM), a novel assessment of vascular function, has been simplified to a single PLM (sPLM), thereby increasing the clinical utility of this technique. However, the role of nitric oxide (NO) in mediating the robust sPLM hemodynamic responses is unknown. This study revealed that sPLM induces a hyperemic and vasodilatory response that is predominantly NO-mediated and, as such, appears to be a promising simple, in vivo, clinical assessment of NO-mediated vascular function and, therefore, NO bioavailability.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 8750-7587 , 1522-1601
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1152/japplphysiol.00533.2017
    RVK:
    WA 15000
    RVK:
    XA 52094
    Language: English
    Publisher: American Physiological Society
    Publication Date: 2017
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 1404365-8
    SSG: 12
    SSG: 31
    Location Call Number Limitation Availability
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    Online Resource
  • 2
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Delineating the age-related attenuation of vascular function: Evidence supporting the efficacy of the single passive leg movement as a screening tool
    American Physiological Society ; 2019
    In:  Journal of Applied Physiology Vol. 126, No. 6 ( 2019-06-01), p. 1525-1532
    Details
    In: Journal of Applied Physiology, American Physiological Society, Vol. 126, No. 6 ( 2019-06-01), p. 1525-1532
    Abstract: Continuous passive leg movement (PLM) is a promising clinical assessment of the age-related decline in peripheral vascular function. To further refine PLM, this study evaluated the efficacy of a single PLM (sPLM), a simplified variant of the more established continuous movement approach, to delineate between healthy young and old men based on vascular function. Twelve young (26 ± 5 yr) and 12 old (70 ± 7 yr) subjects underwent sPLM (a single passive flexion and extension of the knee joint through 90°), with leg blood flow (LBF, common femoral artery with Doppler ultrasound), blood pressure (finger photoplethysmography), and leg vascular conductance (LVC) assessed. A receiver operator characteristic curve analysis was used to determine an age-specific cut score, and a factor analysis was performed to assess covariance. Baseline LBF and LVC were not different between groups ( P = 0.6). The high level of covariance and similar predictive value for all PLM-induced LBF and LVC responses indicates LBF, alone, can act as a surrogate variable in this paradigm. The peak sPLM-induced increase in LBF from baseline was attenuated in the old (Young: 717 ± 227, Old: 260 ± 97 ml/min, P 〈 0.001; cut score: 372 ml/min), as was the total LBF response (Young: 155 ± 67, Old: 26 ± 17 ml, P 〈 0.001; cut score: 58 ml). sPLM, a simplified version of PLM, exhibits the prerequisite qualities of a valid screening test for peripheral vascular dysfunction, as evidenced by an age-related attenuation in the peripheral hyperemic response and a clearly delineated age-specific cut score. NEW & NOTEWORTHY Single passive leg movement (sPLM) exhibits the prerequisite qualities of a valid screening test for peripheral vascular dysfunction. sPLM displayed an age-related reduction in the peripheral hemodynamic response for amplitude, duration, initial rate of change, and total change with clearly delineated age-specific cut scores. sPLM has a strong candidate variable that is a simple single numeric value, for which to appraise peripheral vascular function, the 45-s hyperemic response (leg blood flow area under the curve: 45 s).
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 8750-7587 , 1522-1601
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1152/japplphysiol.01084.2018
    RVK:
    WA 15000
    RVK:
    XA 52094
    Language: English
    Publisher: American Physiological Society
    Publication Date: 2019
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 1404365-8
    SSG: 12
    SSG: 31
    Location Call Number Limitation Availability
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    Online Resource
  • 3
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    The role of the endothelium in the hyperemic response to passive leg movement: looking beyond nitric oxide
    American Physiological Society ; 2021
    In:  American Journal of Physiology-Heart and Circulatory Physiology Vol. 320, No. 2 ( 2021-02-01), p. H668-H678
    Details
    In: American Journal of Physiology-Heart and Circulatory Physiology, American Physiological Society, Vol. 320, No. 2 ( 2021-02-01), p. H668-H678
    Abstract: Passive leg movement (PLM) evokes a robust and predominantly nitric oxide (NO)-mediated increase in blood flow that declines with age and disease. Consequently, PLM is becoming increasingly accepted as a sensitive assessment of endothelium-mediated vascular function. However, a substantial PLM-induced hyperemic response is still evoked despite nitric oxide synthase (NOS) inhibition. Therefore, in nine young healthy men (25 ± 4 yr), this investigation aimed to determine whether the combination of two potent endothelium-dependent vasodilators, specifically prostaglandin (PG) and endothelium-derived hyperpolarizing factor (EDHF), account for the remaining hyperemic response to the two variants of PLM, PLM (60 movements) and single PLM (sPLM, 1 movement), when NOS is inhibited. The leg blood flow (LBF, Doppler ultrasound) response to PLM and sPLM following the intra-arterial infusion of N G -monomethyl-l-arginine (l-NMMA), to inhibit NOS, was compared to the combined inhibition of NOS, cyclooxygenase (COX), and cytochrome P-450 (CYP450) by l-NMMA, ketorolac tromethamine (KET), and fluconazole (FLUC), respectively. NOS inhibition attenuated the overall LBF [area under the curve (LBF AUC )] response to both PLM (control: 456 ± 194, l-NMMA: 168 ± 127 mL, P 〈 0.01) and sPLM (control: 185 ± 171, l-NMMA: 62 ± 31 mL, P = 0.03). The combined inhibition of NOS, COX, and CYP450 (i.e., l-NMMA+KET+FLUC) did not further attenuate the hyperemic responses to PLM (LBF AUC : 271 ± 97 mL, P 〉 0.05) or sPLM (LBF AUC : 72 ± 45 mL, P 〉 0.05). Therefore, PG and EDHF do not collectively contribute to the non-NOS-derived NO-mediated, endothelium-dependent hyperemic response to either PLM or sPLM in healthy young men. These findings add to the mounting evidence and understanding of the vasodilatory pathways assessed by the PLM and sPLM vascular function tests. NEW & NOTEWORTHY Passive leg movement (PLM) evokes a highly nitric oxide (NO)-mediated hyperemic response and may provide a novel evaluation of vascular function. The contributions of endothelium-dependent vasodilatory pathways, beyond NO and including prostaglandins and endothelium-derived hyperpolarizing factor, to the PLM-induced hyperemic response to PLM have not been evaluated. With intra-arterial drug infusion, the combined inhibition of nitric oxide synthase (NOS), cyclooxygenase, and cytochrome P-450 (CYP450) pathways did not further diminish the hyperemic response to PLM compared with NOS inhibition alone.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0363-6135 , 1522-1539
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1152/ajpheart.00784.2020
    RVK:
    WA 15000
    Language: English
    Publisher: American Physiological Society
    Publication Date: 2021
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 1477308-9
    SSG: 12
    Location Call Number Limitation Availability
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    Online Resource
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