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  • American Meteorological Society  (3)
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  • American Meteorological Society  (3)
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  • 1
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    The Effects of a Well-Resolved Stratosphere on the Simulated Boreal Winter Circulation in a Climate Model
    American Meteorological Society ; 2019
    In:  Journal of the Atmospheric Sciences Vol. 76, No. 5 ( 2019-05-01), p. 1203-1226
    Details
    In: Journal of the Atmospheric Sciences, American Meteorological Society, Vol. 76, No. 5 ( 2019-05-01), p. 1203-1226
    Abstract: The impact of stratospheric representation is investigated using the Model for Interdisciplinary Research on Climate Atmospheric General Circulation Model (MIROC-AGCM) run with different model-lid heights and stratospheric vertical resolutions, but unchanged horizontal resolutions (~1.125°) and subgrid parameterizations. One-hundred-year integrations of the model were conducted using configurations with 34, 42, 72, and 168 vertical layers and model-lid heights of ~27 km (L34), 47 km (L42), 47 km (L72), and 100 km (L168). Analysis of the results focused on the Northern Hemisphere in winter. Compared with the L42 model, the L34 model produces a poorer simulation of the stratospheric Brewer–Dobson circulation (BDC) in the lower stratosphere, with weaker polar downwelling and accompanying cold-pole and westerly jet biases. The westerly bias extends into the troposphere and even to the surface. The tropospheric westerlies and zone of baroclinic wave activity shift northward; surface pressure has negative (positive) biases in the high (mid-) latitudes, with concomitant precipitation shifts. The L72 and L168 models generate a quasi-biennial oscillation (QBO) while the L34 and 42 models do not. The L168 model includes the mesosphere, and thus resolves the upper branch of the BDC. The L72 model simulates stronger polar downwelling associated with the BDC than does the L42 model. However, experiments with prescribed nudging of the tropical stratospheric winds suggest differences in the QBO representation cannot account for L72 − L42 differences in the climatological polar night jet structure. The results show that the stratospheric vertical resolution and inclusion of the full middle atmosphere significantly affect tropospheric circulations.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0022-4928 , 1520-0469
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1175/JAS-D-18-0206.1
    RVK:
    UA 4800
    Language: English
    Publisher: American Meteorological Society
    Publication Date: 2019
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 218351-1
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2025890-2
    SSG: 16,13
    Location Call Number Limitation Availability
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    Online Resource
  • 2
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Roles of Intraseasonal Disturbances and Diabatic Heating in the East Asian Jet Stream Variabilities Associated with the East Asian Winter Monsoon
    American Meteorological Society ; 2018
    In:  Journal of Climate Vol. 31, No. 7 ( 2018-04), p. 2871-2887
    Details
    In: Journal of Climate, American Meteorological Society, Vol. 31, No. 7 ( 2018-04), p. 2871-2887
    Abstract: This study evaluates the relative importance of diabatic heating and intraseasonal disturbances with regard to the variabilities of the East Asian jet stream (EAJS) associated with the East Asian winter monsoon (EAWM). First, strong and weak monsoon years are selected based on the EAWM index of Jhun and Lee, which is highly correlated with the monsoon northerlies between the Eurasian continent and the Pacific. The EAJS is stronger and narrower in strong monsoon years and weaker and wider in weak monsoon years. Model experiments were performed to investigate the atmospheric response to the diabatic heating and the eddy–mean flow feedback from the intraseasonal disturbances. The diabatic heating is closely related to the convective activities. The intraseasonal disturbances include high-frequency components with periods of 3–10 days and low-frequency components with periods of 10–90 days. The model results indicate that the diabatic heating plays a major role maintaining the stronger and weaker EAJS in the strong and weak monsoon years, respectively, whereas the impacts of the eddy feedback are relatively small.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0894-8755 , 1520-0442
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1175/JCLI-D-16-0390.1
    RVK:
    UA 4548
    Language: English
    Publisher: American Meteorological Society
    Publication Date: 2018
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 246750-1
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2021723-7
    Location Call Number Limitation Availability
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    Online Resource
  • 3
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Formulation of Three-Dimensional Quasi-Residual Mean Flow Balanced with Diabatic Heating Rate and Potential Vorticity Flux
    American Meteorological Society ; 2019
    In:  Journal of the Atmospheric Sciences Vol. 76, No. 3 ( 2019-03-01), p. 851-863
    Details
    In: Journal of the Atmospheric Sciences, American Meteorological Society, Vol. 76, No. 3 ( 2019-03-01), p. 851-863
    Abstract: Three-dimensional (3D) quasi-residual mean flow is derived to diagnose 3D dynamical material transport associated with stationary planetary waves. The 3D quasi-residual mean vertical flow does not include the vertical flow due to tilting of the potential temperature caused by stationary waves, which is apparent but not seen in the mass-weighted isentropic mean state. Thus, the quasi-residual mean vertical flow is balanced with the term of diabatic heating rate. The 3D quasi-residual mean horizontal flow is balanced with the sum of the forcing due to transient wave activity flux divergence and the forcing associated with fluctuation of the potential vorticity due to stationary waves (defined as the effective Coriolis forcing). The zonal mean of the effective Coriolis forcing corresponds to the divergence of stationary wave activity flux. Thus, the zonal mean of derived 3D quasi-residual mean flow is exactly equal to the traditional residual mean flow. To demonstrate the usefulness of this quasi-residual mean flow, we analyze material transport of atmospheric sulfur hexafluoride (SF6) by using an atmospheric chemistry transport model. Comparison between the derived 3D quasi-residual mean flow and traditional residual mean flow shows that the zonal mean of advection of SF6 associated with the 3D quasi-residual mean flow derived is almost equal to that of the traditional residual mean flow. Next, it is confirmed that the horizontal structure of advection of SF6 associated with the 3D quasi-residual mean flow is balanced with the transport because of the nonlinear, nonconservative effects of disturbances. This relation is similar to the results for traditional residual mean flow in the zonal-mean state.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0022-4928 , 1520-0469
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1175/JAS-D-18-0085.1
    RVK:
    UA 4800
    Language: English
    Publisher: American Meteorological Society
    Publication Date: 2019
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 218351-1
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2025890-2
    SSG: 16,13
    Location Call Number Limitation Availability
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    Online Resource
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