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  • American Meteorological Society  (2)
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  • American Meteorological Society  (2)
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  • 1
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Soil Moisture Droughts under the Retrospective and Projected Climate in India*
    American Meteorological Society ; 2014
    In:  Journal of Hydrometeorology Vol. 15, No. 6 ( 2014-12-01), p. 2267-2292
    Details
    In: Journal of Hydrometeorology, American Meteorological Society, Vol. 15, No. 6 ( 2014-12-01), p. 2267-2292
    Abstract: Changes in precipitation, air temperature, and model-simulated soil moisture were examined for the observed (1950–2008) and projected (2010–99) climate for the sowing period of Kharif and Rabi [KHARIF_SOW (May–July) and RABI_SOW (October–December)] and the entire Kharif and Rabi [KHARIF (May–October) and RABI (October–April)] crop-growing periods in India. During the KHARIF_SOW and KHARIF periods, precipitation declined significantly in the Gangetic Plain, which in turn resulted in declines in soil moisture. Statistically significant warming trends were noticed as all-India-averaged air temperature increased by 0.40°, 0.90°, and 0.70°C in the KHARIF, RABI_SOW, and RABI periods, respectively, during 1950–2008. Frequency and areal extent of soil moisture–based droughts increased substantially during the latter half (1980–2008) of the observed period. Under the projected climate (2010–99), precipitation, air temperature, and soil moisture are projected to increase in all four crop-growing seasons. In the projected climate, all-India ensemble mean precipitation, air temperature, and soil moisture are projected to increase up to 39% (RABI_SOW period), 2.3°C, and 5.3%, respectively, in the crop-growing periods. While projected changes in air temperature are robust across India, robust increases in precipitation and soil moisture are projected to occur in the end-term (2070–99) climate. Frequency and areal extents of soil moisture–based severe, extreme, and exceptional droughts are projected to increase in the near- (2010–39) and midterm (2040–69) climate in the majority of crop-growing seasons in India. However, frequency and areal extent of droughts during the crop-growing period are projected to decline in the end-term climate in the entire crop-growing period because of projected increases in the monsoon season precipitation.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1525-755X , 1525-7541
    URL: Article
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1175/JHM-D-13-0177.1
    DOI: 10.1175/JHM-D-13-0177.s1
    Language: English
    Publisher: American Meteorological Society
    Publication Date: 2014
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2042176-X
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    Online Resource
  • 2
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Statistical Downscaling Using Localized Constructed Analogs (LOCA)*
    American Meteorological Society ; 2014
    In:  Journal of Hydrometeorology Vol. 15, No. 6 ( 2014-12-01), p. 2558-2585
    Details
    In: Journal of Hydrometeorology, American Meteorological Society, Vol. 15, No. 6 ( 2014-12-01), p. 2558-2585
    Abstract: A new technique for statistically downscaling climate model simulations of daily temperature and precipitation is introduced and demonstrated over the western United States. The localized constructed analogs (LOCA) method produces downscaled estimates suitable for hydrological simulations using a multiscale spatial matching scheme to pick appropriate analog days from observations. First, a pool of candidate observed analog days is chosen by matching the model field to be downscaled to observed days over the region that is positively correlated with the point being downscaled, which leads to a natural independence of the downscaling results to the extent of the domain being downscaled. Then, the one candidate analog day that best matches in the local area around the grid cell being downscaled is the single analog day used there. Most grid cells are downscaled using only the single locally selected analog day, but locations whose neighboring cells identify a different analog day use a weighted combination of the center and adjacent analog days to reduce edge discontinuities. By contrast, existing constructed analog methods typically use a weighted average of the same 30 analog days for the entire domain. By greatly reducing this averaging, LOCA produces better estimates of extreme days, constructs a more realistic depiction of the spatial coherence of the downscaled field, and reduces the problem of producing too many light-precipitation days. The LOCA method is more computationally expensive than existing constructed analog techniques, but it is still practical for downscaling numerous climate model simulations with limited computational resources.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1525-755X , 1525-7541
    URL: Article
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1175/JHM-D-14-0082.1
    DOI: 10.1175/JHM-D-14-0082.s1
    Language: English
    Publisher: American Meteorological Society
    Publication Date: 2014
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2042176-X
    Location Call Number Limitation Availability
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    Online Resource
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