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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    A two-dimensional theory and propagation of beam fanning in photorefractive crystals (1994)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 75 (1994), S. 1891-1895 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: A general two-dimensional model to describe beam fanning, which takes into consideration the finite width of the input beam and the interaction between different directions of the fanning beam, is presented. By numerical calculation of the coupled equations, the well-known curved path of a propagating beam inside photorefractive crystals is explained, and the propagation properties of the fanning beam inside the crystals are studied and discussed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.356335
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Mechanism of self-pumped phase conjugation in photorefractive crystals (1996)
    Woodbury, NY : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Applied Physics Letters 69 (1996), S. 4005-4007 
    Details
    ISSN: 1077-3118
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: A two-dimensional model for the self-pumped phase conjugation in a photorefractive crystal is presented. In the model, no internal reflections at a corner of the crystal are explicitly considered, aside from some low intensity scattered radiation at the crystal surfaces. The numerical simulations of the curved beam path inside the crystal show agreement with experimental observations. The numerical results of high-reflectivity and high-fidelity phase conjugation are consistent with experimental results. © 1996 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.117852
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Optical limiting properties of phthalocyanine-fullerene derivatives (2001)
    Woodbury, NY : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Applied Physics Letters 78 (2001), S. 1319-1321 
    Details
    ISSN: 1077-3118
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: The solubility of fullerene (C60) is improved by combining it with an alkyl group of substituted copper (II) phthalocyanine (CuPc) through Diels–Alder reaction. Optical limiting properties of this compound were investigated by using a double frequency Nd:YAG laser system at a wavelength of 532 nm with pulse duration of 45 ps. The results show that there are two separated conjugation systems in this kind of molecule. Both of them independently contribute to the reverse saturable absorption. Broadband optical limiting materials might be designed based on the combination of various optical limiting molecules through covalent bonds. Phase separation problems existing in the mixture of various materials can be avoided. © 2001 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1352670
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  • 4
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    Low dielectric loss and weak frequency dependence of dielectric permittivity of the CeO2/polystyrene nanocomposite films (2014)
    American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2014-08-06
    Description: Nanocomposite films with cerium oxide (CeO 2 ) nanoparticles as functional fillers and polystyrene (PS) as polymer matrix were prepared using solution casting method. Physical properties including both weak frequency dependence of dielectric permittivity and low dielectric loss were experimentally discovered in the CeO 2 /PS nanocomposite films. To improve the dielectric properties of films further, the surface of CeO 2 nanoparticles was treated by H 2 O 2 to increase the homogeneity of the nanocomposite film, which was confirmed by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) results. Furthermore, it was found that both the filler size and the filler volume fraction played a role on the dielectric properties of the nanocomposite films.
    Print ISSN: 0003-6951
    Electronic ISSN: 1077-3118
    Topics: Physics
    Published by American Institute of Physics (AIP)
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  • 5
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    Mode competition and selection in overmoded surface wave oscillator (2016)
    American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2016-05-21
    Description: The overmoded surface wave oscillator (SWO) is one of the promising devices to generate high-power millimeter and subterahertz waves for its merits of high efficiency and easy fabrication. But the employed slow wave structure with large diameter may introduce mode competition as the adverse effects. Therefore, the mode competition and selection in the overmoded surface wave oscillator are investigated in detail in this paper. By using the theoretical analysis and particle-in-cell simulation, the potential transverse mode and axial mode competition is pointed out, and the physical mechanisms and methods for mode selection are investigated. At last, the results are verified in the design of a 0.14 THz overmoded SWO without mode competition, which can generate the output power up to 70 MW at the frequency of 146.3 GHz with conversion efficiency almost 20% when beam voltage and current are, respectively, about 313 kV and 1.13 kA.
    Print ISSN: 1070-664X
    Electronic ISSN: 1089-7674
    Topics: Physics
    Published by American Institute of Physics (AIP)
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  • 6
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    Effect of surface fields on the dynamic resistance of planar HgCdTe mid-wavelength infrared photodiodes (2015)
    American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2015-05-23
    Description: This work investigates the effect of surface fields on the dynamic resistance of a planar HgCdTe mid-wavelength infrared photodiode from both theoretical and experimental aspects, considering a gated n -on- p diode with the surface potential of its p -region modulated. Theoretical models of the surface leakage current are developed, where the surface tunnelling current in the case of accumulation is expressed by modifying the formulation of bulk tunnelling currents, and the surface channel current for strong inversion is simulated with a transmission line method. Experimental data from the fabricated devices show a flat-band voltage of V F B = − 5.7   V by capacitance-voltage measurement, and then the physical parameters for bulk properties are determined from the resistance-voltage characteristics of the diode working at a flat-band gate voltage. With proper values of the modeling parameters such as surface trap density and channel electron mobility, the theoretical R 0 A product and corresponding dark current calculated from the proposed model as functions of the gate voltage V g demonstrate good consistency with the measured values. The R 0 A product remarkably degenerates when V g is far below or above V FB because of the surface tunnelling current or channel current, respectively; and it attains the maximum value of 5.7 × 10 7   Ω   ·   cm 2 around the transition between surface depletion and weak inversion when V g ≈ − 4   V , which might result from reduced generation-recombination current.
    Print ISSN: 0021-8979
    Electronic ISSN: 1089-7550
    Topics: Physics
    Published by American Institute of Physics (AIP)
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  • 7
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    Atmospheric air diffuse array-needles dielectric barrier discharge excited by positive, negative, and bipolar nanosecond pulses in large electrode gap (2014)
    American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2014-09-18
    Description: In this paper, positive, negative, and bipolar nanosecond pulses are employed to generate stable and diffuse discharge plasma using array needles-plate electrode configuration at atmospheric pressure. A comparison study of discharge images, electrical characteristics, optical emission spectra, and plasma vibrational temperature and rotational temperatures in three pulsed polarity discharges is carried on under different discharge conditions. It is found that bipolar pulse is beneficial to the excitation of diffuse dielectric barrier discharge, which can generate a room temperature plasma with more homogeneous and higher discharge intensity compared with unipolar discharges. Under the condition of 6 mm electrode gap distance, 26 kV pulse peak voltage, and 150 Hz pulse repetition rate, the emission intensity of N 2 (C 3 Π u → B 3 Π g ) of the bipolar pulsed discharge is 4 times higher than the unipolar discharge (both positive and negative), while the plasma gas temperature is kept at 300 K, which is about 10–20 K lower than the unipolar discharge plasma.
    Print ISSN: 0021-8979
    Electronic ISSN: 1089-7550
    Topics: Physics
    Published by American Institute of Physics (AIP)
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  • 8
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    Measurement of absorption spectrum of deuterium oxide (D2O) and its application to signal enhancement in multiphoton microscopy at the 1700-nm window (2016)
    American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2016-01-15
    Description: 1700-nm window has been demonstrated to be a promising excitation window for deep-tissue multiphoton microscopy (MPM). Long working-distance water immersion objective lenses are typically used for deep-tissue imaging. However, absorption due to immersion water at 1700 nm is still high and leads to dramatic decrease in signals. In this paper, we demonstrate measurement of absorption spectrum of deuterium oxide (D 2 O) from 1200 nm to 2600 nm, covering the three low water-absorption windows potentially applicable for deep-tissue imaging (1300 nm, 1700 nm, and 2200 nm). We apply this measured result to signal enhancement in MPM at the 1700-nm window. Compared with water immersion, D 2 O immersion enhances signal levels in second-harmonic generation imaging, 3-photon fluorescence imaging, and third-harmonic generation imaging by 8.1, 24.8, and 24.7 times with 1662-nm excitation, in good agreement with theoretical calculation based on our absorption measurement. This suggests D 2 O a promising immersion medium for deep-tissue imaging.
    Print ISSN: 0003-6951
    Electronic ISSN: 1077-3118
    Topics: Physics
    Published by American Institute of Physics (AIP)
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  • 9
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    Overmoded subterahertz surface wave oscillator with pure TM01 mode output (2016)
    American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2016-02-06
    Description: Overmoded O-type Cerenkov generators using annular electron beams are facing the problem of multi-modes output due to the inevitable structural discontinuities. A simple but effective method to achieve the pure TM 01 mode output is applied on the 0.14 THz overmoded surface wave oscillator (SWO) in this paper. In spite of still using an overmoded slow wave structure to ensure the easy fabrication, the followed smooth circular waveguide is shrinkingly tapered to the output waveguide with appropriate radius that it cuts off other higher modes except TM 01 mode. Moreover, the modified device here has the same power capacity as the previous one according to the numerical analysis. By optimized lengths of the transition waveguide and tapered waveguide, particle-in-cell simulation results indicate that the subterahertz wave with output power increased 14.2% at the same frequency is obtained from the proposed SWO under the previous input conditions, and importantly, the output power is all carried by TM 01 mode as expected. Further simulation results in the pulse regime confirm the feasibility of the optimized structure in the actual experiments. This simple and viable design is also applicable to overmoded devices in the lower frequency band of subterahertz wave.
    Print ISSN: 1070-664X
    Electronic ISSN: 1089-7674
    Topics: Physics
    Published by American Institute of Physics (AIP)
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  • 10
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    Split-loop resonator array for microwave energy harvesting (2016)
    American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2016-11-17
    Description: In this paper, we propose a three-dimensional split-loop resonator composed of a bended wire, a metallic ground slab, and a coaxial line loaded with a lumped matching resistor to mimic the input impedance of a rectifier. An ensemble of such resonators can function as an efficient energy harvester. The energy capture mechanism is explained by an equivalent circuit model. A 20 × 20 resonator array is fabricated to resonate around 2.45 GHz. The simulated and measured results indicate that the proposed resonator array has nearly unity energy conversion efficiency at the resonant frequency and is quite promising as an energy harvester in the microwave wireless power transmission system.
    Print ISSN: 0003-6951
    Electronic ISSN: 1077-3118
    Topics: Physics
    Published by American Institute of Physics (AIP)
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