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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Energy budget of the predatory marine gastropod Polinices duplicatus (1981)
    Springer
    Marine biology 61 (1981), S. 221-226 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1793
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Based on direct monitoring of feeding and growth under field conditions and frequent measurements of respiration and energy content in the laboratory, annual energy budgets were derived for Polinices duplicatus feeding on Mya arenaria at Barnstable Harbor, Massachusetts. The gross growth efficiency (Pg/C) of P. duplicatus was high (35%) and varied inversely with snail size. The proportion of ingested energy expended on respiration (R/C) was modest (44%) and varied directly with snail size and inversely with temperature. The energetic efficiencies of P. duplicatus agreed with the few results available for othe predatory molluscs and differed from most results available for herbivorous and detritivorous molluscs.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00386663
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Blast wave measurements close to explosive charges (1992)
    Springer
    Shock waves 2 (1992), S. 237-243 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2153
    Keywords: Blast wave ; Explosive ; Hopkinson bar
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Physics , Technology
    Notes: Abstract The paper reports the results of experimental measurements of the reflection pressures close to spherical charges of TNT. These measurements were made using a pressure bar technique. Charge weights of up to 3.6 kg were used, with the reflecting plane in the range 25 to 300 mm from the charge surface. A possible wave interaction model is discussed, to account for the observed pressure profiles, and its qualitative correctness checked by means of numerical simulation.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01414759
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Different types of rectification at electrical synapses made by a single crayfish neurone investigated experimentally and by computer simulation (1991)
    Springer
    Journal of comparative physiology 169 (1991), S. 707-718 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1351
    Keywords: Crayfish ; Electrical synapse ; Rectification ; Computer simulation
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary The rectification properties of electrical synapses made by the segmental giant (SG) neurone of crayfish (Pacifastacus leniusculus) were investigated. The SG acts as an interneurone, transmitting information from the giant command fibres (GFs) to the abdominal fast flexor (FF) motoneurones. The GF-SG (input) synapses are inwardly-rectifying electrical synapses, while the SG-FF (output) synapses are outwardly rectifying electrical synapses. This implies that a single neurone can make gap junction hemichannels with different rectification properties. The coupling coefficient of these synapses is dependent upon transjunctional potential. There is a standing gradient in resting potential between the GFs, SG and FFs, with the GFs the most hyperpolarized, and the FFs the most depolarized. The gradient thus biases each synapse into the low-conductance state under resting conditions. There is functional double rectification between the bilateral pairs of SGs within a single segment, such that depolarizing membrane potential changes of either SG pass to the other SG with less attenuation than do hyperpolarizing potential changes. Computer simulation suggests that this may result from coupling through the intermediary FF neurones.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00194899
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    A quantitative description of inhibition of stem growth in vegetative lateral shoots of Chrysanthemum morifolium by N-dimethylaminosuccinamic acid (daminozide) (1973)
    Springer
    Planta 112 (1973), S. 71-82 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2048
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Summary The concentration of N-dimethylaminosuccinamic acid (daminozide) in four lateral shoot fractions of vegetative plants of chrysanthemum morifolium cv. Bright Golden Anne was determined at intervals over twenty three days following 0.2%, 0.6% and 1.5% foliar spray applications of this growth retardant. The decrease in daminozide concentration in stem tissue conformed to first order kinetics, but in leaf fractions did not follow any simple pattern. Inhibition by daminozide of lateral shoot growth was wholly attributable to its effect on the stem. A mathematical treatment, based on an approach originally developed to describe inhibition of bacterial growth, describes the relationship between daminozide concentration in the stem and inhibition of growth in stem mass. The results quantitatively describe the phenomenon of “growing out” which is frequently observed in daminozide-treated plants, and suggest that daminozide exerts its primary effect at a site located in the stem.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00386033
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    A simple kinetic model for leaf photosynthesis and respiration (1971)
    Springer
    Planta 101 (1971), S. 43-50 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2048
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Summary A simple kinetic model for leaf photosynthesis and respiration is described. The model takes into account the different natures of the physical and chemical processes involved in photosynthesis, and examines the response of net photosynthesis to changes in the incident light flux density, ambient carbon dioxide concentration and leaf temperature. It is shown that a quantitative description of the response to light flux density may be obtained. The model qualitatively describes the response of net photosynthesis to changing ambient carbon dioxide concentration and temperature.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00387689
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The gill symbiont of the hydrothermal vent mussel Bathymodiolus thermophilus is a psychrophilic, chemoautotrophic, sulfur bacterium (1995)
    Springer
    Marine biology 121 (1995), S. 487-495 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1793
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Certain hydrothermal vent invertebrates, e.g. Riftia pachyptila and Calyptogena magnifica, are clearly established as harboring dense populations of chemoautotrophic sulfur bacteria in specialized tissues. By contrast, the physiological characteristics of the abundant intracellular gill symbiont of the vent mussel Bathymodiolus thermophilus have been questioned. The low activities of enzymes diagnostic for CO2 fixation (Calvin cycle) and for sulfur-driven energy generation, as measured by other investigators, have been attributed to bacterial contamination of the gill surface. Based on research at the Galápagos Rift hydrothermal vents in 1988 and subsequent laboratory experiments, the current study confirms that the B. thermophilus symbiont is a psychrophile for which thiosulfate and sulfide stimulate CO2 fixation. It strongly indicates that the symbiont is a chemoautotroph by establishing the following: (1) Sulfide and thiosulfate can stimulate CO2 fixation by partially purified symbionts by up to 43-fold and 120-fold, respectively; (2) the ribulose-1,5-bisphosphate carboxylase/oxygenase activity of the symbiont is sufficient to account for its sulfide- or thiosulfate-stimulated CO2 incorporation; (3) the symbiont's molar growth yield on thiosulfate, as judged by CO2 incorporation, is indistinguishable from that of free-living chemoautotrophs. Due to the high protein-degrading activity of B. thermophilus gill lysate, it is also suggested that host lysis of symbionts plays a more important role in the nutrition of the vent mussel than in R. pachyptila or C. magnifica, for which no comparable protein-degrading activity was found.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00349457
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Guidelines for training in intensive care medicine (1994)
    Springer
    Intensive care medicine 20 (1994), S. 80-81 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1238
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02425062
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Evidence for an olfactory receptor which responds to nicotine — nicotine as an odorant (1987)
    Springer
    Cellular and molecular life sciences 43 (1987), S. 868-873 
    Details
    ISSN: 1420-9071
    Keywords: Nicotine ; odorant ; electro-olfactogram ; olfaction ; receptor ; rat
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary The tobacco alkaloid (S)(−)-nicotine, when applied as a vapour to an in vitro head preparation, stimulates the olfactory epithelium in three strains of rats and to a lesser extent in two strains of mice. The electro-olfactogram (EOG) generated by nicotine has similar characteristics to the EOGs produced by known odorants. The nicotine EOG increases with increasing concentration of nicotine vapour (1–100 nM) applied to the olfactory epithelium. Differential reduction of the nicotine EOG by the lectin concanavalin A is seen in Wistar and Lister Hooded rats. The reduction of the nicotine EOG by concanavalin A is prevented by adding alpha-methyl-D-mannoside to the lectin superfusion medium. This suggests that there is a glyco-moiety associated with at least one olfactory receptor responding to nicotine. Our results suggest that rat olfactory epithelium has receptor sites for nicotine. Nicotine is an unusual compound because it shows both odorant and pharmacological properties.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01951644
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Spatial variation in response to odorants on the rat olfactory epithelium (1988)
    Springer
    Cellular and molecular life sciences 44 (1988), S. 208-211 
    Details
    ISSN: 1420-9071
    Keywords: Electro-olfactogram ; olfaction ; spatial patterning ; nicotine
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary We have measured the electro-olfactogram produced by four odorants, nicotine, i-pentyl acetate, i-pentanoic acid and cineole from twelve positions on an in vitro preparation of rat olfactory tissue. Each odorant shows a different pattern of response over the twelve positions which can be explained by differences in olfactory receptor populations between regions of the rat olfactory epithelium. The result for nicotine is further evidence that there are olfactory receptors which are stimulated by nicotine when it is presented as a vapour.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01941707
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The effect of abrin, anti-lymphocyte globulin and their conjugates on the immune response of mice to sheep red blood cells (1981)
    Springer
    Cellular and molecular life sciences 37 (1981), S. 256-257 
    Details
    ISSN: 1420-9071
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary A chemical conjugate of anti-mouse lymphocyte globulin and abrin, is about twice as effective as a similar conjugate made with normal immunoglobulin and abrin, in suppressing the ability of the mouse to respond immunologically to an injection of sheep red blood cells.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01991641
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