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  • Springer  (100)
  • American Heart Association (AHA)  (46)
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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Rheologica acta 32 (1993), S. 477-482 
    ISSN: 1435-1528
    Keywords: Slip and no-slip flows ; squeezing wedge flow ; power law viscosity
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Notes: Abstract Squeezing flow in a wedge simulates a number of practical processes, e.g. lubrication, coating and the sensory evaluation of liquid foods. This paper reports analytical approximate solutions for both slip (or lubricated) and no-slip squeezing flow of liquid food in a wedge, in which the power law fluid model was used. The solutions do not seem to be more complex than that for squeezing flow between two parallel disks and may be used as a variation of the psycho-physical models of in-mouth viscosity and food spreadability. Alternatively, a rheometer for testing liquid foods may be developed according to the equations described in this paper.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Optical and quantum electronics 29 (1997), S. 867-875 
    ISSN: 1572-817X
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology , Physics
    Notes: Abstract Starting with an integral equation for the p-polarized local field in two electronically coupled quantum wells, the linear optical response of double coupled quantum wells is investigated. Numerical results for the absorption, reflection and transmission coefficients are presented. It is shown that by varying the barrier thickness, which accordingly modifies the electronic coupling between quantum wells, the linear optical response has been changed significantly.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Entomologia experimentalis et applicata 73 (1994), S. 51-60 
    ISSN: 1570-7458
    Keywords: Forficula auricularia ; Cacopsylla pyri ; prédation ; réponse fonctionnelle ; distribution spatiale ; Forficula auricularia ; Cacopsylla pyri ; predation ; functional response ; spatial distribution
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Description / Table of Contents: Summary Forficula auricularia L. is a well known aphid predator, and is also described as potentially active on Psyllidae. We studied the numeric and spatial components of the predation ofF. auricularia on pear psylla,Cacopsylla pyri (L.) under laboratory and semi-field conditions. At low prey density, a young third-instar larvae consumed as many psylla eggs asEphestia kueheniella Zeller eggs, offered as alternative prey. The functional response to prey density revealed a maximum daily consumption of 10 mg per larvae, i.e. more than 1000 psylla eggs. The tests revealed a density-dependent response, which strongly reduced the size of large prey groups. Third and fourth instar earwigs consumed all preimaginal psylla instars. In the spring, colonisation of pear trees by the third instar earwigs coincides with the egg-laying of the 2nd generation ofC. pyri. The natural populations in orchards of this univoltine and polyphagous predator are little dependent of the prey population. Because ofF. auricularia high predatory capacity, its destruction by chemicals should be avoided in pear tree orchards.
    Notes: Résumé Reconnu comme agent régulateur des populations aphidiennes de diverses cultures,Forficula auricularia L. est également décrit comme potentiellement actif sur les Homoptères Psyllidae. Nous avons évalué en conditions de laboratoire puis semi-contrôlées en verger les composantes numériques et spatiales de la prédation deF. auricularia sur le psylle du poirier,Cacopsylla pyri (L.). Pour de faibles densités de proies, le poids consommé par une larve du 3ème stade est équivalent sur oeufs de psylles et sur une proie alternative constituée d'oeufs d'Ephestia kuehniella Zeller. Le maximum journalier s'établit à 10 mg pour ce stade larvaire, soit plus d'un millier d'oeufs de psylles. Les tests révèlent une réponse de type densité — dépendant, aboutissant à une forte réduction de la taille des agrégats de la proie. La prédation des larves de 3ème et 4ème stade deF. auricularia s'exerce sur tous les stades préimaginaux deC. pyri. La colonisation au printemps de la strate arborée par les larves du 3 ème stade quittant le terrier maternel coîncide avec les pontes de 2ème génération de psylles, phase de multiplication la plus intense de ce ravageur. Les effectifs en vergers de ce prédateur polyphage et univoltin sont souvent élevés et peu dépendants de ceux de la proie. Compte tenu de sa capacité prédatrice sur le psylle, il paraît justifié de raisonner les interventions chimiques de manière à préserver ses populations en vergers de poiriers.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 4
    ISSN: 1572-8927
    Keywords: Equilibrium constant ; enthalpy change ; entropy change ; heat capacity change ; flow calorimetry ; high temperature ; magnesium chloride ; calcium chloride ; hydrochloric acid ; ion association ; isocoulombic reaction
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Abstract The aqueous reactions, Mg2++Cl−=MgCl+, Ca2++Cl−=CaCl+, and H+ +Cl−=HCl(aq), were studied as a function of ionic strength at 250, 275, 300, and 325°C using a flow calorimetric technique. The logK, ΔH, ΔS and ΔCp values were determined from the fits of the calculated and experimental heast. The data were reduced assuming a known functionality of the activity coefficient. Hence, the logK, ΔH, ΔS and ΔCp values determined in this study are dependent on the activity coefficient model used. These thermodynamic values were compared with literature results. The logK values for the formation of MgCl+ agree reasonably well with those reported in the literature. The logK values for CaCl+ formation agree reasonably well with those reported in the literature at 300 and 325°C. At lower temperatures, the agreement is poorer. The logK values for the formation of HCl(aq) are generally lower than those reported in the literature. The logK, ΔH, ΔS and ΔCp values for all three ion association reactions are positive and increase with temperature over the temperature range studied. These values are the first determined calorimetrically for the formation of MgCl+ and CaCl+ in the temperature range 275–325°C.
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  • 5
    ISSN: 1572-8927
    Keywords: Equilibrium constant ; enthalpy change ; entropy change ; heat capacity change ; flow calorimetry ; high temperature ; nitric acid ; ion association ; isocoulombic reaction
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Abstract The aqueous reaction, HNO3(aq)=H++NO 3 − was studied as a function of ionic strength I at 250, 275, 300 and 319°C using a flow calorimeter and the equilibrium constant K and enthalpy change (ΔH) at I=0 were determined. Using these experimental values, equations describing logK, ΔH, the entropy change ΔS and the heat capacity change ΔC p of reaction at I=0 and temperatures from 250 to 319°C were derived. The increasing importance of ion association as temperature rises was discussed. The use of an equation containing identical numbers of positive and identical numbers of negative charges on both sides of the equal sign (isocoulombic reaction principle) was applied to the logK values reported here and to those determined by others. The resulting plot of logK for the isocoulombic reaction vs. 1/T was fairly linear which supports the postulate that the principle is a useful technique for the extrapolation of logK values from low to high temperatures.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Catalysis letters 44 (1997), S. 123-128 
    ISSN: 1572-879X
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Abstract Mesoporous Al-MCM-41 materials of different Si/Al ratios have been synthesized and characterized by X-ray powder diffraction, 27Al and 29Si MAS NMR, differential thermogravimetric analysis, N2 adsorption measurements, FT-IR and catalytic cracking of alkanes. The experimental results show that the incorporation of aluminium into the framework of MCM-41 has a great effect on the degree of long-distance order, the surface acidities and the mesoporous structures of the materials. With increase of the aluminium content, the amounts of tetrahedral framework aluminium and the acid sites on the samples increase, but the acid strength decreases. Al-MCM-41 materials exhibit high activity for n-C16 0 cracking and good selectivity for producing low carbon alkylenes, particularly for i-C4 =.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Annals of the Institute of Statistical Mathematics 42 (1990), S. 387-401 
    ISSN: 1572-9052
    Keywords: Convergence theorems ; Broyden-like methods ; nonlinear equations ; nondifferentiable terms
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mathematics
    Notes: Abstract In this paper, the author studies a Broyden-like method for solving nonlinear equations with nondifferentiable terms, which uses as updating matrices, approximations for Jacobian matrices of differentiable terms. Local and semilocal convergence theorems are proved. The results generalize those of Broyden, Dennis and Moré.
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  • 8
    ISSN: 1434-601X
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Abstract We have deduced the linear momentum transferred from the projectile to the fissioning nucleus in the reaction20Ne+197Au at 30 MeV/A by measuring the folding angle between the two fission fragments. We found that the most probable linear momentum transfer represents 76% of the initial value.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 9
    ISSN: 1434-601X
    Keywords: 21.10.−K ; 27.80.+W
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Abstract The high-spin states in197Bi have been studied with the187Re(16O, 6n)197Bi reaction at16O energies between 85 and 105 MeV. In-beam measurements ofγ-ray excitation functions,γ-γ-t coincidences and γray angular distributions were carried out with 6 BGO(AC) HPGe detectors and one intrinsic Ge planar detector. 11 new transitions and 3 new isomers at 2089, 2357 and 1968+Δ keV with t1/2 =19.3±4.9, 53.4±20.5 and 18.0±3.1 ns., respectively, were observed, and a level scheme is established. Some differences between the present work and the previous results were found.
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  • 10
    ISSN: 1434-601X
    Keywords: 21.10.Re ; 23.20.Lv ; 27.60.+j
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Abstract High spin states of117Xe have been investigated by means of in-beam γ-ray spectroscopy using the reaction92Mo(28Si, 2pn) at beam energies of 100 to 120 MeV. The previously known νh11/2 bands are confirmed and the νg7/2 favored-signature band is extended up to 47/2+, in which two band crossings are observed at ħω=0.33 and 0.44 MeV, respectively. Two new positive-parity bands have been established, one of which is most likely the νg7/2 unfavored-signature band. A new transition cascade with irregular level spacings is also observed.
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