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  • 1
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Atmosphere‐biosphere exchange of carbon dioxide in boreal forests
    American Geophysical Union (AGU) ; 1991
    In:  Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres Vol. 96, No. D4 ( 1991-04-20), p. 7301-7312
    Details
    In: Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres, American Geophysical Union (AGU), Vol. 96, No. D4 ( 1991-04-20), p. 7301-7312
    Abstract: An ecophysiological model of photosynthesis and respiration by forest ecosystems was used to examine CO 2 fluxes in 23 mature boreal forests near Fairbanks, Alaska. Simulated soil respiration, photosynthesis, decomposition, and moss and tree productivity were consistent with observed data. Monthly ecosystem CO 2 flux and net photosynthesis, averaged over the 23 sites, were correlated with atmospheric CO 2 concentrations and δ 13 ratios, respectively, at Barrow, Alaska, suggesting the boreal forests of Alaska play an active role in the seasonal dynamics of atmospheric CO 2 at Barrow. Only one of the 23 stands was a source of CO 2 , and the 23 stands absorbed (mean ± SE) 1173±211 g CO 2 m −2 yr −1 . Observed productivity in these forests spans the range of productivity in the circumpolar boreal forest, suggesting the simulated CO 2 fluxes are representative of the circumpolar boreal forest. If so, metabolic activity in the circumpolar boreal forest results in a significant annual uptake of CO 2 .
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0148-0227
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1029/90JD02713
    Language: English
    Publisher: American Geophysical Union (AGU)
    Publication Date: 1991
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    SSG: 16,13
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  • 2
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Comparison of two land surface process models using prescribed forcings
    American Geophysical Union (AGU) ; 1994
    In:  Journal of Geophysical Research Vol. 99, No. D12 ( 1994), p. 25803-
    Details
    In: Journal of Geophysical Research, American Geophysical Union (AGU), Vol. 99, No. D12 ( 1994), p. 25803-
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0148-0227
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1029/94JD02188
    Language: English
    Publisher: American Geophysical Union (AGU)
    Publication Date: 1994
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    SSG: 16,13
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  • 3
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Land‐atmosphere CO 2 exchange simulated by a land surface process model coupled to an atmospheric general circulation model
    American Geophysical Union (AGU) ; 1995
    In:  Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres Vol. 100, No. D2 ( 1995-02-20), p. 2817-2831
    Details
    In: Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres, American Geophysical Union (AGU), Vol. 100, No. D2 ( 1995-02-20), p. 2817-2831
    Abstract: CO 2 uptake during plant photosynthesis and CO 2 loss during plant and microbial respiration were added to a land surface process model to simulate the diurnal and annual cycles of biosphere‐atmosphere CO 2 exchange. The model was coupled to a modified version of the National Center for Atmospheric Research Community Climate Model version 2, and the coupled model was run for 5 years. The geographic patterns of annual net primary production are qualitatively similar to other models. When compared by vegetation type, annual production and annual microbial respiration are consistent with other models, except for needleleaf evergreen tree vegetation, where production is too high, and semidesert vegetation, where production and microbial respiration are too low. The seasonally of the net CO 2 flux agrees with other models in the southern hemisphere and the tropics. The diurnal range is large for photosynthesis and lower for plant and microbial respiration, which agrees with qualitative expectations. The simulation of the central United States is poor due to temperature and precipitation biases in the coupled model. Despite these deficiencies the current approach is a promising means to include terrestrial CO 2 fluxes in a climate system model that simulates atmospheric CO 2 concentrations, because it alleviates important parameterization discrepancies between standard biogeochemical models and the land surface models typically used in general circulation models, and because the model resolves the diurnal range of CO 2 exchange, which can be large (15–45 μmol CO 2 m −2 s −1 ).
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0148-0227
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1029/94JD02961
    Language: English
    Publisher: American Geophysical Union (AGU)
    Publication Date: 1995
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  • 4
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Soil water and the persistence of floods and droughts in the Mississippi River Basin
    American Geophysical Union (AGU) ; 1998
    In:  Water Resources Research Vol. 34, No. 10 ( 1998-10), p. 2693-2701
    Details
    In: Water Resources Research, American Geophysical Union (AGU), Vol. 34, No. 10 ( 1998-10), p. 2693-2701
    Abstract: In six independent multiyear simulations of the National Center for Atmospheric Research (NCAR) Community Climate Model (CCM3) coupled to the NCAR Land Surface Model (LSM 1.0), the Mississippi River Basin stands out as a region in which surface air temperature is, during summer months, negatively correlated with soil water and precipitation. To determine if these correlations represent, in part, a land surface feedback in which wet soils caused by high rates of precipitation lead to higher latent heat fluxes, creating a cooler, moister atmosphere, and vice versa, several experiments in which soil water was initialized to either wet (saturated) or dry (wilting point) were performed. In an ensemble of five wet and five dry 60‐day simulations for summer conditions, initially wet soils resulted in cold surface air temperature compared to initially dry soils. Latent heat flux increased and sensible heat flux decreased in the wet experiment compared to the dry experiment only for the first 30 days even though the surface was colder and wetter than the dry experiment throughout the full 60 days. Precipitation increased for the initially wet soils compared to the dry soils over much of the Mississippi River Basin, but only during the first 30 days. This increase was small, and most of the increased flux of water into the atmosphere was advected out of the region. The magnitude of the wet‐dry signal depended on the manner in which soil water limited evapotranspiration. A step‐function response, in which soil water did not limit evapotranspiration until near wilting point, produced a stronger signal than a linear ramping function scaled between field capacity and wilting point. These results suggest that soil moisture feedbacks amplify the severity and persistence of floods and droughts and that the manner in which soil water limits evapotranspiration, which is poorly understood, is a key control of this response.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0043-1397 , 1944-7973
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1029/98WR02073
    Language: English
    Publisher: American Geophysical Union (AGU)
    Publication Date: 1998
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  • 5
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Impact of tundra ecosystems on the surface energy budget and climate of Alaska
    American Geophysical Union (AGU) ; 1999
    In:  Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres Vol. 104, No. D6 ( 1999-03-27), p. 6647-6660
    Details
    In: Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres, American Geophysical Union (AGU), Vol. 104, No. D6 ( 1999-03-27), p. 6647-6660
    Abstract: The sensitivity of regional terrestrial climate to the characteristics of tundra ecosystems has been investigated by a series of sensitivity experiments concentrating on the summer of 1995. Validation of the NCAR Land Surface Model and the Arctic Regional Climate System Model for this season indicate their adequacy for this study. Comparisons of the simulated climate in response to a wet meadow tundra or a dry heath tundra results in an expected cooling and moistening of both the local area and the adjoining sea ice and forested regions. The impact of atmospheric cloud‐radiation feedbacks is to reduce the cooling as the summer progresses, although moistening continues, associated with increased precipitation in some areas. The spatial variability of the response is dependent upon prevailing synoptic conditions, which act to enhance moisture advection in certain areas. This study indicates that vegetation variation within the Arctic has substantial climatic effects that extend beyond the Arctic. In addition, the perturbations in the summer season could have profound implications of Arctic wintertime climate and issues of snow‐albedo feedback and spring melt.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0148-0227
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1029/98JD02798
    Language: English
    Publisher: American Geophysical Union (AGU)
    Publication Date: 1999
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  • 6
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Present-day springtime high-latitude surface albedo as a predictor of simulated climate sensitivity
    American Geophysical Union (AGU) ; 2007
    In:  Geophysical Research Letters Vol. 34, No. 17 ( 2007-09-05)
    Details
    In: Geophysical Research Letters, American Geophysical Union (AGU), Vol. 34, No. 17 ( 2007-09-05)
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0094-8276
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1029/2007GL030775
    Language: English
    Publisher: American Geophysical Union (AGU)
    Publication Date: 2007
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    detail.hit.zdb_id: 7403-2
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  • 7
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Parameterization improvements and functional and structural advances in Version 4 of the Community Land Model
    American Geophysical Union (AGU) ; 2011
    In:  Journal of Advances in Modeling Earth Systems Vol. 3, No. 3 ( 2011-03-19)
    Details
    In: Journal of Advances in Modeling Earth Systems, American Geophysical Union (AGU), Vol. 3, No. 3 ( 2011-03-19)
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1942-2466
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1029/2011MS000045
    Language: English
    Publisher: American Geophysical Union (AGU)
    Publication Date: 2011
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  • 8
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    Parameterization improvements and functional and structural advances in Version 4 of the Community Land Model : PARAMETERIZATION IMPROVEMENTS AND FUNCTIONAL AND STRUCTURAL ADVANCES
    American Geophysical Union (AGU) ; 2011
    In:  Journal of Advances in Modeling Earth Systems Vol. 3, No. 1 ( 2011-01), p. n/a-n/a
    Details
    In: Journal of Advances in Modeling Earth Systems, American Geophysical Union (AGU), Vol. 3, No. 1 ( 2011-01), p. n/a-n/a
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1942-2466
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1029/2011MS00045
    Language: English
    Publisher: American Geophysical Union (AGU)
    Publication Date: 2011
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  • 9
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    Online Resource
    Beyond Static Benchmarking: Using Experimental Manipulations to Evaluate Land Model Assumptions
    American Geophysical Union (AGU) ; 2019
    In:  Global Biogeochemical Cycles Vol. 33, No. 10 ( 2019-10), p. 1289-1309
    Details
    In: Global Biogeochemical Cycles, American Geophysical Union (AGU), Vol. 33, No. 10 ( 2019-10), p. 1289-1309
    Abstract: Experimental manipulations provide critical insights into ecosystem responses to environmental change that can evaluate land models Parametric and structural changes to the Community Land Model version 5 improve the simulated response to environmental change Model assumptions related to nutrient acquisition strategies and trade‐offs between carbon and nitrogen limitation deserve further attention
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0886-6236 , 1944-9224
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1029/2018GB006141
    Language: English
    Publisher: American Geophysical Union (AGU)
    Publication Date: 2019
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  • 10
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    Assessment of global climate model land surface albedo using MODIS data : ASSESSMENT OF CLIMATE MODEL LAND ALBEDO
    American Geophysical Union (AGU) ; 2003
    In:  Geophysical Research Letters Vol. 30, No. 8 ( 2003-04)
    Details
    In: Geophysical Research Letters, American Geophysical Union (AGU), Vol. 30, No. 8 ( 2003-04)
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0094-8276
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1029/2002GL016749
    Language: English
    Publisher: American Geophysical Union (AGU)
    Publication Date: 2003
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