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  • 1
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Examining the Acute Glycemic Effects of Different Types of Structured Exercise Sessions in Type 1 Diabetes in a Real-World Setting: The Type 1 Diabetes and Exercise Initiative (T1DEXI)
    American Diabetes Association ; 2023
    In:  Diabetes Care Vol. 46, No. 4 ( 2023-04-01), p. 704-713
    Details
    In: Diabetes Care, American Diabetes Association, Vol. 46, No. 4 ( 2023-04-01), p. 704-713
    Abstract: Maintenance of glycemic control during and after exercise remains a major challenge for individuals with type 1 diabetes. Glycemic responses to exercise may differ by exercise type (aerobic, interval, or resistance), and the effect of activity type on glycemic control after exercise remains unclear. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS The Type 1 Diabetes Exercise Initiative (T1DEXI) was a real-world study of at-home exercise. Adult participants were randomly assigned to complete six structured aerobic, interval, or resistance exercise sessions over 4 weeks. Participants self-reported study and nonstudy exercise, food intake, and insulin dosing (multiple daily injection [MDI] users) using a custom smart phone application and provided pump (pump users), heart rate, and continuous glucose monitoring data. RESULTS A total of 497 adults with type 1 diabetes (mean age ± SD 37 ± 14 years; mean HbA1c ± SD 6.6 ± 0.8% [49 ± 8.7 mmol/mol]) assigned to structured aerobic (n = 162), interval (n = 165), or resistance (n = 170) exercise were analyzed. The mean (± SD) change in glucose during assigned exercise was −18 ± 39, −14 ± 32, and −9 ± 36 mg/dL for aerobic, interval, and resistance, respectively (P & lt; 0.001), with similar results for closed-loop, standard pump, and MDI users. Time in range 70–180 mg/dL (3.9–10.0 mmol/L) was higher during the 24 h after study exercise when compared with days without exercise (mean ± SD 76 ± 20% vs. 70 ± 23%; P & lt; 0.001). CONCLUSIONS Adults with type 1 diabetes experienced the largest drop in glucose level with aerobic exercise, followed by interval and resistance exercise, regardless of insulin delivery modality. Even in adults with well-controlled type 1 diabetes, days with structured exercise sessions contributed to clinically meaningful improvement in glucose time in range but may have slightly increased time below range.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0149-5992 , 1935-5548
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.2337/dc22-1721
    Language: English
    Publisher: American Diabetes Association
    Publication Date: 2023
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 1490520-6
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  • 2
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    Online Resource
    Long-term Outcomes With Islet-Alone and Islet-After-Kidney Transplantation for Type 1 Diabetes in the Clinical Islet Transplantation Consortium: The CIT-08 Study
    American Diabetes Association ; 2022
    In:  Diabetes Care Vol. 45, No. 12 ( 2022-12-01), p. 2967-2975
    Details
    In: Diabetes Care, American Diabetes Association, Vol. 45, No. 12 ( 2022-12-01), p. 2967-2975
    Abstract: To determine long-term outcomes for islet-alone and islet-after-kidney transplantation in adults with type 1 diabetes complicated by impaired awareness of hypoglycemia. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS This was a prospective interventional and observational cohort study of islet-alone (n = 48) and islet-after-kidney (n = 24) transplant recipients followed for up to 8 years after intraportal infusion of one or more purified human pancreatic islet products under standardized immunosuppression. Outcomes included duration of islet graft survival (stimulated C-peptide ≥0.3 ng/mL), on-target glycemic control (HbA1c & lt;7.0%), freedom from severe hypoglycemia, and insulin independence. RESULTS Of the 48 islet-alone and 24 islet-after-kidney transplantation recipients, 26 and 8 completed long-term follow-up with islet graft function, 15 and 7 withdrew from follow-up with islet graft function, and 7 and 9 experienced islet graft failure, respectively. Actuarial islet graft survival at median and final follow-up was 84% and 56% for islet-alone and 69% and 49% for islet-after-kidney (P = 0.007) with 77% and 49% of islet-alone and 57% and 35% of islet-after-kidney transplantation recipients maintaining posttransplant HbA1c & lt;7.0% (P = 0.0017); freedom from severe hypoglycemia was maintained at & gt;90% in both cohorts. Insulin independence was achieved by 74% of islet-alone and islet-after-kidney transplantation recipients, with more than one-half maintaining insulin independence during long-term follow-up. Kidney function remained stable during long-term follow-up in both cohorts, and rates of sensitization against HLA were low. Severe adverse events occurred at 0.31 per patient-year for islet-alone and 0.43 per patient-year for islet-after-kidney transplantation. CONCLUSIONS Islet transplantation results in durable islet graft survival permitting achievement of glycemic targets in the absence of severe hypoglycemia for most appropriately indicated recipients having impaired awareness of hypoglycemia, with acceptable safety of added immunosuppression for both islet-alone and islet-after-kidney transplantation.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0149-5992 , 1935-5548
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.2337/dc21-2688
    Language: English
    Publisher: American Diabetes Association
    Publication Date: 2022
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  • 3
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    Online Resource
    Longitudinal Changes in Continuous Glucose Monitoring Use Among Individuals With Type 1 Diabetes: International Comparison in the German and Austrian DPV and U.S. T1D Exchange Registries
    American Diabetes Association ; 2020
    In:  Diabetes Care Vol. 43, No. 1 ( 2020-01-01), p. e1-e2
    Details
    In: Diabetes Care, American Diabetes Association, Vol. 43, No. 1 ( 2020-01-01), p. e1-e2
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0149-5992 , 1935-5548
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.2337/dc19-1214
    Language: English
    Publisher: American Diabetes Association
    Publication Date: 2020
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  • 4
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    Online Resource
    Mini-Dose Glucagon as a Novel Approach to Prevent Exercise-Induced Hypoglycemia in Type 1 Diabetes
    American Diabetes Association ; 2018
    In:  Diabetes Care Vol. 41, No. 9 ( 2018-09-01), p. 1909-1916
    Details
    In: Diabetes Care, American Diabetes Association, Vol. 41, No. 9 ( 2018-09-01), p. 1909-1916
    Abstract: Patients with type 1 diabetes who do aerobic exercise often experience a drop in blood glucose concentration that can result in hypoglycemia. Current approaches to prevent exercise-induced hypoglycemia include reduction in insulin dose or ingestion of carbohydrates, but these strategies may still result in hypoglycemia or hyperglycemia. We sought to determine whether mini-dose glucagon (MDG) given subcutaneously before exercise could prevent subsequent glucose lowering and to compare the glycemic response to current approaches for mitigating exercise-associated hypoglycemia. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS We conducted a four-session, randomized crossover trial involving 15 adults with type 1 diabetes treated with continuous subcutaneous insulin infusion who exercised fasting in the morning at ∼55% VO2max for 45 min under conditions of no intervention (control), 50% basal insulin reduction, 40-g oral glucose tablets, or 150-μg subcutaneous glucagon (MDG). RESULTS During exercise and early recovery from exercise, plasma glucose increased slightly with MDG compared with a decrease with control and insulin reduction and a greater increase with glucose tablets (P & lt; 0.001). Insulin levels were not different among sessions, whereas glucagon increased with MDG administration (P & lt; 0.001). Hypoglycemia (plasma glucose & lt;70 mg/dL) was experienced by six subjects during control, five subjects during insulin reduction, and none with glucose tablets or MDG; five subjects experienced hyperglycemia (plasma glucose ≥250 mg/dL) with glucose tablets and one with MDG. CONCLUSIONS MDG may be more effective than insulin reduction for preventing exercise-induced hypoglycemia and may result in less postintervention hyperglycemia than ingestion of carbohydrate.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0149-5992 , 1935-5548
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.2337/dc18-0051
    Language: English
    Publisher: American Diabetes Association
    Publication Date: 2018
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  • 5
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    Online Resource
    Antipsychotic-Induced Insulin Resistance and Postprandial Hormonal Dysregulation Independent of Weight Gain or Psychiatric Disease
    American Diabetes Association ; 2013
    In:  Diabetes Vol. 62, No. 9 ( 2013-09-01), p. 3232-3240
    Details
    In: Diabetes, American Diabetes Association, Vol. 62, No. 9 ( 2013-09-01), p. 3232-3240
    Abstract: Atypical antipsychotic (AAP) medications that have revolutionized the treatment of mental illness have become stigmatized by metabolic side effects, including obesity and diabetes. It remains controversial whether the defects are treatment induced or disease related. Although the mechanisms underlying these metabolic defects are not understood, it is assumed that the initiating pathophysiology is weight gain, secondary to centrally mediated increases in appetite. To determine if the AAPs have detrimental metabolic effects independent of weight gain or psychiatric disease, we administered olanzapine, aripiprazole, or placebo for 9 days to healthy subjects (n = 10, each group) under controlled in-patient conditions while maintaining activity levels. Prior to and after the interventions, we conducted a meal challenge and a euglycemic-hyperinsulinemic clamp to evaluate insulin sensitivity and glucose disposal. We found that olanzapine, an AAP highly associated with weight gain, causes significant elevations in postprandial insulin, glucagon-like peptide 1 (GLP-1), and glucagon coincident with insulin resistance compared with placebo. Aripiprazole, an AAP considered metabolically sparing, induces insulin resistance but has no effect on postprandial hormones. Importantly, the metabolic changes occur in the absence of weight gain, increases in food intake and hunger, or psychiatric disease, suggesting that AAPs exert direct effects on tissues independent of mechanisms regulating eating behavior.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0012-1797 , 1939-327X
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.2337/db13-0430
    Language: English
    Publisher: American Diabetes Association
    Publication Date: 2013
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  • 6
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    687-P: Support Vector Regression Model Predicts Glucose Changes during Exercise in Type 1 Diabetes
    American Diabetes Association ; 2020
    In:  Diabetes Vol. 69, No. Supplement_1 ( 2020-06-01)
    Details
    In: Diabetes, American Diabetes Association, Vol. 69, No. Supplement_1 ( 2020-06-01)
    Abstract: People with type 1 diabetes (T1D) have difficulty controlling glucose during exercise. Different types, intensities, and durations of exercise impact glucose differently. There is currently no algorithm that can accurately predict glucose changes during aerobic, resistance, interval, and free-living exercise. A support vector regression (SVR) model was designed to predict the maximum change in glucose during exercise. The model was trained and validated on 30-minute exercise sessions collected twice weekly over 4 weeks from 33 people with T1D (age 33±13 years, BMI 26.3±2.9 kg/m2, 18±12 years since diagnosis). Participants completed study assigned aerobic (n = 40), resistance (n= 33), or interval (n=20) exercise sessions in addition to their typical exercise regimen (n = 254). Participants wore a Dexcom (G5 or G6) or Medtronic CGM and used their own insulin pen (n = 10) or pump to administer insulin. The exercise information and food consumed was reported using a custom app. Heart rate, accelerometry, and sleep metrics were acquired using a Garmin vivosmart watch. Training was done on 90% of the observations while 10% of data were used for testing using 10-fold cross validation. The mean absolute error (MAE) of the model-predicted change in glucose during exercise was 23.59 mg/dL. The SVR algorithm may be useful within a decision support tool to help people with T1D better manage their glucose levels during exercise. Disclosure G. Young: None. Z. Li: None. P. Calhoun: Stock/Shareholder; Self; Dexcom, Inc. R.L. Gal: None. R. Beck: None. J.R. Castle: Advisory Panel; Self; Novo Nordisk Inc. Consultant; Self; ADOCIA, Dexcom, Inc., Zealand Pharma A/S. Other Relationship; Self; Pacific Diabetes Technologies, Roche Diabetes Care. M.A. Clements: Consultant; Self; Glooko, Inc. Other Relationship; Self; Glooko, Inc. E. Dassau: Consultant; Self; Eli Lilly and Company. Research Support; Self; Dexcom, Inc., DreaMed Diabetes, Tandem Diabetes Care, Xeris Pharmaceuticals, Inc. Speaker’s Bureau; Self; Roche Diabetes Care. Other Relationship; Self; Dexcom, Inc., Insulet Corporation, Roche Diabetes Care. F.J. Doyle: Research Support; Self; DreaMed Diabetes, Tandem Diabetes Care, Xeris Pharmaceuticals, Inc. Stock/Shareholder; Self; Mode AGC. Other Relationship; Self; Dexcom, Inc., Insulet Corporation, Roche Diabetes Care. M.B. Gillingham: None. C.K. Martin: Advisory Panel; Self; EHE Health, NaturallySlim. Consultant; Self; Florida Hospital, Gila Therapeutics, OpenFit, Zafgen, Inc. Research Support; Self; Egg Board, Helmsley Trust, IDEA Public Schools, National Institutes of Health, NIHR, Patient-Centered Outcomes Research Institute, USDA, Weight Watchers International, Inc. Other Relationship; Self; Academy of Nutrition and Dietetics, Louisiana State Univ./Pennington Biomedical Research Center. M.R. Rickels: Consultant; Self; Semma Therapeutics, Inc. Research Support; Self; Xeris Pharmaceuticals, Inc. S.R. Patton: None. M. Riddell: Advisory Panel; Self; Zucara Therapeutics Inc. Consultant; Self; Lilly Diabetes. Research Support; Self; Dexcom, Inc., Insulet Corporation. Speaker’s Bureau; Self; Medtronic, Novo Nordisk A/S. P.G. Jacobs: Consultant; Self; SFC Fluidics. Research Support; Self; Dexcom, Inc. Stock/Shareholder; Self; Pacific Diabetes Technologies. Other Relationship; Self; AgaMatrix. Funding Exercise in Diabetes Initiative (T1-DEXI Main Study)
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0012-1797 , 1939-327X
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.2337/db20-687-P
    Language: English
    Publisher: American Diabetes Association
    Publication Date: 2020
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  • 7
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    333-OR: Assessing Mealtime Macronutrient Content: Patient Perceptions vs. Expert Analyses via a Novel Phone App
    American Diabetes Association ; 2019
    In:  Diabetes Vol. 68, No. Supplement_1 ( 2019-06-01)
    Details
    In: Diabetes, American Diabetes Association, Vol. 68, No. Supplement_1 ( 2019-06-01)
    Abstract: People with type 1 diabetes (T1D) estimate the carbohydrate (CHO) content of meals to enable accurate insulin dosing, yet protein and fat content of meals also influences post-prandial glycemia. As part of an observational study examining the impact of exercise and nutrient consumption on glycemia, we examined accuracy in estimating macronutrient content of free-living meals via a novel phone app. Participant estimates of nutrient content were compared to expert nutrition analyses performed via the Remote Food Photography Method (RFPM). We report results from 30 of 33 randomized with analyzable food photos. Participants were 15-65 years (32±14 years); 27% identified as female. Participants were asked to take photos before and after meals/snacks on up to 16 days over a 28-day period, enter CHO estimates and estimate if meals were low ( & lt;13%), typical (13- & lt;18%), or high (≥18%) protein and if meals were low ( & lt;26%), medium (26- & lt;32%), or high (≥32%) fat. The phone app plus RFPM captured 92±27% of estimated energy needs. Of 1,292 food photos analyzed, 429 contained & lt; 25 g (small), 641 contained 25-75 g (medium), and 222 contained & gt; 75 g (large) amounts of CHO. Participants estimated CHO in small or medium meals within 10 g of the expert analyses. They were less accurate estimating CHO for larger meals (-56 ± 46 g). Likewise, most correctly categorized low and typical protein (63%, 50%) as well as low and typical fat (62%, 67%) meals. Few correctly categorized meals high in protein (17%) or fat (16%). Participants’ estimation accuracy for larger meals did not differ by T1D duration. The phone app successfully collected individuals’ food intake and estimated macronutrient intake, but showed that participants consistently underestimated nutrient intake for large meals. Accurate estimation of total macronutrients in meals could be leveraged to improve insulin decision support tools and closed loop systems; development of tools to improve macronutrient estimation skills should be considered. Disclosure M.B. Gillingham: None. C.K. Martin: Advisory Panel; Self; EHE. Consultant; Self; ACAP Health, Florida Hospital, WW, Zafgen, Inc. Other Relationship; Self; Academy of Nutrition and Dietetics. S.R. Patton: None. Z. Li: None. P.G. Jacobs: Stock/Shareholder; Self; Pacific Diabetes Technologies. M. Riddell: Advisory Panel; Self; Xeris Pharmaceuticals, Inc. Research Support; Self; Dexcom, Inc. Speaker's Bureau; Self; Insulet Corporation, Medtronic MiniMed, Inc. Stock/Shareholder; Self; Zucara Therapeutics Inc. M.R. Rickels: None. J.R. Castle: Advisory Panel; Self; Novo Nordisk Inc., Zealand Pharma A/S. Consultant; Self; Dexcom, Inc. Research Support; Self; Dexcom, Inc., Xeris Pharmaceuticals, Inc. M.A. Clements: Advisory Panel; Self; Glooko, Inc. Consultant; Self; Eli Lilly and Company. Speaker's Bureau; Self; Medtronic. E. Dassau: Consultant; Self; Eli Lilly and Company, Insulet Corporation. Research Support; Self; Dexcom, Inc., DreaMed Diabetes, Ltd., Insulet Corporation, Roche Diabetes Care, Tandem Diabetes Care, Xeris Pharmaceuticals, Inc. Speaker's Bureau; Self; Roche Diabetes Care. Other Relationship; Self; ModAGC. F.J. Doyle: Consultant; Self; ModeAGC. Other Relationship; Self; Insulet Corporation. P. Calhoun: Stock/Shareholder; Self; Dexcom, Inc. R.L. Gal: None. R. Beck: Other Relationship; Self; Abbott Laboratories, Ascensia Diabetes Care, Bigfoot Biomedical, Dexcom, Inc., Insulet Corporation, Lilly Diabetes, Roche Diabetes Care, Tandem Diabetes Care. Funding The Leona M. and Harry B. Helmsley Charitable Trust
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0012-1797 , 1939-327X
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.2337/db19-333-OR
    Language: English
    Publisher: American Diabetes Association
    Publication Date: 2019
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  • 8
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    Online Resource
    32-LB: Interstitial Glucose Levels during Exercise in Persons with and without Type 1 Diabetes
    American Diabetes Association ; 2021
    In:  Diabetes Vol. 70, No. Supplement_1 ( 2021-06-01)
    Details
    In: Diabetes, American Diabetes Association, Vol. 70, No. Supplement_1 ( 2021-06-01)
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0012-1797 , 1939-327X
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.2337/db21-32-LB
    Language: English
    Publisher: American Diabetes Association
    Publication Date: 2021
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  • 9
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    741-P: More Time-in-Range during Days with Structured Exercise vs. Sedentary Days in Adults with Type 1 Diabetes
    American Diabetes Association ; 2019
    In:  Diabetes Vol. 68, No. Supplement_1 ( 2019-06-01)
    Details
    In: Diabetes, American Diabetes Association, Vol. 68, No. Supplement_1 ( 2019-06-01)
    Abstract: Structured exercise can help patients with type 1 diabetes (T1D) achieve physical activity targets, however the effects of exercise type on percent time in range (TIR) and glucose variability are unclear. The Type 1 Diabetes Exercise Initiative Pilot Study provided the opportunity to examine glycemic control on structured exercise days compared to sedentary days. Adults with T1D ([mean ± SD] age= 32 ± 14 years; HbA1C= 7.8 ± 1.6%), using a continuous glucose monitor, were assigned to complete twice weekly aerobic, interval or resistance exercise sessions, using study-developed instructional videos for a period of 4 weeks. TIR was higher (Figure 1) and mean glucose concentration was lower overall on exercise days compared with sedentary days (160 ± 52 vs. 176 ± 49 mg/dL, P & lt;0.001). Glucose variability was similar between exercise and sedentary days (coefficient of variation: 36 ± 12% vs. 37% ± 12%). In summary, participants had lower 24-hour mean glucose levels and a greater percent time in range on active days compared with inactive days. Disclosure M. Riddell: Advisory Panel; Self; Xeris Pharmaceuticals, Inc. Research Support; Self; Dexcom, Inc. Speaker's Bureau; Self; Insulet Corporation, Medtronic MiniMed, Inc. Stock/Shareholder; Self; Zucara Therapeutics Inc. Z. Li: None. R. Beck: Other Relationship; Self; Abbott Laboratories, Ascensia Diabetes Care, Bigfoot Biomedical, Dexcom, Inc., Insulet Corporation, Lilly Diabetes, Roche Diabetes Care, Tandem Diabetes Care. R.L. Gal: None. P.G. Jacobs: Stock/Shareholder; Self; Pacific Diabetes Technologies. J.R. Castle: Advisory Panel; Self; Novo Nordisk Inc., Zealand Pharma A/S. Consultant; Self; Dexcom, Inc. Research Support; Self; Dexcom, Inc., Xeris Pharmaceuticals, Inc. M.B. Gillingham: None. M.A. Clements: Advisory Panel; Self; Glooko, Inc. Consultant; Self; Eli Lilly and Company. Speaker's Bureau; Self; Medtronic. S.R. Patton: None. E. Dassau: Consultant; Self; Eli Lilly and Company, Insulet Corporation. Research Support; Self; Dexcom, Inc., DreaMed Diabetes, Ltd., Insulet Corporation, Roche Diabetes Care, Tandem Diabetes Care, Xeris Pharmaceuticals, Inc. Speaker's Bureau; Self; Roche Diabetes Care. Other Relationship; Self; ModAGC. F.J. Doyle: Consultant; Self; ModeAGC. Other Relationship; Self; Insulet Corporation. C.K. Martin: Advisory Panel; Self; EHE. Consultant; Self; ACAP Health, Florida Hospital, WW, Zafgen, Inc. Other Relationship; Self; Academy of Nutrition and Dietetics. P. Calhoun: Stock/Shareholder; Self; Dexcom, Inc. M.R. Rickels: None. Funding The Leona M. and Harry B. Helmsley Charitable Trust
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0012-1797 , 1939-327X
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.2337/db19-741-P
    Language: English
    Publisher: American Diabetes Association
    Publication Date: 2019
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  • 10
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    580-P: Influence of Daily Step Counts on Glucose Outcomes in Adults with Type 1 Diabetes (T1D)
    American Diabetes Association ; 2023
    In:  Diabetes Vol. 72, No. Supplement_1 ( 2023-06-20)
    Details
    In: Diabetes, American Diabetes Association, Vol. 72, No. Supplement_1 ( 2023-06-20)
    Abstract: Achieving 7-10K steps per day is recommended to maintain health; however, the influence of step count on time in range (70-180mg/dL: TIR), time above range ( & gt;180mg/dL: TAR), and time below range ( & lt;70mg/dL: TBR) in adults with T1D on different insulin delivery modalities (multiple daily injections [MDI], standard pump [SP] , closed loop system [CLS]) is unclear. Using data from the Type 1 Diabetes Exercise Initiative, we examined the impact of failing to meet ( & lt;7k), meeting (7k-10k) and exceeding ( & gt;10k) step count goal on glycemic outcomes by insulin modality. Adults with T1D (37±14 yrs, 73% F, A1C 6.6±0.7%) wore a Verily Study Watch and CGM (Dexcom G6) for 4 weeks. Participants had at least two days where they failed to meet, met, and exceeded step count goal. For all users, mean TIR was 2% lower and TAR was 2% higher on days when participants failed to meet step count goal compared to meeting or exceeding step goal. TBR was 0.3% higher on days exceeding step count goal compared to failing to meet or meeting goal. Trends were similar across insulin delivery modalities, but variation differed, which affected significance levels. Meeting or exceeding 7-10K steps per day is associated with marginal improvements in TIR in adults with T1D. Disclosure L.Turner: None. F.J.Doyle: Other Relationship; Insulet Corporation, Roche Diabetes Care, Dexcom, Inc., Stock/Shareholder; Mode AGC. J.R.Castle: Advisory Panel; Novo Nordisk, Zealand Pharma A/S, Research Support; Dexcom, Inc., Stock/Shareholder; Pacific Diabetes Technologies. M.B.Gillingham: None. M.R.Rickels: Consultant; Sernova, Corp., Vertex Pharmaceuticals Incorporated, Zealand Pharma A/S, Research Support; Dompé. R.Beck: Consultant; Eli Lilly and Company, Novo Nordisk, Diasome, Insulet Corporation, Research Support; Tandem Diabetes Care, Inc., Beta Bionics, Inc., Dexcom, Inc., Bigfoot Biomedical, Inc., Medtronic, Ascensia Diabetes Care, Roche Diabetes Care, Eli Lilly and Company, Novo Nordisk. P.G.Jacobs: Board Member; Pacific Diabetes Technologies, Other Relationship; Pacific Diabetes Technologies, Research Support; Dexcom, Inc. M.Riddell: Advisory Panel; Zealand Pharma A/S, Zucara Therapeutics, Indigo Diabetes, Consultant; Lilly Diabetes, Eli Lilly and Company, Jaeb Center for Health Research, Speaker's Bureau; Dexcom, Inc., Novo Nordisk, Sanofi, Stock/Shareholder; Supersapiens, Zucara Therapeutics. T1dexi study group: n/a. C.Marak: None. P.Calhoun: None. R.L.Gal: None. Z.Li: None. G.Young: None. S.R.Patton: None. M.A.Clements: Consultant; Glooko, Inc., Research Support; Dexcom, Inc., Abbott Diabetes. C.K.Martin: Board Member; EHE Health, Wondr Health, Other Relationship; ABGIL, Research Support; Pack Health, Evidation Health, Lilly, WW International, Inc. Funding The Leona M. and Harry B. Helmsley Charitable Trust; Verily Life Sciences; Dexcom, Inc.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0012-1797
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.2337/db23-580-P
    Language: English
    Publisher: American Diabetes Association
    Publication Date: 2023
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