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  • American Diabetes Association  (6)
  • 1
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Underweight Increases the Risk of End-Stage Renal Diseases for Type 2 Diabetes in Korean Population: Data From the National Health Insurance Service Health Checkups 2009–2017
    American Diabetes Association ; 2020
    In:  Diabetes Care Vol. 43, No. 5 ( 2020-05-01), p. 1118-1125
    Details
    In: Diabetes Care, American Diabetes Association, Vol. 43, No. 5 ( 2020-05-01), p. 1118-1125
    Abstract: There is a controversy over the association between obesity and end-stage renal disease (ESRD) in people with or without type 2 diabetes; therefore, we examined the effect of BMI on the risk of ESRD according to glycemic status in the Korean population. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS The study monitored 9,969,848 participants who underwent a National Health Insurance Service health checkup in 2009 from baseline to the date of diagnosis of ESRD during a follow-up period of ∼8.2 years. Obesity was categorized by World Health Organization recommendations for Asian populations, and glycemic status was categorized into the following five groups: normal, impaired fasting glucose (IFG), newly diagnosed diabetes, diabetes & lt;5 years, and diabetes ≥5 years. RESULTS Underweight was associated with a higher risk of ESRD in all participants after adjustment for all covariates. In the groups with IFG, newly diagnosed type 2 diabetes, diabetes duration & lt;5 years, and diabetes ≥5 years, the hazard ratio (HR) of the underweight group increased with worsening glycemic status (HR 1.431 for IFG, 2.114 for newly diagnosed diabetes, 4.351 for diabetes & lt;5 years, and 6.397 for diabetes ≥5 years), using normal weight with normal fasting glucose as a reference. The adjusted HRs for ESRD were also the highest in the sustained underweight group regardless of the presence of type 2 diabetes (HR 1.606 for nondiabetes and 2.14 for diabetes). CONCLUSIONS Underweight showed more increased HR of ESRD according to glycemic status and diabetes duration in the Korean population. These associations also persisted in the group with sustained BMI during the study period.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0149-5992 , 1935-5548
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.2337/dc19-2095
    Language: English
    Publisher: American Diabetes Association
    Publication Date: 2020
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 1490520-6
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  • 2
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Erratum. Remnant Cholesterol Is an Independent Predictor of Type 2 Diabetes: A Nationwide Population-Based Cohort Study. Diabetes Care 2023;46:305–312
    American Diabetes Association ; 2023
    In:  Diabetes Care Vol. 46, No. 10 ( 2023-10-01), p. 1876-1876
    Details
    In: Diabetes Care, American Diabetes Association, Vol. 46, No. 10 ( 2023-10-01), p. 1876-1876
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0149-5992 , 1935-5548
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.2337/dc23-er10
    Language: English
    Publisher: American Diabetes Association
    Publication Date: 2023
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 1490520-6
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  • 3
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Studies on Autoimmunity for Initiation of β-Cell Destruction: VI. Macrophages Essential for Development of β-Cell–Specific Cytotoxic Effectors and Insulitis in NOD Mice
    American Diabetes Association ; 1990
    In:  Diabetes Vol. 39, No. 10 ( 1990-10-01), p. 1273-1278
    Details
    In: Diabetes, American Diabetes Association, Vol. 39, No. 10 ( 1990-10-01), p. 1273-1278
    Abstract: NOD mice were treated with silica (which is selectively toxic to macrophages) from 4 or 20.5 wk of age. Syngeneic neonatal pancreases were transplanted into the renal subcapsular space of the NOD mice at 21 wk of age. Silica treatment was continued until 24 wk of age, and then the mice were killed for examination of islet morphology. Neither the islets in transplanted pancreases nor the host pancreatic islets from the early long-term silica-treated animals revealed 1insulitis. In contrast, most of the islets in transplanted pancreases from the late short-term silica-treated animals showed severe insulitis and β-cell necrosis, as did the host islets. A further experiment was performed to compare the effect of late short-term silica treatment with that of anti-L3T4-antibody treatment of the same time and duration. In contrast to the late short-term silica-treated animals, the transplanted pancreases in the anti-L3T4-antibodytreated animals revealed intact islets, although most of the host islets showed insulitis. The control group, which received no treatment but did receive neonatal pancreases, revealed severe insulitis and β-cell necrosis of both transplanted and host islets. These results suggest that early macrophage depletion can abolish the development of β-cell-specific immunologic effectors but that late macrophage depletion, after the development of insulitis, does not affect the destruction of β-cells by preexisting effectors other than macrophages. We conclude that macrophages are essential for the development of β-cell-specific cytotoxic effectors in the initial phase of insulitis in NOD mice.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0012-1797 , 1939-327X
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.2337/diab.39.10.1273
    Language: English
    Publisher: American Diabetes Association
    Publication Date: 1990
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 1501252-9
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  • 4
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Remnant Cholesterol Is an Independent Predictor of Type 2 Diabetes: A Nationwide Population-Based Cohort Study
    American Diabetes Association ; 2023
    In:  Diabetes Care Vol. 46, No. 2 ( 2023-02-01), p. 305-312
    Details
    In: Diabetes Care, American Diabetes Association, Vol. 46, No. 2 ( 2023-02-01), p. 305-312
    Abstract: Although the atherogenic effect of remnant cholesterol (remnant-C) has been widely recognized, the relationship between remnant-C and glucose metabolism remains unclear. This retrospective, longitudinal study investigated the relationship between remnant-C and incident type 2 diabetes (T2D) in a nationwide cohort of Korean adults. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS A total of 8,485,539 Korean adults without diabetes participated in the national health screening in 2009 and were followed up until 2019. The relationship between remnant-C quartiles and incident T2D was examined by Cox regression models. The risk of incident T2D over the continuum of remnant-C was examined with cubic spline analysis. RESULTS During the median follow-up period of 9.28 years, 584,649 individuals (6.8%) developed T2D. In multivariable-adjusted analyses, participants in the upper quartile of remnant-C had a higher risk of T2D, with hazard ratios of 1.25 (95% CI 1.24–1.27) in the second quartile, 1.51 (95% CI 1.50–1.53) in the third quartile, and 1.95 (95% CI 1.93–1.97) in the fourth quartile, compared with the lowest quartile. The increase in the risk of T2D owing to high remnant-C concentration was more profound in individuals with fewer traditional T2D risks, such as women, and absence of metabolic abnormalities, including impaired fasting glucose, hypertension, and atherogenic dyslipidemia. Moreover, the magnitude of the increased risk for incident T2D in individuals with higher remnant-C quartiles was higher in younger participants than older participants. CONCLUSIONS These findings indicate that remnant-C profiles provide additional information in predicting future progression of T2D, independent of the conventional lipid parameters.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0149-5992 , 1935-5548
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.2337/dc22-1550
    Language: English
    Publisher: American Diabetes Association
    Publication Date: 2023
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 1490520-6
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  • 5
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Effect of Donor Age on Function of Isolated Human Islets
    American Diabetes Association ; 2006
    In:  Diabetes Vol. 55, No. 5 ( 2006-05-01), p. 1361-1368
    Details
    In: Diabetes, American Diabetes Association, Vol. 55, No. 5 ( 2006-05-01), p. 1361-1368
    Abstract: This study intended to evaluate the impact of donor age on the function of isolated islets. Analysis of human islets from cadaveric donors (age 16–70 years) was performed using glucose-stimulated insulin release (GSIR) (n = 93), islet ATP content (n = 27), diabetic nude mouse bioassay (n = 72), and the insulin secretory function after single-donor clinical islet allotransplantation (n = 7). The GSIR index was significantly higher in younger donors (age ≤40 years) than in older donors and negatively correlated with the donor age (r = −0.535). Islet ATP was higher in younger donors (115.7 ± 17.7 vs. 75.7 ± 6.6 pmol/μg DNA). The diabetes reversal rate of mice with 2,000 IE was significantly higher in younger donors (96 vs. 68%). C-peptide increment to glucose during intravenous glucose tolerance test at days 90–120 after clinical transplantation showed negative correlation with donor age (r = −0.872) and positive correlation with the islet mass (r = 0.832). On the other hand, acute insulin response to arginine only showed correlation with the islet mass and not with donor age. These results show that insulin secretory response to glucose deteriorates with increasing age and that it may be related to changes in ATP generation in β-cells.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0012-1797 , 1939-327X
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.2337/db05-1333
    Language: English
    Publisher: American Diabetes Association
    Publication Date: 2006
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 1501252-9
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  • 6
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Studies on Autoimmunity for Initiation of β-Cell Destruction: VII. Evidence for Antigenic Changes on β-Cells Leading to Autoimmune Destruction of β-Cells in BB Rats
    American Diabetes Association ; 1991
    In:  Diabetes Vol. 40, No. 2 ( 1991-02-01), p. 269-274
    Details
    In: Diabetes, American Diabetes Association, Vol. 40, No. 2 ( 1991-02-01), p. 269-274
    Abstract: The diabetic syndrome in BioBreeding (BB) rats is believed to result from the destruction of β-cells by autoimmune responses. However, the initial events that cause the autoimmune destruction of β-cells remain largely unknown. This investigation was initiated to see whether there are any antigenic changes on the β-cells from neonatal to adult BB rats that may lead to the autoimmune destruction of β-cells. Pancreatic grafts from neonatal BB rats remained largely intact without insulitis when transplanted into the renal subcapsular space of acutely diabetic BB rats. Similarly transplanted islet grafts from neonatal BB rats were also not subject to autoimmune destruction. In contrast, islet grafts obtained from adult BB rats, which had been treated with silica to prevent insulitis, were rapidly destroyed in diabetic recipients. These results indicate that β-cells from neonatal BB rats are different from β-cells from adult BB rats, at least regarding their recognition by immunologic effectors. Considering our observations and previous information on the initial role of macrophages/dendritic cells in the development of insulitis in BB rats, we suggest that β-cell–specific antigenic changes that precede insulitis may result in the autoimmune destruction of β-cells in BB rats.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0012-1797 , 1939-327X
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.2337/diab.40.2.269
    Language: English
    Publisher: American Diabetes Association
    Publication Date: 1991
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 1501252-9
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