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  • American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)  (5)
  • 1
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Structural insights into immunoglobulin M
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS) ; 2020
    In:  Science Vol. 367, No. 6481 ( 2020-02-28), p. 1014-1017
    Details
    In: Science, American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS), Vol. 367, No. 6481 ( 2020-02-28), p. 1014-1017
    Abstract: Immunoglobulin M (IgM) plays a pivotal role in both humoral and mucosal immunity. Its assembly and transport depend on the joining chain (J-chain) and the polymeric immunoglobulin receptor (pIgR), but the underlying molecular mechanisms of these processes are unclear. We report a cryo–electron microscopy structure of the Fc region of human IgM in complex with the J-chain and pIgR ectodomain. The IgM-Fc pentamer is formed asymmetrically, resembling a hexagon with a missing triangle. The tailpieces of IgM-Fc pack into an amyloid-like structure to stabilize the pentamer. The J-chain caps the tailpiece assembly and bridges the interaction between IgM-Fc and the polymeric immunoglobulin receptor, which undergoes a large conformational change to engage the IgM-J complex. These results provide a structural basis for the function of IgM.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0036-8075 , 1095-9203
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1126/science.aaz5425
    RVK:
    TA 1000
    RVK:
    WA 15000
    Language: English
    Publisher: American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publication Date: 2020
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 128410-1
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2066996-3
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2060783-0
    SSG: 11
    Location Call Number Limitation Availability
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    Online Resource
  • 2
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Quantum interference between spin-orbit split partial waves in the F + HD → HF + D reaction
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS) ; 2021
    In:  Science Vol. 371, No. 6532 ( 2021-02-26), p. 936-940
    Details
    In: Science, American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS), Vol. 371, No. 6532 ( 2021-02-26), p. 936-940
    Abstract: The effect of electron spin-orbit interactions on chemical reaction dynamics has been a topic of much research interest. Here we report a combined experimental and theoretical study on the effect of electron spin and orbital angular momentum in the F + HD → HF + D reaction. Using a high-resolution imaging technique, we observed a peculiar horseshoe-shaped pattern in the product rotational-state–resolved differential cross sections around the forward-scattering direction. The unusual dynamics pattern could only be explained properly by highly accurate quantum dynamics theory when full spin-orbit characteristics were considered. Theoretical analysis revealed that the horseshoe pattern was largely the result of quantum interference between spin-orbit split–partial-wave resonances with positive and negative parities, providing a distinctive example of how spin-orbit interaction can effectively influence reaction dynamics.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0036-8075 , 1095-9203
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1126/science.abf4205
    RVK:
    TA 1000
    RVK:
    WA 15000
    Language: English
    Publisher: American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publication Date: 2021
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 128410-1
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2066996-3
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2060783-0
    SSG: 11
    Location Call Number Limitation Availability
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    Online Resource
  • 3
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Impacts of species richness on productivity in a large-scale subtropical forest experiment
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS) ; 2018
    In:  Science Vol. 362, No. 6410 ( 2018-10-05), p. 80-83
    Details
    In: Science, American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS), Vol. 362, No. 6410 ( 2018-10-05), p. 80-83
    Abstract: Biodiversity experiments have shown that species loss reduces ecosystem functioning in grassland. To test whether this result can be extrapolated to forests, the main contributors to terrestrial primary productivity, requires large-scale experiments. We manipulated tree species richness by planting more than 150,000 trees in plots with 1 to 16 species. Simulating multiple extinction scenarios, we found that richness strongly increased stand-level productivity. After 8 years, 16-species mixtures had accumulated over twice the amount of carbon found in average monocultures and similar amounts as those of two commercial monocultures. Species richness effects were strongly associated with functional and phylogenetic diversity. A shrub addition treatment reduced tree productivity, but this reduction was smaller at high shrub species richness. Our results encourage multispecies afforestation strategies to restore biodiversity and mitigate climate change.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0036-8075 , 1095-9203
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1126/science.aat6405
    RVK:
    TA 1000
    RVK:
    WA 15000
    Language: English
    Publisher: American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publication Date: 2018
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 128410-1
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2066996-3
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2060783-0
    SSG: 11
    Location Call Number Limitation Availability
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    Online Resource
  • 4
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Observation of the geometric phase effect in the H + HD → H 2 + D reaction
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS) ; 2018
    In:  Science Vol. 362, No. 6420 ( 2018-12-14), p. 1289-1293
    Details
    In: Science, American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS), Vol. 362, No. 6420 ( 2018-12-14), p. 1289-1293
    Abstract: Theory has established the importance of geometric phase (GP) effects in the adiabatic dynamics of molecular systems with a conical intersection connecting the ground- and excited-state potential energy surfaces, but direct observation of their manifestation in chemical reactions remains a major challenge. Here, we report a high-resolution crossed molecular beams study of the H + HD → H 2 + D reaction at a collision energy slightly above the conical intersection. Velocity map ion imaging revealed fast angular oscillations in product quantum state–resolved differential cross sections in the forward scattering direction for H 2 products at specific rovibrational levels. The experimental results agree with adiabatic quantum dynamical calculations only when the GP effect is included.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0036-8075 , 1095-9203
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1126/science.aav1356
    RVK:
    TA 1000
    RVK:
    WA 15000
    Language: English
    Publisher: American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publication Date: 2018
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 128410-1
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2066996-3
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2060783-0
    SSG: 11
    Location Call Number Limitation Availability
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    Online Resource
  • 5
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Discrete roles and bifurcation of PTEN signaling and mTORC1-mediated anabolic metabolism underlie IL-7–driven B lymphopoiesis
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS) ; 2018
    In:  Science Advances Vol. 4, No. 1 ( 2018-01-05)
    Details
    In: Science Advances, American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS), Vol. 4, No. 1 ( 2018-01-05)
    Abstract: Interleukin-7 (IL-7) drives early B lymphopoiesis, but the underlying molecular circuits remain poorly understood, especially how Stat5 (signal transducer and activator of transcription 5)–dependent and Stat5-independent pathways contribute to this process. Combining transcriptome and proteome analyses and mouse genetic models, we show that IL-7 promotes anabolic metabolism and biosynthetic programs in pro-B cells. IL-7–mediated activation of mTORC1 (mechanistic target of rapamycin complex 1) supported cell proliferation and metabolism in a Stat5-independent, Myc-dependent manner but was largely dispensable for cell survival or Rag1 and Rag2 gene expression. mTORC1 was also required for Myc-driven lymphomagenesis. PI3K (phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase) and mTORC1 had discrete effects on Stat5 signaling and independently controlled B cell development. PI3K was actively suppressed by PTEN (phosphatase and tensin homolog) in pro-B cells to ensure proper IL-7R expression, Stat5 activation, heavy chain rearrangement, and cell survival, suggesting the unexpected bifurcation of the classical PI3K-mTOR signaling. Together, our integrative analyses establish IL-7R–mTORC1–Myc and PTEN-mediated PI3K suppression as discrete signaling axes driving B cell development, with differential effects on IL-7R–Stat5 signaling.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2375-2548
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.aar5701
    Language: English
    Publisher: American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publication Date: 2018
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2810933-8
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