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  • American Association for Cancer Research (AACR)  (17)
  • 1
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    Abstract 4141: Adora2a inhibition as a novel therapeutic target for cisplatin chemobrain-induced cognitive dysfunction
    American Association for Cancer Research (AACR) ; 2020
    In:  Cancer Research Vol. 80, No. 16_Supplement ( 2020-08-15), p. 4141-4141
    Details
    In: Cancer Research, American Association for Cancer Research (AACR), Vol. 80, No. 16_Supplement ( 2020-08-15), p. 4141-4141
    Abstract: Cisplatin chemotherapy, although efficacious in positive resolution of cancer, adversely potentiates off-target cognitive dysfunction and affects approximately 14 million cancer survivors in the United States alone. Despite the high prevalence of chemotherapy induced cognitive impairments (known as chemobrain), there is little information on how memory and learning are impaired and no known cure. To elucidate the mechanisms by which chemobrain impairs cognition, we implement a novel experimental mouse model resembling clinical cisplatin-chemotherapy. Our results reveal that repeated cisplatin administration impairs hippocampal neuronal functional morphology, while inducing significant emotional and memory deficits. Although the molecular targets and pathways vulnerable to cisplatin in the central nervous system (CNS) are currently unknown, RNA-sequencing derived from mice administered cisplatin or vehicle revealed the G-protein coupled adenosine A2A receptor (Adora2a) known to be critical for synaptic plasticity and memory, as a promising therapeutic target for chemobrain. Bioinformatic analysis and qRT-PCR validation revealed significant induction of Adora2a mRNA expression by cisplatin in the adult hippocampus, a brain structure critical for learning and memory. Interestingly, while Adora2a is known to be expressed by neurons, astrocytes and other brain glia, confocal microscopy demonstrates that cisplatin specifically increases Adora2a expression in hippocampal neurons without affecting astrocytes, indicating that Adora2a expressing neurons are particularly vulnerable. To mechanistically determine whether elevated neuronal Adora2a functionality are implicated in cisplatin-induced chemobrain, we assessed the efficacy of Istradefylline (KW-6002), a selective Adora2a inhibitor, in preventing cisplatin-induced chemobrain. Our results indicate that selective pharmacological inhibition of Adora2a prevented cisplatin induced anxiety and cognitive impairments in the elevated plus maze, the Morris water maze and novel object recognition test. In addition, our translational approach employing the non-specific Adora2a antagonist caffeine, protected against cisplatin-induced impairments in body weight, motor learning and motor function. Therefore, our results suggest a critical regulatory role for Adora2a in cisplatin-induced cognitive and motor dysfunction. Given that Adora2a antagonists are proven to be safe and neuroprotective in neurodegeneration as well as in enhancing anti-tumor activity, inhibiting Adora2a may have far-reaching synergistic effects on cancer treatment and chemobrain. This work was supported by Mayo Clinic Breast SPORE (R50CA116201) and Regenerative Medicine Minnesota (RMM 091718 DS 005) to M.H.J. and the Bosarge Family Foundation-Waun Ki Hong Scholar Award to A.O. Citation Format: Alfredo Oliveros, Ki-Hyun Yoo, jun Tang, Ana M. Corujo, Danielle Brogren, Yuanhang Liu, Mi-Hyeon Jang. Adora2a inhibition as a novel therapeutic target for cisplatin chemobrain-induced cognitive dysfunction [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research 2020; 2020 Apr 27-28 and Jun 22-24. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2020;80(16 Suppl):Abstract nr 4141.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0008-5472 , 1538-7445
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1158/1538-7445.AM2020-4141
    RVK:
    XA 36000
    RVK:
    XA 10000
    Language: English
    Publisher: American Association for Cancer Research (AACR)
    Publication Date: 2020
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2036785-5
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  • 2
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    Abstract 2694: Blockade of the cyclooxygenase-2 prevents chemotherapy-induced cognitive impairments
    American Association for Cancer Research (AACR) ; 2023
    In:  Cancer Research Vol. 83, No. 7_Supplement ( 2023-04-04), p. 2694-2694
    Details
    In: Cancer Research, American Association for Cancer Research (AACR), Vol. 83, No. 7_Supplement ( 2023-04-04), p. 2694-2694
    Abstract: Chemotherapy-induced cognitive impairment (CICI, also termed “chemobrain”) is a major neurotoxic side effect exhibited by a wide range of chemotherapeutic agents. These side effects affect approximately 14 million cancer survivors. More importantly, CICI persists well after cessation of therapy, severely interfering with quality of life. Unfortunately, there is no treatment and novel therapies are urgently needed. Utilizing cisplatin, a platinum-based chemotherapy, to model chemobrain mice in vivo, we have established that cisplatin accelerates the brain aging process thus leading to long-term memory impairment in mice similar to what is clinically reported. We further show that cisplatin causes oxidative DNA damage, mitochondrial defects, impaired neurogenesis, synaptic defects, and increased gliosis in the adult hippocampus, a brain region critical for learning and memory. Mechanistically, our RNA-sequencing and qRT-PCR analysis revealed that cisplatin dramatically increases COX-2 (Ptgs2) expression and its major product, prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) in adult mouse brain and human cortical neurons derived from induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs). Similar as cisplatin treatment, the levels of COX-2 expression began to increase at 0.1 µM methotrexate treatment, which significantly increased at 1 µM in human cortical neurons, indicating that COX-2 induction is a common pathogenic mechanism mediating cognitive impairment associated with cisplatin and methotrexate in spite of the fact that these compounds have different mechanisms of action for cancer eradication. Most importantly, NS-398, a selective COX-2 inhibitor, effectively prevents cognitive deficits in mice and reduction in cell viability of human neurons associated with these chemotherapies, without promoting tumor growth or interfering with cisplatin’s anti-tumor activity. Taken together, our findings strongly suggest that COX-2 induction is a main cause of CICI, making COX-2 inhibition a therapeutic target for CICI. Given that COX-2 inhibitors are currently being tested in cancer prevention as well as age-related memory loss in clinical trials, inhibiting COX-2 may have far-reaching therapeutic effects on CICI and cancer treatment, which can be applied quickly, safely, and effectively to clinical trials, in the effort to improve cancer survivor quality of life. Citation Format: Mohammad Abdur Rashid, Jason J. Tang, Ki-Hyun Yoo, Ana Corujo-Ramirez, Sang Hoon Kim, Alfredo Oliveros, Peter Cole, John R. Hawse, Mi-Hyeon Jang. Blockade of the cyclooxygenase-2 prevents chemotherapy-induced cognitive impairments [abstract] . In: Proceedings of the American Association for Cancer Research Annual Meeting 2023; Part 1 (Regular and Invited Abstracts); 2023 Apr 14-19; Orlando, FL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2023;83(7_Suppl):Abstract nr 2694.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1538-7445
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1158/1538-7445.AM2023-2694
    Language: English
    Publisher: American Association for Cancer Research (AACR)
    Publication Date: 2023
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  • 3
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    Nicotinamide Mononucleotide Prevents Cisplatin-Induced Cognitive Impairments
    American Association for Cancer Research (AACR) ; 2021
    In:  Cancer Research Vol. 81, No. 13 ( 2021-07-01), p. 3727-3737
    Details
    In: Cancer Research, American Association for Cancer Research (AACR), Vol. 81, No. 13 ( 2021-07-01), p. 3727-3737
    Abstract: Chemotherapy-induced cognitive impairment (CICI) is often reported as a neurotoxic side effect of chemotherapy. Although CICI has emerged as a significant medical problem, meaningful treatments are not currently available due to a lack of mechanistic understanding underlying CICI pathophysiology. Using the platinum-based chemotherapy cisplatin as a model for CICI, we show here that cisplatin suppresses nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD+) levels in the adult female mouse brain in vivo and in human cortical neurons derived from induced pluripotent stem cells in vitro. Increasing NAD+ levels through nicotinamide mononucleotide (NMN) administration prevented cisplatin-induced abnormalities in neural progenitor proliferation, neuronal morphogenesis, and cognitive function without affecting tumor growth and antitumor efficacy of cisplatin. Mechanistically, cisplatin inhibited expression of the NAD+ biosynthesis rate-limiting enzyme nicotinamide phosphoribosyl transferase (Nampt). Selective restoration of Nampt expression in adult-born neurons was sufficient to prevent cisplatin-induced defects in dendrite morphogenesis and memory function. Taken together, our findings suggest that aberrant Nampt-mediated NAD+ metabolic pathways may be a key contributor in cisplatin-induced neurogenic impairments, thus causally leading to memory dysfunction. Therefore, increasing NAD+ levels could represent a promising and safe therapeutic strategy for cisplatin-related neurotoxicity. Significance: Increasing NAD+ through NMN supplementation offers a potential therapeutic strategy to safely prevent cisplatin-induced cognitive impairments, thus providing hope for improved quality of life in cancer survivors.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0008-5472 , 1538-7445
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1158/0008-5472.CAN-20-3290
    RVK:
    XA 36000
    RVK:
    XA 10000
    Language: English
    Publisher: American Association for Cancer Research (AACR)
    Publication Date: 2021
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  • 4
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    Abstract 3115: Adora2a inhibition via caffeine as a novel therapeutic target for cisplatin-induced chemobrain
    American Association for Cancer Research (AACR) ; 2021
    In:  Cancer Research Vol. 81, No. 13_Supplement ( 2021-07-01), p. 3115-3115
    Details
    In: Cancer Research, American Association for Cancer Research (AACR), Vol. 81, No. 13_Supplement ( 2021-07-01), p. 3115-3115
    Abstract: Cisplatin chemotherapy, although efficacious in resolution of cancer, potentiates cognitive impairments (known as chemobrain) affecting approximately 14 million cancer survivors in the United States. Cisplatin is a frontline chemotherapy used to treat ovarian, testicular, breast and brain cancers. Despite the high prevalence of clinical reports of cognitive impairments during and following chemotherapy, there is little information on how learning/memory are detrimentally affected and no known cure. To elucidate the mechanisms by which chemobrain impairs cognition, we implemented a mouse model resembling intermittent cisplatin chemotherapy in humans. Our preliminary studies revealed that repeated intermittent cisplatin treatment detrimentally affects the structure of neuronal brain cells in the hippocampus, a brain region known for its ability to control learning/memory, emotional behaviors and motor function. Although the molecular pathways vulnerable to cisplatin in the brain remain elusive, gene sequencing from the hippocampus of mice administered cisplatin identified the adenosine A2A receptor (Adora2a) protein was concentrated in elevated quantities in this brain region. Importantly, the Adora2a receptor protein is known for its critical role in learning/memory and has been found to play a role in neurodegenerative conditions. To investigate Adora2a functionality in cisplatin-induced chemobrain, we assessed the efficacy of the non-selective Adora2a antagonist caffeine, in preventing cisplatin-induced cognitive dysfunction. Caffeine was selected as a therapeutic due to its safe pharmacological profile, its universal availability, and low cost. Our translational approach employing the non-selective Adora2a antagonist caffeine, protected against cisplatin-induced body weight deficits and motor dysfunction, both of which are common clinical symptoms of chemotherapy. Interestingly, relative to cisplatin alone, mice treated with caffeine in combination with cisplatin exhibited improved dendritic spine densities in the hippocampus, suggesting improved neuronal morphology by caffeine. Given that Adora2a antagonists are known to enhance anti-tumor activity while also showing neuroprotective promise in neurodegenerative conditions, inhibiting Adora2a during cancer treatment may have far-reaching synergistic effects on quality of life improvement for cancer survivors. Citation Format: Alfredo Oliveros, Ana M. Corujo-Ramirez, Ki-Hyun Yoo, Jason Tang, Danielle Brogren, Mohammad A. Rashid, Yuanhang Liu, Mi-Hyeon Jang. Adora2a inhibition via caffeine as a novel therapeutic target for cisplatin-induced chemobrain [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the American Association for Cancer Research Annual Meeting 2021; 2021 Apr 10-15 and May 17-21. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2021;81(13_Suppl):Abstract nr 3115.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0008-5472 , 1538-7445
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1158/1538-7445.AM2021-3115
    RVK:
    XA 36000
    RVK:
    XA 10000
    Language: English
    Publisher: American Association for Cancer Research (AACR)
    Publication Date: 2021
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  • 5
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    Abstract 6219: WM-S1, the novel small molecule inhibitor of mutant RTK/receptor tyrosine kinase, for the treatment of cancer
    American Association for Cancer Research (AACR) ; 2022
    In:  Cancer Research Vol. 82, No. 12_Supplement ( 2022-06-15), p. 6219-6219
    Details
    In: Cancer Research, American Association for Cancer Research (AACR), Vol. 82, No. 12_Supplement ( 2022-06-15), p. 6219-6219
    Abstract: As the representative targeted anticancer drug for colon cancer patients, cetuximab is the EGFR targeted therapeutic antibody and used for treatment of KRAS wild type cancers. Even some patient with KRAS wt gene did not respond cetuximab. However, there is no treatment available for cetuximab-resistant patient group, which is almost 50% of KRAS WT gene holders. Recently, our team identified cetuximab primary resistant related proteins named as mtRTK (mutant receptor tyrosine kinase) by array analysis based cetuximab responder or non-responder colon cancer patient tissues. We investigated mtRTK’s oncogenic potential as a novel anti-cancer target. A large proportion of colon cancer patients (36.2% Caucasian, 56.9% Korean) expressed the mtRTK was identified, using the sequencing analysis of patient samples. Based on these results, our efforts have led to the discovery of WM-S1, mtRTK inhibitor, which is the first mtRTK inhibitor in clinical development. The potent enzyme inhibitor showed a high anticancer activity confirmed in Patient-Derived Cells (PDC) and Patient-Derived Xenograft (PDX) animal models expressing the mutation. In preclinical studies demonstrate that WM-S1 is well tolerated in rats and dogs. Furthermore, WM-S1 has potent anticancer activities for various solid tumor (NSCLC, cholangiocarcinoma, etc.) including activated mtKRAS colon cancer expressing the mtRTK. Currently we are investigating WM-S1 in a phase 1a trial in AUS, which is the first mtRTK inhibitor in clinical development. Meanwhile, the mtRTK inhibitor WM-S1 drives antitumor immunity (with anti-PD-L1) in NSCLC. Combinational approaches with immunotherapy showed that synergistic effect of WM-S1 and anti-PD1 monoclonal antibody, suppressing tumor growth by 75% in anti-PD1 resistance NSCLC-derived humanized mouse model. A phase 1b trial is expected to develop WM-S1 through not only indication expansion but also combination therapy with immuno-checkpoint inhibitors in the USA, AUS and KOR from Q2 2022. In conclusion, mtRTK is a potential oncogenic driver mutation in various solid tumor. A first-in-class anticancer agent WM-S1 targeting mtRTK can be promising therapeutic agents for cetuximab-resistant colon cancer patients regardless of KRAS mutation status and other cancers. Citation Format: Joseph Kim, Jai-Hee Moon, Kyung-Mi Lee, Hyun Ryu, Eun Hye Park, Sang Hee Kim, Jeong Seok Kim, Young Ok Ko, Yong Seok Kim, Hyo Jin Kim, Tae Young Kim Kim, Moon Seong Yoo, Soll Jin, Seongrak Kim, Yoon Sun Park, Min Ki Lee, Mi So Lee, Ji Hyun Go, Yu Geun Ji, Jun Hyung Lee, Haneul Lee, Min Hwa Kim, Eun Hee Ko, Yeo Jin Lee, Seung-Mi Kim, Joon-yee Jeong, Yeon-seoung Choi, Seung-geon Bae, Jinwoo Lee, Won Jun Lee, Min-Kyeong Kim, Ji min Shin, Dong-in Koh, Sun-Chul Hur, Chun-Ho Park, Hyun Ho Lee, Dong-Hoon Jin. WM-S1, the novel small molecule inhibitor of mutant RTK/receptor tyrosine kinase, for the treatment of cancer [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the American Association for Cancer Research Annual Meeting 2022; 2022 Apr 8-13. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2022;82(12_Suppl):Abstract nr 6219.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1538-7445
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1158/1538-7445.AM2022-6219
    Language: English
    Publisher: American Association for Cancer Research (AACR)
    Publication Date: 2022
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  • 6
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    Abstract 5382: Etoposide enhances TRAIL cytotoxicity by increase of TRAIL-R2 expression via a NF-κB pathway in neuroblastoma cells
    American Association for Cancer Research (AACR) ; 2010
    In:  Cancer Research Vol. 70, No. 8_Supplement ( 2010-04-15), p. 5382-5382
    Details
    In: Cancer Research, American Association for Cancer Research (AACR), Vol. 70, No. 8_Supplement ( 2010-04-15), p. 5382-5382
    Abstract: Tumor necrosis factor-related apoptosis-inducing ligand (TRAIL) is a member of the TNF family, which induces apoptosis in tumor cells while not in normal cells. TRAIL binds with two types of receptors which are apoptosis-inducing death receptors (TRAIL-R1 and TRAIL-R2) and non-apoptosis-inducing decoy receptors (TRAIL-R3 and TRAIL-R4). TRAIL has been considered as a promising agent for selective cancer therapy, although some cancer cells show resistance to apoptosis induction by this ligand. In this study, we examined whether combination treatment of chemotherapeutic drugs with TRAIL induces synergistic cell death in neuroblastoma cells. We showed that pre-treatment with sublethal concentrations of etoposide followed by exposure to TRAIL synergistically enhanced apoptotic cell death compared to treatment with etoposide or TRAIL alone in SK-N-MC cells (28 ± 2% versus 12 ± 3% or 2 ± 2% apoptotic cell death in 48 h), while not in IMR-32 cells (26 ± 4% versus 26 ± 7% or 0.5 ± 0.6% apoptotic cell death in 48 h). These synergistic cell death was inhibited by addition of fusion chimera protein (recombinant human TRAIL-R2: Fc), which can block TRAIL binding to TRAIL-R1 or TRAIL-R2. In addition, pre-treatment with sublethal concentrations of etoposide in SK-N-MC cells induced degradation of IκBα, resulting in NF-κB activation and up-regulation of TRAIL-R2 expression. The increase of TRAIL-R2 expression resulted in TRAIL-induced synergistic cell deaths, which were effectively inhibited by exposure to NF-κB inhibitor. Moreover, we showed that combination treatment significantly decreased the Mcl-1 expression and increased caspase-3 activation compared to treatment with etoposide or TRAIL alone. Our data suggest that pre-treated etoposide activates NF-κB by down-regulation of IκBα, and then NF-κB up-regulates TRAIL-R2 expression enhancing TRAIL-induced apoptosis in neuroblastoma cells. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 101st Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2010 Apr 17-21; Washington, DC. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2010;70(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 5382.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0008-5472 , 1538-7445
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1158/1538-7445.AM10-5382
    RVK:
    XA 36000
    RVK:
    XA 10000
    Language: English
    Publisher: American Association for Cancer Research (AACR)
    Publication Date: 2010
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  • 7
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    A Novel Derivative of the Natural Agent Deguelin for Cancer Chemoprevention and Therapy
    American Association for Cancer Research (AACR) ; 2008
    In:  Cancer Prevention Research Vol. 1, No. 7 ( 2008-12-01), p. 577-587
    Details
    In: Cancer Prevention Research, American Association for Cancer Research (AACR), Vol. 1, No. 7 ( 2008-12-01), p. 577-587
    Abstract: The natural compound deguelin has promising preventive and therapeutic activity against diverse cancers by directly binding to heat shock protein-90 and thus suppressing its function. Potential side effects of deguelin over a certain dose, however, could be a substantial obstacle to its clinical use. To develop a derivative(s) of deguelin with reduced potential side effects, we synthesized five deguelin analogues (SH-02, SH-03, SH-09, SH-14, and SH-15) and compared them with the parent compound and each other for structural and biochemical features; solubility; and antiproliferative effects on normal, premalignant, and malignant human bronchial epithelial (HBE) and non–small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) cell lines. Four derivatives destabilized hypoxia-inducible factor-1α as potently as did deguelin. Reverse-phase protein array (RPPA) analysis in H460 NSCLC cells revealed that deguelin and the derivatives suppressed expression of a number of proteins including heat shock protein-90 clients and proteins involved in the phosphoinositide 3-kinase/Akt pathway. One derivative, SH-14, showed several features of potential superiority for clinical use: the highest apoptotic activity; no detectable influence on Src/signal transducer and activator of transcription signaling, which can promote cancer progression and is closely related to pathogenesis of Parkinson's disease (deguelin, SH-02 and SH-03 strongly activated this signaling); better aqueous solubility; and less cytotoxicity to immortalized HBE cells (versus deguelin) at a dose (1 μmol/L) that induced apoptotic activity in most premalignant and malignant HBE and NSCLC cell lines. These collective results suggest that the novel derivative SH-14 has strong potential for cancer chemoprevention and therapy, with equivalent efficacy and lesser toxicity (versus deguelin).
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1940-6207 , 1940-6215
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1158/1940-6207.CAPR-08-0184
    Language: English
    Publisher: American Association for Cancer Research (AACR)
    Publication Date: 2008
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  • 8
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    Abstract B12: Endothelial stabilizer SAC-1004 normalizes tumor vasculature and potentiates docetaxel chemotherapy in prostate cancer
    American Association for Cancer Research (AACR) ; 2015
    In:  Molecular Cancer Therapeutics Vol. 14, No. 12_Supplement_1 ( 2015-12-01), p. B12-B12
    Details
    In: Molecular Cancer Therapeutics, American Association for Cancer Research (AACR), Vol. 14, No. 12_Supplement_1 ( 2015-12-01), p. B12-B12
    Abstract: Background: Since tumor requires excessive oxygen and nutrients due to their rapid growth, tumor is generally vascular. However, tumor vasculature is not physiologic but leaky, dilated, and tortuous. The inefficiency of tumor vessels in terms of perfusion induces hypoxic stress that makes the tumor more aggressive. Here, we investigated the role of a novel endothelial stabilizer SAC-1004 on tumor vascular normalization and its effects on tumor growth in prostate cancer. Methods: Human vascular endothelial cell (HUVEC) was used to evaluate the effects of SAC-1004 on endothelial cells. Immunocytochemical staining and immunofluorescent confocal imaging was performed for E-cadherin expression in HUVECs. MTS assay was performed to assess cell proliferation of HUVECs and PC-3 cells after SAC-1004 treatment. Immunohistochemical staining with anti-CD31 and anti-SMA antibodies was performed to assess vasculature in vivo. PC-3 subcutaneous xenografts were developed to evaluate the effects of SAC-1004 on tumor vasculature and tumor growth in prostate cancer. Magnetic resonance images were taken to assess vascular perfusion in xenografts. SAC-1004 was administrated via tail vein once a day for 7 days. Docetaxel was administrated intravenously once a week. Results: SAC-1004 restored junction protein E-cadherin in vitro in endothelial cells and significantly reduced VEGF-induced retinal vascular leakage. SAC-1004 promoted proliferation of HUVECs in vitro in a dose-dependent manner. However, proliferation of cancer cells was not significantly affected by SAC-1004 treatment. Reduced vascular leakiness was found in PC-3 xenografts treated with SAC-1004 treatment and magnetic resonance imaging after SAC-1004 treatment for 7 days confirmed improved perfusion in the PC-3 xenografts treated with SAC-1004 compared with control. Interestingly, SAC-1004 treatment suppressed tumor growth in PC-3 xenografts but SAC-1004 followed by intravenous docetaxel treatment showed the most potent tumor suppression compared with control in PC-3 xenografts. Conclusions: SAC-1004 restored abnormal leak vasculature of tumor by restoring endothelial cell junction in prostate cancer. Vascular normalization by SAC-1004 induced tumor regression and combination with docetaxel following vascular normalization potentiated anti-tumor effects of docetaxel in prostate cancer. Citation Format: Yoo Hyun Kang, Jun Hyeok Heo, Hyun A Jin, Ki Chung Park, Sung Joon Hong, Kyung Seok Han. Endothelial stabilizer SAC-1004 normalizes tumor vasculature and potentiates docetaxel chemotherapy in prostate cancer. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the AACR Special Conference: Tumor Angiogenesis and Vascular Normalization: Bench to Bedside to Biomarkers; Mar 5-8, 2015; Orlando, FL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Mol Cancer Ther 2015;14(12 Suppl):Abstract nr B12.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1535-7163 , 1538-8514
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1158/1538-8514.TUMANG15-B12
    Language: English
    Publisher: American Association for Cancer Research (AACR)
    Publication Date: 2015
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  • 9
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    GC1118, an Anti-EGFR Antibody with a Distinct Binding Epitope and Superior Inhibitory Activity against High-Affinity EGFR Ligands
    American Association for Cancer Research (AACR) ; 2016
    In:  Molecular Cancer Therapeutics Vol. 15, No. 2 ( 2016-02-01), p. 251-263
    Details
    In: Molecular Cancer Therapeutics, American Association for Cancer Research (AACR), Vol. 15, No. 2 ( 2016-02-01), p. 251-263
    Abstract: The EGFR-targeted monoclonal antibodies are a valid therapeutic strategy for patients with metastatic colorectal cancer (mCRC). However, only a small subset of mCRC patients has therapeutic benefits and there are high demands for EGFR therapeutics with a broader patient pool and more potent efficacy. In this study, we report GC1118 exhibiting a different character in terms of binding epitope, affinity, mode of action, and efficacy from other anti-EGFR antibodies. Structural analysis of the EGFR–GC1118 crystal complex revealed that GC1118 recognizes linear, discrete N-terminal epitopes of domain III of EGFR, critical for EGF binding but not overlapping with those of other EGFR-targeted antibodies. GC1118 exhibited superior inhibitory activity against high-affinity EGFR ligands in terms of EGFR binding, triggering EGFR signaling, and proliferation compared with cetuximab and panitumumab. EGFR signaling driven by low-affinity ligands, on the contrary, was well inhibited by all the antibodies tested. GC1118 demonstrated robust antitumor activity in tumor xenografts with elevated expression of high-affinity ligands in vivo, whereas cetuximab did not. Considering the significant role of high-affinity EGFR ligands in modulating tumor microenvironment and inducing resistance to various cancer therapeutics, our study suggests a potential therapeutic advantage of GC1118 in terms of efficacy and a range of benefited patient pool. Mol Cancer Ther; 15(2); 251–63. ©2015 AACR.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1535-7163 , 1538-8514
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1158/1535-7163.MCT-15-0679
    Language: English
    Publisher: American Association for Cancer Research (AACR)
    Publication Date: 2016
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  • 10
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    Abstract A150: Ciglitazone, PPAR agonist, induces cell death independent of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ (PPARγ) in glioma
    American Association for Cancer Research (AACR) ; 2009
    In:  Molecular Cancer Therapeutics Vol. 8, No. 12_Supplement ( 2009-12-10), p. A150-A150
    Details
    In: Molecular Cancer Therapeutics, American Association for Cancer Research (AACR), Vol. 8, No. 12_Supplement ( 2009-12-10), p. A150-A150
    Abstract: Ciglitazone (CGZ), peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ (PPARγ) agonist, is recognized to regulate multiple signal pathways and induce apoptosis in various cancer cells. CGZ induces apoptotic cell death through binding to PPARγ, but interdependence between CGZ and PPARγ is not clear. In this study, over 30 εM CGZ observed significant cytotoxicity in T98G cell line, but not below 25 µM. Cotreatment with 20 µM CGZ and 30 µM GW9662, an antagonist of PPARγ, synergistically induced apoptotic cell death. However, treatment with 30 µM GW9662 not significantly induced cell death and cell-cycle arrest on T98G cells pre-treated with 20 µM CGZ. These results indicate that CGZ may induce cell death independent of PPARγ in T98G cells. In addition, only treatment with 20 µM CGZ in T98G cells induced the activation of Akt. However, cotreatment with 20 µM CGZ and 30 µM GW9662 gradually decreased the activation of Akt. These data indicate that CGZ enhance the antiapoptotic effects by PPARγ binding, while free CGZ on cotreatment with GW9662 PPARγ-independently activates cell death signaling pathway through Akt inactivation. We suggest that combination of CGZ and GW9662 could be therapeutic application for the treatment of glioma. Citation Information: Mol Cancer Ther 2009;8(12 Suppl):A150.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1535-7163 , 1538-8514
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1158/1535-7163.TARG-09-A150
    Language: English
    Publisher: American Association for Cancer Research (AACR)
    Publication Date: 2009
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