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  • American Association for Cancer Research (AACR)  (6)
  • 1
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Cross-Cancer Genome-Wide Analysis of Lung, Ovary, Breast, Prostate, and Colorectal Cancer Reveals Novel Pleiotropic Associations
    American Association for Cancer Research (AACR) ; 2016
    In:  Cancer Research Vol. 76, No. 17 ( 2016-09-01), p. 5103-5114
    Details
    In: Cancer Research, American Association for Cancer Research (AACR), Vol. 76, No. 17 ( 2016-09-01), p. 5103-5114
    Abstract: Identifying genetic variants with pleiotropic associations can uncover common pathways influencing multiple cancers. We took a two-stage approach to conduct genome-wide association studies for lung, ovary, breast, prostate, and colorectal cancer from the GAME-ON/GECCO Network (61,851 cases, 61,820 controls) to identify pleiotropic loci. Findings were replicated in independent association studies (55,789 cases, 330,490 controls). We identified a novel pleiotropic association at 1q22 involving breast and lung squamous cell carcinoma, with eQTL analysis showing an association with ADAM15/THBS3 gene expression in lung. We also identified a known breast cancer locus CASP8/ALS2CR12 associated with prostate cancer, a known cancer locus at CDKN2B-AS1 with different variants associated with lung adenocarcinoma and prostate cancer, and confirmed the associations of a breast BRCA2 locus with lung and serous ovarian cancer. This is the largest study to date examining pleiotropy across multiple cancer-associated loci, identifying common mechanisms of cancer development and progression. Cancer Res; 76(17); 5103–14. ©2016 AACR.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0008-5472 , 1538-7445
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1158/0008-5472.CAN-15-2980
    RVK:
    XA 36000
    RVK:
    XA 10000
    Language: English
    Publisher: American Association for Cancer Research (AACR)
    Publication Date: 2016
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    detail.hit.zdb_id: 1432-1
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 410466-3
    Location Call Number Limitation Availability
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  • 2
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Analyses of 7,635 Patients with Colorectal Cancer Using Independent Training and Validation Cohorts Show That rs9929218 in CDH1 Is a Prognostic Marker of Survival
    American Association for Cancer Research (AACR) ; 2015
    In:  Clinical Cancer Research Vol. 21, No. 15 ( 2015-08-01), p. 3453-3461
    Details
    In: Clinical Cancer Research, American Association for Cancer Research (AACR), Vol. 21, No. 15 ( 2015-08-01), p. 3453-3461
    Abstract: Purpose: Genome-wide association studies have identified numerous loci associated with colorectal cancer risk. Several of these have also been associated with patient survival, although none have been validated. Here, we used large independent training and validation cohorts to identify robust prognostic biomarkers for colorectal cancer. Experimental Design: In our training phase, we analyzed 20 colorectal cancer-risk SNPs from 14 genome-wide associated loci, for their effects on survival in 2,083 patients with advanced colorectal cancer. A Cox survival model was used, stratified for treatment, adjusted for known prognostic factors, and corrected for multiple testing. Three SNPs were subsequently analyzed in an independent validation cohort of 5,552 colorectal cancer patients. A validated SNP was analyzed by disease stage and response to treatment. Results: Three variants associated with survival in the training phase; however, only rs9929218 at 16q22 (intron 2 of CDH1, encoding E-cadherin) was significant in the validation phase. Patients homozygous for the minor allele (AA genotype) had worse survival (training phase HR, 1.43; 95% confidence intervals; CI, 1.20–1.71, P = 5.8 × 10−5; validation phase HR, 1.18; 95% CI, 1.01–1.37, P = 3.2 × 10−2; combined HR, 1.28; 95% CI, 1.14–1.43, P = 2.2 × 10−5). This effect was independent of known prognostic factors, and was significant amongst patients with stage IV disease (P = 2.7 × 10−5). rs9929218 was also associated with poor response to chemotherapy (P = 3.9 × 10−4). Conclusions: We demonstrate the potential of common inherited genetic variants to inform patient outcome and show that rs9929218 identifies approximately 8% of colorectal cancer patients with poor prognosis. rs9929218 may affect CDH1 expression and E-cadherin plays a role in epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition providing a mechanism underlying its prognostic potential. Clin Cancer Res; 21(15); 3453–61. ©2015 AACR.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1078-0432 , 1557-3265
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1158/1078-0432.CCR-14-3136
    RVK:
    XA 36791
    Language: English
    Publisher: American Association for Cancer Research (AACR)
    Publication Date: 2015
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    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2036787-9
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  • 3
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Abstract LB-413: A multi-stage association study in breast cancer identifies a protective allele at NCOA7
    American Association for Cancer Research (AACR) ; 2010
    In:  Cancer Research Vol. 70, No. 8_Supplement ( 2010-04-15), p. LB-413-LB-413
    Details
    In: Cancer Research, American Association for Cancer Research (AACR), Vol. 70, No. 8_Supplement ( 2010-04-15), p. LB-413-LB-413
    Abstract: Estrogen metabolism and growth factor signaling pathway genes play a potential role in breast cancer predisposition. We evaluated pathway genes in a nested case-control investigation of women within the Nashville Breast Cohort, using germline DNA obtained from archival benign breast biopsies (formalin-fixed paraffin embedded). We applied methods enabling large-scale candidate gene investigation in the archival DNA (2 to 6 decades old). The study included 447 women who progressed to breast cancer (cases), and 838 women who did not (controls, matched on age and year of biopsy to cases in a ∼ 2:1 ratio). Single allele- and haplotype-based tests of association were explored among 115 tagged pathway genes, and results were compared to those of the CGEMS GWAS (1,145 cases, 1,142 controls). Findings across the two study populations were concordant in 8 genes. Further replication of results was sought in the Collaborative Breast Cancer Study (1,552 cases, 1,185 controls). FGFR2 and NCOA7 associations were concordant across all three studies. FGFR2 carries known susceptibility variants confirmed in prior GWAS, whereas the association at NCOA7 on 6q22.32 is novel. NCOA7 encodes a nuclear receptor co-activator that directly interacts with estrogen receptor to modulate its activity. A haplotype of NCOA7 had a significant inverse association with breast cancer in each of the three studies (odds ratios of 0.67, 0.77, and 0.78 (respectively) for haplotype carriers relative to non-carriers), with a combined odds ratio of 0.77 (95% CI 0.65-0.89), P = 5.1 × 10-4. These observations provide credible evidence that this NCOA7 variant has a protective effect on breast cancer risk. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 101st Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2010 Apr 17-21; Washington, DC. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2010;70(8 Suppl):Abstract nr LB-413.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0008-5472 , 1538-7445
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1158/1538-7445.AM10-LB-413
    RVK:
    XA 36000
    RVK:
    XA 10000
    Language: English
    Publisher: American Association for Cancer Research (AACR)
    Publication Date: 2010
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    detail.hit.zdb_id: 410466-3
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  • 4
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    A Multistage Genetic Association Study Identifies Breast Cancer Risk Loci at 10q25 and 16q24
    American Association for Cancer Research (AACR) ; 2012
    In:  Cancer Epidemiology, Biomarkers & Prevention Vol. 21, No. 9 ( 2012-09-01), p. 1565-1573
    Details
    In: Cancer Epidemiology, Biomarkers & Prevention, American Association for Cancer Research (AACR), Vol. 21, No. 9 ( 2012-09-01), p. 1565-1573
    Abstract: Background: Heritable risk for breast cancer includes an increasing number of common, low effect risk variants. We conducted a multistage genetic association study in a series of independent epidemiologic breast cancer study populations to identify novel breast cancer risk variants. Methods: We tested 1,162 SNPs of greatest nominal significance from stage I of the Cancer Genetic Markers of Susceptibility breast cancer study (CGEMS; 1,145 cases, 1,142 controls) for evidence of replicated association with breast cancer in the Nashville Breast Cohort (NBC; 599 cases, 1,161 controls), the Collaborative Breast Cancer Study (CBCS; 1,552 cases, 1,185 controls), and BioVU Breast Cancer Study (BioVU; 1,172 cases, 1,172 controls). Results: Among these SNPs, a series of validated breast cancer risk variants yielded expected associations in the study populations. In addition, we observed two previously unreported loci that were significantly associated with breast cancer risk in the CGEMS, NBC, and CBCS study populations and had a consistent, although not statistically significant, risk effect in the BioVU study population. These were rs1626678 at 10q25.3 near ENO4 and KIAA1598 (meta-analysis age-adjusted OR = 1.13 [1.07–1.20], P = 5.6 × 10−5), and rs8046508 at 16q23.1 in the eighth intron of WWOX (meta-analysis age-adjusted OR = 1.20 [1.10–1.31] , P = 3.5 × 10−5). Conclusions: Our data supports the association of two novel loci, at 10q25.3 and 16q23.1, with risk of breast cancer. Impact: The expanding compendium of known breast cancer genetic risk variants holds increasing power for clinical risk prediction models of breast cancer, improving upon the Gail model. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev; 21(9); 1565–73. ©2012 AACR.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1055-9965 , 1538-7755
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1158/1055-9965.EPI-12-0386
    Language: English
    Publisher: American Association for Cancer Research (AACR)
    Publication Date: 2012
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    detail.hit.zdb_id: 1153420-5
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  • 5
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    A Multistage Association Study Identifies a Breast Cancer Genetic Locus at NCOA7
    American Association for Cancer Research (AACR) ; 2011
    In:  Cancer Research Vol. 71, No. 11 ( 2011-06-01), p. 3881-3888
    Details
    In: Cancer Research, American Association for Cancer Research (AACR), Vol. 71, No. 11 ( 2011-06-01), p. 3881-3888
    Abstract: Estrogen metabolism and growth factor signaling pathway genes play key roles in breast cancer development. We evaluated associations between breast cancer and tagging single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNP) of 107 candidate genes of these pathways using single allele- and haplotype-based tests. We first sought concordance of associations between two study populations: the Nashville Breast Cohort (NBC; 510 cases, 988 controls), and the Cancer Genetic Markers of Susceptibility (CGEMS) breast cancer study (1,145 cases, 1,142 controls). Findings across the two study populations were concordant at tagging SNPs of six genes, and at previously published SNPs of FGFR2. We sought further replication of results for EGFR, NCOA7, and FGFR2 in the independent Collaborative Breast Cancer Study (CBCS; 1,552 cases, 1,185 controls). Associations at NCOA7 and FGFR2 replicated across all three studies. The association at NCOA7 on 6q22.32, detected by a haplotype spanning the initial protein-coding exon (5′-rs9375411, rs11967627, rs549438, rs529858, rs490361, rs17708107-3′), has not been previously reported. The haplotype had a significant inverse association with breast cancer in each study [ORHet: 0.69 (NBC), 0.76 (CGEMS), 0.79 (CBCS)], and a meta-analysis ORHet of 0.75 (95% CI, 0.65–0.87, P = 1.4 × 10−4) in the combined study populations. The haplotype frequency was 0.07 among cases, and 0.09 among controls; homozygotes were infrequent and each ORHom was not significant. NCOA7 encodes a nuclear receptor coactivator that interacts with estrogen receptor α to modulate its activity. These observations provide consistent evidence that genetic variants at the NCOA7 locus may confer a reduced risk of breast cancer. Cancer Res; 71(11); 3881–8. ©2011 AACR.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0008-5472 , 1538-7445
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1158/0008-5472.CAN-10-2653
    RVK:
    XA 36000
    RVK:
    XA 10000
    Language: English
    Publisher: American Association for Cancer Research (AACR)
    Publication Date: 2011
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2036785-5
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 1432-1
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 410466-3
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  • 6
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Mendelian Randomization Study of Body Mass Index and Colorectal Cancer Risk
    American Association for Cancer Research (AACR) ; 2015
    In:  Cancer Epidemiology, Biomarkers & Prevention Vol. 24, No. 7 ( 2015-07-01), p. 1024-1031
    Details
    In: Cancer Epidemiology, Biomarkers & Prevention, American Association for Cancer Research (AACR), Vol. 24, No. 7 ( 2015-07-01), p. 1024-1031
    Abstract: Background: High body mass index (BMI) is consistently linked to increased risk of colorectal cancer for men, whereas the association is less clear for women. As risk estimates from observational studies may be biased and/or confounded, we conducted a Mendelian randomization study to estimate the causal association between BMI and colorectal cancer. Methods: We used data from 10,226 colorectal cancer cases and 10,286 controls of European ancestry. The Mendelian randomization analysis used a weighted genetic risk score, derived from 77 genome-wide association study–identified variants associated with higher BMI, as an instrumental variable (IV). We compared the IV odds ratio (IV-OR) with the OR obtained using a conventional covariate-adjusted analysis. Results: Individuals carrying greater numbers of BMI-increasing alleles had higher colorectal cancer risk [per weighted allele OR, 1.31; 95% confidence interval (CI), 1.10–1.57]. Our IV estimation results support the hypothesis that genetically influenced BMI is directly associated with risk for colorectal cancer (IV-OR per 5 kg/m2, 1.50; 95% CI, 1.13–2.01). In the sex-specific IV analyses higher BMI was associated with higher risk of colorectal cancer among women (IV-OR per 5 kg/m2, 1.82; 95% CI, 1.26–2.61). For men, genetically influenced BMI was not associated with colorectal cancer (IV-OR per 5 kg/m2, 1.18; 95% CI, 0.73–1.92). Conclusions: High BMI was associated with increased colorectal cancer risk for women. Whether abdominal obesity, rather than overall obesity, is a more important risk factor for men requires further investigation. Impact: Overall, conventional epidemiologic and Mendelian randomization studies suggest a strong association between obesity and the risk of colorectal cancer. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev; 24(7); 1024–31. ©2015 AACR.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1055-9965 , 1538-7755
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1158/1055-9965.EPI-14-1309
    Language: English
    Publisher: American Association for Cancer Research (AACR)
    Publication Date: 2015
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    detail.hit.zdb_id: 1153420-5
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