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  • American Association for Cancer Research (AACR)  (15)
  • Medicine  (15)
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  • American Association for Cancer Research (AACR)  (15)
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  • Medicine  (15)
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  • 1
    In: Cancer Research, American Association for Cancer Research (AACR), Vol. 80, No. 5 ( 2020-03-01), p. 988-998
    Abstract: T-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia (T-ALL) is a type of aggressive leukemia with inferior prognosis. Although activating mutations of NOTCH1 are observed in most T-ALL cases, these mutations alone are not sufficient to drive the full development of T-ALL. β-Arrestins (ARRB) are versatile and multifunctional adapter proteins that regulate diverse cellular functions, including promoting the development of cancer. However, the role of ARRBs in T-ALL has largely remained elusive. In this study, we showed that ARRB1 is expressed at low levels in assayed T-ALL clinical samples and cell lines. Exogenous ARRB1 expression inhibited T-ALL proliferation and improved the survival of T-ALL xenograft animals. ARRB1 facilitated NOTCH1 ubiquitination and degradation through interactions with NOTCH1 and DTX1. Mechanistically, the oncogenic miRNA (oncomiR) miR-223 targets the 3′-UTR of ARRB1 (BUTR) and inhibits its expression in T-ALL. Furthermore, overexpression of the ARRB1-derived miR-223 sponge suppressed T-ALL cell proliferation and induced apoptosis. Collectively, these results demonstrate that ARRB1 acts as a tumor suppressor in T-ALL by promoting NOTCH1 degradation, which is inhibited by elevated miR-223, suggesting that ARRB1 may serve as a valid drug target in the development of novel T-ALL therapeutics. Significance: These findings highlight a novel tumor suppressive function of the adaptor protein β-arrestin1 in T-ALL.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0008-5472 , 1538-7445
    RVK:
    RVK:
    Language: English
    Publisher: American Association for Cancer Research (AACR)
    Publication Date: 2020
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  • 2
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    American Association for Cancer Research (AACR) ; 2020
    In:  Clinical Cancer Research Vol. 26, No. 14 ( 2020-07-15), p. 3760-3770
    In: Clinical Cancer Research, American Association for Cancer Research (AACR), Vol. 26, No. 14 ( 2020-07-15), p. 3760-3770
    Abstract: Adults with T-cell lymphoblastic lymphoma (T-LBL) generally benefit from treatment with acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL)-like regimens, but approximately 40% will relapse after such treatment. We evaluated the value of CpG methylation in predicting relapse for adults with T-LBL treated with ALL-like regimens. Experimental Design: A total of 549 adults with T-LBL from 27 medical centers were included in the analysis. Using the Illumina Methylation 850K Beadchip, 44 relapse-related CpGs were identified from 49 T-LBL samples by two algorithms: least absolute shrinkage and selector operation (LASSO) and support vector machine–recursive feature elimination (SVM-RFE). We built a four-CpG classifier using LASSO Cox regression based on association between the methylation level of CpGs and relapse-free survival in the training cohort (n = 160). The four-CpG classifier was validated in the internal testing cohort (n = 68) and independent validation cohort (n = 321). Results: The four-CpG–based classifier discriminated patients with T-LBL at high risk of relapse in the training cohort from those at low risk (P & lt; 0.001). This classifier also showed good predictive value in the internal testing cohort (P & lt; 0.001) and the independent validation cohort (P & lt; 0.001). A nomogram incorporating five independent prognostic factors including the CpG-based classifier, lactate dehydrogenase levels, Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group performance status, central nervous system involvement, and NOTCH1/FBXW7 status showed a significantly higher predictive accuracy than each single variable. Stratification into different subgroups by the nomogram helped identify the subset of patients who most benefited from more intensive chemotherapy and/or sequential hematopoietic stem cell transplantation. Conclusions: Our four-CpG–based classifier could predict disease relapse in patients with T-LBL, and could be used to guide treatment decision.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1078-0432 , 1557-3265
    RVK:
    Language: English
    Publisher: American Association for Cancer Research (AACR)
    Publication Date: 2020
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  • 3
    In: Clinical Cancer Research, American Association for Cancer Research (AACR), Vol. 23, No. 18 ( 2017-09-15), p. 5480-5488
    Abstract: Purpose: Leptomeningeal metastases are more common in non–small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) with EGFR mutations. The diagnosis is difficult by traditional imaging only, and leads to poor understanding of resistance mechanisms of leptomeningeal metastases. Experimental Design: We compared the CellSearch Assay, the Thinprep cytologic test (TCT), and brain magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in 21 NSCLC patients with suspected leptomeningeal metastases. Next-generation sequencing that included 416 cancer-associated genes was also performed on cerebrospinal fluid circulating tumor cells (CSFCTC) of 19 patients. Results: Twenty-one patients were diagnosed with leptomeningeal metastases, and CSFCTCs were captured by CellSearch in 20 patients (median, 969 CSFCTCs/7.5 mL; range, 27–14,888). CellSearch had a sensitivity of 95.2% for leptomeningeal metastases diagnosis, which was higher than that of TCT (12/21, 57.1%), MRI (10/21, 47.6%), and MRI plus TCT (19/21, 90.5%), respectively. CTCs were found only in 5 of 14 patients (median, 2 CTCs/7.5 mL; range, 2–4), which was a much lower ratio than CSFCTCs. Genetic profiles of CSFCTCs were highly concordant with molecular mutations identified in the primary tumor (17/19, 89.5%). The resistance gene EGFR T790M was detected in 7 of 9 patients with extracranial lesions, but was detected in only 1 of 14 CSFCTC samples. Other potential resistant mutations, such as MET amplification and ERBB2 mutation, were also identified in CSFCTCs. Conclusions: CSFCTCs captured by CellSearch may be a more sensitive and effective way to diagnose leptomeningeal metastases, and may serve as a liquid biopsy medium for gene profiles in NSCLC patients with leptomeningeal metastases. Clin Cancer Res; 23(18); 5480–8. ©2017 AACR.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1078-0432 , 1557-3265
    RVK:
    Language: English
    Publisher: American Association for Cancer Research (AACR)
    Publication Date: 2017
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  • 4
    In: Cancer Research, American Association for Cancer Research (AACR), Vol. 80, No. 2 ( 2020-01-15), p. 319-333
    Abstract: The tumorigenic role and underlying mechanisms of lipid accumulation, commonly observed in many cancers, remain insufficiently understood. In this study, we identified an AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK)–GATA-binding protein 3 (GATA3)–enoyl-CoA hydratase short-chain 1 (ECHS1) pathway that induces lipid accumulation and promotes cell proliferation in clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC). Decreased expression of ECHS1, which is responsible for inactivation of fatty acid (FA) oxidation and activation of de novo FA synthesis, positively associated with ccRCC progression and predicted poor patient survival. Mechanistically, ECHS1 downregulation induced FA and branched-chain amino acid (BCAA) accumulation, which inhibited AMPK-promoted expression of GATA3, a transcriptional activator of ECHS1. BCAA accumulation induced activation of mTORC1 and de novo FA synthesis, and promoted cell proliferation. Furthermore, GATA3 expression phenocopied ECHS1 in predicting ccRCC progression and patient survival. The AMPK–GATA3–ECHS1 pathway may offer new therapeutic approaches and prognostic assessment for ccRCC in the clinic. Significance: These findings uncover molecular mechanisms underlying lipid accumulation in ccRCC, suggesting the AMPK–GATA3–ECHS1 pathway as a potential therapeutic target and prognostic biomarker.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0008-5472 , 1538-7445
    RVK:
    RVK:
    Language: English
    Publisher: American Association for Cancer Research (AACR)
    Publication Date: 2020
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  • 5
    In: Clinical Cancer Research, American Association for Cancer Research (AACR), Vol. 25, No. 11 ( 2019-06-01), p. 3304-3316
    Abstract: Innate immunity is an indispensable arm of tumor immune surveillance, and the liver is an organ with a predominance of innate immunity, where mucosal-associated invariant T (MAIT) cells are enriched. However, little is known about the phenotype, functions, and immunomodulatory role of MAIT cells in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Experimental Design: The distribution, phenotype, and function of MAIT cells in patients with HCC were evaluated by both flow cytometry (FCM) and in vitro bioassays. Transcriptomic analysis of MAIT cells was also performed. Prognostic significance of tumor-infiltrating MAIT cells was validated in four independent cohorts of patients with HCC. Results: Despite their fewer densities in HCC tumor than normal liver, MAIT cells were significantly enriched in the HCC microenvironment compared with other mucosa-associated organs. Tumor-derived MAIT cells displayed a typical CCR7−CD45RA−CD45RO+CD95+ effector memory phenotype with lower costimulatory and effector capabilities. Tumor-educated MAIT cells significantly upregulated inhibitory molecules like PD-1, CTLA-4, TIM-3, secreted significantly less IFNγ and IL17, and produced minimal granzyme B and perforin while shifting to produce tumor-promoting cytokines like IL8. Transcriptome sequencing confirmed that tumor-derived MAIT cells were reprogrammed toward a tumor-promoting direction by downregulating genes enriched in pathways of cytokine secretion and cytolysis effector function like NFKB1 and STAT5B and by upregulating genes like IL8, CXCL12, and HAVCR2 (TIM-3). High infiltration of MAIT cells in HCC significantly correlated with an unfavorable clinical outcome, revealed by FCM, qRT-PCR, and multiplex IHC analyses, respectively. Conclusions: HCC-infiltrating MAIT cells were functionally impaired and even reprogrammed to shift away from antitumor immunity and toward a tumor-promoting direction. See related commentary by Carbone, p. 3199
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1078-0432 , 1557-3265
    RVK:
    Language: English
    Publisher: American Association for Cancer Research (AACR)
    Publication Date: 2019
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 1225457-5
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2036787-9
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  • 6
    In: Clinical Cancer Research, American Association for Cancer Research (AACR), Vol. 28, No. 6 ( 2022-03-15), p. 1127-1135
    Abstract: To establish recommended phase II dose (RP2D) in phase I and evaluate safety and efficacy of abivertinib in patients with EGFR Thr790Met point mutation (T790M)-positive(+) non–small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) with disease progression from prior EGFR inhibitors in phase II. Patients and Methods: This multicenter, open-label study included 367 adult Chinese patients. Abivertinib at doses of 50 mg twice a day to 350 mg twice a day was evaluated in phase I in continual 28-day cycles, and the RP2D of 300 mg twice a day was used in phase II in continual 21-day cycles. Primary endpoints include RP2D in phase I and objective response rate (ORR) at RP2D in phase II. Results: The RP2D of 300 mg twice a day for abivertinib was established based on pharmacokinetics, efficacy, and safety profiles across doses in phase I. In phase II, 227 patients received RP2D for a median treatment duration of 24.6 weeks (0.43–129). Among 209 response–evaluable patients, confirmed ORR was 52.2% [109/209; 95% confidence interval (CI): 45.2–59.1]. Disease control rate (DCR) was 88.0% (184/209; 95% CI: 82.9–92.1). The median duration of response (DoR) and progression-free survival (PFS) was 8.5 months (95% CI: 6.1–9.2) and 7.5 months (95% CI: 6.0–8.8), respectively. The median overall survival (OS) was 24.9 months [95% CI: 22.4–not reachable (NR)] . All (227/227) patients reported at least 1 adverse event (AE), with 96.9% (220/227) of treatment-related AEs. Treatment-related serious AEs were reported in 13.7% (31/227) of patients. Death was reported in 4.4% (10/227) of patients, and none was deemed as treatment-related. Conclusions: Abivertinib of 300 mg twice a day demonstrated favorable clinical efficacy with manageable side effects in patients with EGFR T790M+ NSCLC.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1078-0432 , 1557-3265
    RVK:
    Language: English
    Publisher: American Association for Cancer Research (AACR)
    Publication Date: 2022
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  • 7
    In: Clinical Cancer Research, American Association for Cancer Research (AACR), Vol. 28, No. 4 ( 2022-02-15), p. 637-645
    Abstract: There is no research evidence demonstrate which is the better partner strategy, endocrine therapy or chemotherapy, to combine with anti-HER2 therapy as the first-line management of hormone receptor (HR)-positive (HR+) and HER2-positive (HER2+) metastatic breast cancer (MBC). We wished to ascertain if trastuzumab plus endocrine therapy is noninferior to trastuzumab plus chemotherapy. Patients and Methods: We conducted an open-label, noninferiority, phase III, randomized, controlled trial (NCT01950182) at nine hospitals in China. Participants, stratified by previous adjuvant endocrine therapy and disease status (recurrent disease vs. de novo metastasis), were assigned randomly (1:1) to receive trastuzumab plus endocrine therapy (per investigator's choice of oestrogen-receptor modulators or aromatase inhibitor, with/without concurrent ovarian suppression) or chemotherapy (per investigator's choice of taxanes, capecitabine, or vinorelbine). The primary endpoint was progression-free survival (PFS) with a noninferiority upper margin of 1.35 for the HR. The intention-to-treat population was used in primary and safety analyses. Results: A total of 392 patients were enrolled and assigned randomly to receive trastuzumab plus endocrine therapy (ET group, n = 196) or trastuzumab plus chemotherapy (CT group, n = 196). After a median follow-up of 30.2 months [interquartile range (IQR) 15.0–44.7], the median PFS was 19.2 months [95% confidence interval (CI), 16.7–21.7)] in the ET group and 14.8 months (12.8–16.8) in the CT group (hazard ratio, 0.88; 95% CI, 0.71–1.09; Pnoninferiority & lt; 0.0001). A significantly higher prevalence of toxicity was observed in the CT group compared with the ET group. Conclusions: Trastuzumab plus endocrine therapy was noninferior to trastuzumab plus chemotherapy in patients with HR+HER2+ MBC.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1078-0432 , 1557-3265
    RVK:
    Language: English
    Publisher: American Association for Cancer Research (AACR)
    Publication Date: 2022
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 1225457-5
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2036787-9
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  • 8
    In: Clinical Cancer Research, American Association for Cancer Research (AACR), ( 2023-07-27), p. OF1-OF14
    Abstract: PD-1 blockade plus chemotherapy has become the new standard of care in patients with untreated advanced non–small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), whereas predictive biomarkers remain undetermined. Patients and Methods: We integrated clinical, genomic, and survival data of 427 NSCLC patients treated with first-line PD-1 blockade plus chemotherapy or chemotherapy from two phase III trials (CameL and CameL-sq) and investigated the predictive and prognostic value of HLA class I evolutionary divergence (HED). Results: High HED could predict significantly improved objective response rate (ORR), progression-free survival (PFS), and overall survival (OS) in those who received PD-1 blockade plus chemotherapy [in the CameL trial, ORR: 81.8% vs. 53.2%; P = 0.032; PFS: hazard ratio (HR), 0.47; P = 0.012; OS: HR, 0.40; P = 0.014; in the CameL-sq trial, ORR: 89.2% vs. 62.3%; P = 0.007; PFS: HR, 0.49; P = 0.005; OS: HR, 0.38; P = 0.002], but not chemotherapy. In multivariate analysis adjusted for PD-L1 expression and tumor mutation burden, high HED was independently associated with markedly better ORR, PFS, and OS in both trials. Moreover, the joint utility of HED and PD-L1 expression showed better performance than either alone in predicting treatment benefit from PD-1 blockade plus chemotherapy. Single-cell RNA sequencing of 58,977 cells collected from 11 patients revealed that tumors with high HED had improved antigen presentation and T cell–mediated antitumor immunity, indicating an inflamed tumor microenvironment phenotype. Conclusions: These findings suggest that high HED could portend survival benefit in advanced NSCLC treated with first-line PD-1 blockade plus chemotherapy.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1078-0432 , 1557-3265
    RVK:
    Language: English
    Publisher: American Association for Cancer Research (AACR)
    Publication Date: 2023
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 1225457-5
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2036787-9
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  • 9
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    American Association for Cancer Research (AACR) ; 2018
    In:  Cancer Research Vol. 78, No. 7 ( 2018-04-01), p. 1632-1642
    In: Cancer Research, American Association for Cancer Research (AACR), Vol. 78, No. 7 ( 2018-04-01), p. 1632-1642
    Abstract: Aberrant DNA methylation patterns in leukemia might be exploited for therapeutic targeting. In this study, we employed a genetically deficient mouse model to explore the role of the methylated DNA binding protein MBD2 in normal and malignant hematopoiesis. MBD2 ablation led to diminished lymphocytes. Functional defects of the lymphoid compartment were also observed after in vivo reconstitution of MBD2-deficient hematopoietic stem cells (HSC). In an established model of Notch1-driven T-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia (T-ALL), MBD2 ablation impeded malignant progression and maintenance by attenuating the Wnt signaling pathway. In clinical specimens of human T-ALL, Wnt signaling pathway signatures were significantly enhanced and positively correlated with the expression and function of MBD2. Furthermore, a number of typical Wnt signaling inhibitory genes were abnormally hypermethylated in primary human T-ALL. Abnormal activation of Wnt signaling in T-ALL was switched off by MBD2 deletion, partially by reactivating epigenetically silenced Wnt signaling inhibitors. Taken together, our results define essential roles for MBD2 in lymphopoiesis and T-ALL and suggest MBD2 as a candidate therapeutic target in T-ALL. Significance: This study highlights a methylated DNA binding protein as a candidate therapeutic target to improve the treatment of T-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemias, as a new starting point for developing epigenetic therapy in this and other lymphoid malignancies. Cancer Res; 78(7); 1632–42. ©2018 AACR.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0008-5472 , 1538-7445
    RVK:
    RVK:
    Language: English
    Publisher: American Association for Cancer Research (AACR)
    Publication Date: 2018
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    detail.hit.zdb_id: 1432-1
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 410466-3
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  • 10
    In: Clinical Cancer Research, American Association for Cancer Research (AACR), Vol. 19, No. 21 ( 2013-11-01), p. 5867-5878
    Abstract: Purpose: Our aim was to identify frequent genomic aberrations in both esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) and esophageal dysplasia and to discover important copy number-driving genes and microRNAs (miRNA) in ESCC. Experimental Design: We conducted array-based comparative genomic hybridization (array CGH) on 59 ESCC resection samples and 16 dysplasia biopsy samples. Expression of genes at 11q13.3 was analyzed by real-time PCR (RT-PCR) and immunohistochemistry (IHC). Integrated analysis was conducted to identify genes or miRNAs with copy number-expression correlations. Results: Array CGH identified 11 amplifications and eight homozygous deletions in ESCC. Integrated analysis of array CGH data with matched gene expression microarray data showed that 90 overexpressed genes and 24 underexpressed genes were consistent with DNA copy number changes, including 12 copy number-driving miRNAs. In esophageal dysplasia, six gains, four losses, 12 amplifications, and four homozygous deletions were detected. Amplifications of 7p11.2 and 11q13.2–11q13.3 (CCND1) and homozygous deletion at 9p21.3 (CDKN2A) were consistent genomic changes in both dysplasia and carcinoma. ANO1 at 11q13.3 was overexpressed at the mRNA and protein levels in tumors, and higher mRNA expression was correlated with the copy number increase. In particular, ANO1 expression was elevated in moderate dysplasia compared with normal esophageal epithelium. IHC revealed that ANO1 overexpression was positively correlated with lymph node metastasis and advanced clinical stage. Knockdown of ANO1 significantly inhibited the proliferation of KYSE30 and KYSE510 cells. Conclusion: Copy number aberrations in both esophageal dysplasia and ESCC may be useful as potential biomarkers for early detection. In addition, ANO1 may be a candidate target gene in esophageal tumorigenesis. Clin Cancer Res; 19(21); 5867–78. ©2013 AACR.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1078-0432 , 1557-3265
    RVK:
    Language: English
    Publisher: American Association for Cancer Research (AACR)
    Publication Date: 2013
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 1225457-5
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2036787-9
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