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  • American Academy of Pediatrics (AAP)  (2)
  • 1
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Linear Growth and Child Development in Burkina Faso, Ghana, and Malawi
    American Academy of Pediatrics (AAP) ; 2016
    In:  Pediatrics Vol. 138, No. 2 ( 2016-08-01)
    Details
    In: Pediatrics, American Academy of Pediatrics (AAP), Vol. 138, No. 2 ( 2016-08-01)
    Abstract: We aimed to produce quantitative estimates of the associations between 4 domains of child development and linear growth during 3 periods: before birth, early infancy, and later infancy. We also aimed to determine whether several factors attenuated these associations. METHODS: In 3700 children in Burkina Faso, Ghana, and Malawi, growth was measured several times from birth to age 18 months. At 18 months, language, motor, socioemotional, and executive function development were assessed. In Burkina Faso (n = 1111), personal-social development was assessed rather than the latter 2 domains. RESULTS: Linear growth was significantly associated with language, motor, and personal-social development but not socioemotional development or executive function. For language, the pooled adjusted estimate of the association with length-for-age z score (LAZ) at 6 months was 0.13 ± 0.02 SD, and with ΔLAZ from 6 to 18 months it was 0.11 ± 0.03 SD. For motor, these estimates were 0.16 ± 0.02 SD and 0.22 ± 0.03 SD, respectively. In 1412 children measured at birth, estimates of the association with LAZ at birth were similar (0.07–0.16 SD for language and 0.09–0.18 SD for motor development). These associations were weaker or absent in certain subsets of children with high levels of developmental stimulation or mothers who received nutritional supplementation. CONCLUSIONS: Growth faltering during any period from before birth to 18 months is associated with poor development of language and motor skills. Interventions to provide developmental stimulation or maternal supplementation may protect children who are faltering in growth from poor language and motor development.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0031-4005 , 1098-4275
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1542/peds.2015-4698
    Language: English
    Publisher: American Academy of Pediatrics (AAP)
    Publication Date: 2016
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 1477004-0
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  • 2
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Child Health Outcomes After Presumptive Infection Treatment in Pregnant Women: A Randomized Trial
    American Academy of Pediatrics (AAP) ; 2018
    In:  Pediatrics Vol. 141, No. 3 ( 2018-03-01)
    Details
    In: Pediatrics, American Academy of Pediatrics (AAP), Vol. 141, No. 3 ( 2018-03-01)
    Abstract: We showed earlier that presumptive infection treatment in pregnancy reduced the prevalence of neonatal stunting in a rural low-income setting. In this article, we assess how these gains were sustained and reflected in childhood growth, development, and mortality. METHODS: We enrolled 1320 pregnant Malawian women in a randomized trial and treated them for malaria and other infections with either 2 doses of sulfadoxine-pyrimethamine (SP) (control), monthly SP, or monthly sulfadoxine-pyrimethamine and 2 doses of azithromycin (AZI-SP). Child height or length and mortality were recorded at 1, 6, 12, 24, 36, 48, and 60 months and development at 60 months by using Griffith’s Mental Development Scales. RESULTS: Throughout follow-up, the mean child length was 0.4 to 0.7 cm higher (P & lt; .05 at 1–12 months), the prevalence of stunting was 6 to 11 percentage points lower (P & lt; .05 at 12–36 months), and the 5-year cumulative incidence of stunting was 13 percentage points lower (hazard ratio: 0.70, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.60 to 0.83, P & lt; .001) in the AZI-SP group than in the control group. The mean developmental score was 3.8 points higher in the AZI-SP group than in the control group (95% CI: 1.1 to 6.4, P = .005). Total mortality during pregnancy and childhood was 15.3%, 15.1%, and 13.1% (P = .60) in the control, monthly SP, and AZI-SP groups, respectively. Postneonatal mortality (secondary outcome) was 5.5%, 3.3%, and 1.9%, respectively (risk ratio of AZI-SP versus control: 0.34, 95% CI: 0.15 to 0.76, P = .008). CONCLUSIONS: Provision of AZI-SP rather than 2 doses of SP during pregnancy reduced the incidence of stunting in childhood. AZI-SP during pregnancy also had a positive effect on child development and may have reduced postneonatal mortality.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0031-4005 , 1098-4275
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1542/peds.2017-2459
    Language: English
    Publisher: American Academy of Pediatrics (AAP)
    Publication Date: 2018
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 1477004-0
    Location Call Number Limitation Availability
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    Online Resource
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