In:
Physiology International, Akademiai Kiado Zrt., Vol. 106, No. 4 ( 2019-12), p. 368-378
Abstract:
Early repolarization in the anterior ECG leads (ERV 2–4 ) is considered to be a sign of right ventricular (RV) remodeling, but its etiology and importance are unclear. Methods A total of 243 top-level endurance-trained athletes (ETA; 183 men and 60 women, weekly training hours: 15–20) and 120 leisure-time athletes (LTA; 71 men and 49 women, weekly training hours: 5–6) were investigated. The ERV 2–4 sign was evaluated concerning type of sport, gender, transthoracic echocardiographic parameters, and ECG changes, which can indicate elevated RV systolic pressure [left atrium enlargement (LAE), right atrium enlargement (RAE), RV conduction defect (RVcd)]. Results Stroke volume and left ventricular mass were higher in ETAs vs. LTAs in both genders ( p 〈 0.01). Prevalence of the ERV 2–4 sign was significantly higher in men than in women [ p = 0.000, odds ratio (OR) = 36.4] and in ETAs than in LTAs ( p = 0.000). The highest ERV 2–4 prevalence appeared in the most highly trained triathlonists and canoe and kayak paddlers (OR = 13.8 and 5.2, respectively). Within the ETA group, the post-exercise LAE, RAE, and RVcd changes developed more frequently in cases with than without ERV 2–4 (LAE: men: p 〈 0.05, females: p 〈 0.005; RAE: men: p 〈 0.05, females: p 〈 0.005; RVcd: N.S.). These post-exercise appearing LAE, RAE, and RVcd are associated with the ERV 2–4 sign (OR = 4.0, 3.7, and 3.8, respectively). Conclusions According to these results, ERV 2–4 develops mainly in male ETAs due to long-lasting and repeated endurance training. The ERV 2–4 sign indicates RV’s adaptation to maintain higher compensatory pulmonary pressure and flow during exercise but its danger regarding malignant arrhythmias is unclear.
Type of Medium:
Online Resource
ISSN:
2498-602X
DOI:
10.1556/2060.106.2019.34
Language:
Unknown
Publisher:
Akademiai Kiado Zrt.
Publication Date:
2019
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