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  • Acta Physica Sinica, Chinese Physical Society and Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences  (46)
  • 1
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Strong magnetic fields generated with a metal wire irradiated by high power laser pulses and its effect on bow shock
    Acta Physica Sinica, Chinese Physical Society and Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences ; 2017
    In:  Acta Physica Sinica Vol. 66, No. 9 ( 2017), p. 095202-
    Details
    In: Acta Physica Sinica, Acta Physica Sinica, Chinese Physical Society and Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Vol. 66, No. 9 ( 2017), p. 095202-
    Abstract: Laboratory astrophysics is a rapid developing field studying astrophysical or astronomical processes on a high-power pulsed facility in laboratory. It has been proved that with the similarity criteria, the parameters in astrophysical processes can be transformed into those under laboratory conditions. With appropriate experimental designs the astrophysical processes can be simulated in laboratory in a detailed and controlled way. Magnetic fields play an important role in many astrophysical processes. Recently, the generation of strong magnetic fields and their effects on relevant astrophysics have attracted much interest. According to our previous work, a strong magnetic field can be induced by a huge current formed by the background cold electron flow around the laser spot when high power laser pulses irradiate a metal wire. In this paper we use this scheme to produce a strong magnetic field and observe its effect on a bow shock on the Shenguang II (SG II) laser facility. The strength of the magnetic field is measured by B-dot detectors. With the measured results, the magnetic field distribution is calculated by using a three-dimension code. Another bunch of lasers irradiates a CH planar target to generate a high-speed plasma. A bow shock is formed in the interaction of the high-speed plasma with the metal wire under the strong magnetic condition. The effects of the strong magnetic field on the bow shock are observed by shadowgraphy and interferometry. It is shown that the Mach number of the plasma flow is reduced by the magnetic field, leading to an increase of opening angle of the bow shock and a decrease of the density ratio between downstream and upstream. In addition, according to the similarity criteria, the experimental parameters of plasma are scaled to those in space. The transformed results show that the magnetized plasma around the wire, produced by X-ray emitted from the laser-irradiated planar target in the experiment, is suitable for simulating solar wind in astrophysics. In this paper, we provide another method to produce strong magnetic field, apply it to a bow shock laboratory astrophysical study, and also generate the magnetized plasma which can be used to simulate solar wind in the future experiments.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1000-3290 , 1000-3290
    URL: Journal
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.7498/aps
    DOI: 10.7498/aps.66.095202
    Language: Unknown
    Publisher: Acta Physica Sinica, Chinese Physical Society and Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences
    Publication Date: 2017
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  • 2
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    Online Resource
    Density effect on electronic structure of warm dense matter based on X-ray fluorescence spectroscopy
    Acta Physica Sinica, Chinese Physical Society and Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences ; 2023
    In:  Acta Physica Sinica Vol. 72, No. 24 ( 2023), p. 245201-
    Details
    In: Acta Physica Sinica, Acta Physica Sinica, Chinese Physical Society and Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Vol. 72, No. 24 ( 2023), p. 245201-
    Abstract: Warm dense matter (WDM), a kind of transition state of matter between cold condensed matter and high temperature plasma, is one of the main research objects of high energy density physics (HEDP). Compared with the structure of isolated atom, the electron structure of WDM will change significantly because of the influences of density and temperature effect. As WDM is always strongly coupled and partly degenerate, accurate theoretical description is very complicated and the accurate experimental research is also very challenging. In this paper, the density effect on the warm dense matter electron structure based on the X-ray fluorescence spectroscopy is studied. The warm dense titanium with density larger than solid density is produced experimentally based on a specially designed hohlraum. Then, the titanium is pumped to emit fluorescence by using the characteristic line spectrum emitted by the laser irradiating the pump material (Vanadium). The X-ray fluorescence spectra of titanium with different states are diagnosed by changing the delay time between the pump laser and drive laser. The experimental fluorescence spectrum indicates that the difference in energy between 〈 inline-formula 〉 〈 tex-math id="M5" 〉 \begin{document}${\mathrm{K}}_{\text{β}} $\end{document} 〈 /tex-math 〉 〈 alternatives 〉 〈 graphic xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xlink:href="24-20231215_M5.jpg"/ 〉 〈 graphic xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xlink:href="24-20231215_M5.png"/ 〉 〈 /alternatives 〉 〈 /inline-formula 〉 and 〈 inline-formula 〉 〈 tex-math id="M6" 〉 \begin{document}$ {\mathrm{K}}_{\text{α}} $\end{document} 〈 /tex-math 〉 〈 alternatives 〉 〈 graphic xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xlink:href="24-20231215_M6.jpg"/ 〉 〈 graphic xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xlink:href="24-20231215_M6.png"/ 〉 〈 /alternatives 〉 〈 /inline-formula 〉 ( 〈 inline-formula 〉 〈 tex-math id="M7" 〉 \begin{document}$\Delta E_{{\mathrm{K}}_{\text{β}}\text{-}{\mathrm{K}}_{\text{α}}}$\end{document} 〈 /tex-math 〉 〈 alternatives 〉 〈 graphic xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xlink:href="24-20231215_M7.jpg"/ 〉 〈 graphic xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xlink:href="24-20231215_M7.png"/ 〉 〈 /alternatives 〉 〈 /inline-formula 〉 ) of the compressed titanium (7.2–9.2 g/cm 〈 sup 〉 3 〈 /sup 〉 , 1.6–2.4 eV) is about 2 eV smaller than that of cold titanium. Two theoretical methods, i.e. finite-temperature relativistic density functional theory (FTRDFT) and two-step Hartree-Fock-Slater (TSHFS), are used to calculate the fluorescence spectrum of warm dense titanium. The calculated results indicate that the energy difference ( 〈 inline-formula 〉 〈 tex-math id="M10" 〉 \begin{document}$\Delta E_{{\mathrm{K}}_{\text{β}}\text{-}{\mathrm{K}}_{\text{α}}} $\end{document} 〈 /tex-math 〉 〈 alternatives 〉 〈 graphic xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xlink:href="24-20231215_M10.jpg"/ 〉 〈 graphic xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xlink:href="24-20231215_M10.png"/ 〉 〈 /alternatives 〉 〈 /inline-formula 〉 ) decreases with the increase of density but changes slowly with the increase of temperature during the calculated state (4.5–13.5 g/cm 〈 sup 〉 3 〈 /sup 〉 , 0.03–5 eV). The FTRDFT overestimates the density effect on the line shift, while TSHFS underestimates the density effect. The future work will focus on optimizing the experimental method of X-ray fluorescence spectroscopy, obtaining X-ray fluorescence spectrum of titanium with more states, and then testing the theoretical method for warm dense matter.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1000-3290 , 1000-3290
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.7498/aps.72.20231215
    Language: Unknown
    Publisher: Acta Physica Sinica, Chinese Physical Society and Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences
    Publication Date: 2023
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  • 3
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    Online Resource
    Effect of weight distribution on the synchronization of weighted generalized local-world networks
    Acta Physica Sinica, Chinese Physical Society and Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences ; 2013
    In:  Acta Physica Sinica Vol. 62, No. 10 ( 2013), p. 108903-
    Details
    In: Acta Physica Sinica, Acta Physica Sinica, Chinese Physical Society and Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Vol. 62, No. 10 ( 2013), p. 108903-
    Abstract: Weighted networks can give the detailed description of interaction between the agents of complex systems, so weighted networks is more resemble real-networks than unweighted networks. It is a new way to improve the properties of complex networks by adjusting the weight distribution. Based on the synchronization of unweighted complex networks, the synchronizability of weighted generalized local-world networks can be measured by eigenratio R. We find that weight distribution has an important effect on the synchronization of weighted generalized local-world networks. The uniform weight distribution will lead to better synchronizability.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1000-3290 , 1000-3290
    URL: Journal
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.7498/aps
    DOI: 10.7498/aps.62.108903
    Language: Unknown
    Publisher: Acta Physica Sinica, Chinese Physical Society and Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences
    Publication Date: 2013
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  • 4
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    Online Resource
    Study of experimental method for warm dense matter ionization distribution based on x-ray fluorescence spectroscopy
    Acta Physica Sinica, Chinese Physical Society and Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences ; 2023
    In:  Acta Physica Sinica Vol. 0, No. 0 ( 2023), p. 0-
    Details
    In: Acta Physica Sinica, Acta Physica Sinica, Chinese Physical Society and Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Vol. 0, No. 0 ( 2023), p. 0-
    Abstract: Warm dense matter (WDM), a state of matter which lies at the frontiers between condensed matter and plasma, is one of the main research objects of high energy density physics (HEDP). Compared to the isolated atom, the electron structure of WDM will change because of the influence of density and temperature effect. Both the accurate theoretical represent and the accurate experimental study of WDM electron structure are challenging, as it is strongly coupled and partially degenerated. In this paper, an experimental method for studying the ionization distribution of warm dense matter based on x-ray fluorescence spectroscopy is developed. In the experiment, warm dense titanium with several tens eV and near solid density is created by a simultaneous drive from high energy xray heating and shock compression in a special designed hohlraum. Then, using the characteristic line spectrum emitted by the laser irradiation on pump material (Vanadium) as pump source, the titanium emits fluorescence. The x-ray fluorescence spectroscopy of titanium with different states (cold sample, 1.8-4.5 g/〈i〉cm〈/i〉〈sup〉3〈/sup〉 and 1-25 eV) is diagnosed by changing the experimental strategy. The experimental results indicate that the line profiles of 〈i〉K〈sub〉α〈/sub〉〈/i〉 and 〈i〉K〈sub〉β〈/sub〉〈/i〉 fluorescence spectrum of the heated sample change obviously relative to that of the cold sample. Associating a theoretical calculation from two-step Hartree-Fock-Slater (TSHFS) method, the reason for the variation of the line profile is the change of ionization distribution mainly caused by temperature rise. The future work will focus on optimizing the experimental method of x-ray fluorescence spectroscopy, such as improving the spectrum resolution, characterizing the temperature and density experimentally, obtaining a set of ionization distribution data, and then study the influence of dense environment on electronic structure.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1000-3290 , 1000-3290
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.7498/aps.72.20231216
    Language: Unknown
    Publisher: Acta Physica Sinica, Chinese Physical Society and Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences
    Publication Date: 2023
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  • 5
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Magnetic cloak made of NdFeB permanent magnetic material
    Acta Physica Sinica, Chinese Physical Society and Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences ; 2016
    In:  Acta Physica Sinica Vol. 65, No. 23 ( 2016), p. 234101-
    Details
    In: Acta Physica Sinica, Acta Physica Sinica, Chinese Physical Society and Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Vol. 65, No. 23 ( 2016), p. 234101-
    Abstract: In the past few years, the concept of an electromagnetic invisibility cloak has received much attention. Based on the pioneering theoretical work, invisibility cloaks have been greatly developed. Inspired by those theoretical researches, varieties of electromagnetic cloaks, acoustic cloaks, matter wave cloaks, mass diffusion cloaks, heat cloaks, magnetic cloaks, dc magnetic cloaks and electrostatic cloaks have been designed theoretically and demonstrated experimentally. The first experimentally demonstrated invisible cloak is made of metamaterial with simplified material parameters. The simplified cloak inherits some properties of the ideal cloak, but finite scattering exists. It is difficult to develop a perfectly invisible electromagnetic cloak having homogeneous and anisotropic components by using the natural materials. In this work, a bi-layer magnetic cloak made of neodymium iron boron (NdFeB) permanent magnetic material is designed. When the direction of the intrinsic magnetization intensity of the material is opposite to that of the applied magnetic field, the magnetic field lines will be repelled. When the direction of the intrinsic magnetization intensity is the same as the direction of applied magnetic field, the magnetic field lines will be attracted. With those properties, the two magnetic rings are designed, one is made of NdFeB, and the other is made of neodymium iron chromium boron (NdFeCrB). The direction of the intrinsic magnetization intensity is opposite or parallel to the applied magnetic field. The two magnetic rings nest a bi-layer magnetic ring. When a uniform magnetic field is applied, by using the formulas of the magnetic scalar potential in a cylindrical coordinate system and the constitute relations of magnetic rings, the distribution of magnetic field and scalar potential within the bi-layer concentric cylindrical permanent magnetic material are deduced. Based on theory as demonstrated, the bi-layer permanent magnetic material cylinder can cloak a magneto-static field. Under the conditions of the magnetic cloak with the specific relative permeability and the intrinsic magnetization intensity, the relation between the radius ratio and the applied magnetic field is obtained. The calculation results show that when the radius ratio and the applied magnetic field satisfy this relationship, the bi-layer permanent magnetic material cylinder can cloak the magneto-static field. The magnetic field distributions of both the magnetic non-cloak and magnetic cloak are simulated to show the effectiveness of the proposed theory.In summary, the results show that the cloak performance is influenced not only by the size parameters of the permanent magnetic material cylinder but also the relative permeability, the intrinsic magnetization intensity, and the applied magnetic field. The NdFeB permanent magnetic material used in the magnetic cloak is very common and can be easily obtained, which gives more convenience for the design and application of the magnetic cloak.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1000-3290 , 1000-3290
    URL: Journal
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.7498/aps
    DOI: 10.7498/aps.65.234101
    Language: Unknown
    Publisher: Acta Physica Sinica, Chinese Physical Society and Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences
    Publication Date: 2016
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  • 6
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    Online Resource
    Research on generation of stable mid-infrared lasers with narrow linewidths based on optical feedback locking
    Acta Physica Sinica, Chinese Physical Society and Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences ; 2024
    In:  Acta Physica Sinica Vol. 73, No. 1 ( 2024), p. 014205-
    Details
    In: Acta Physica Sinica, Acta Physica Sinica, Chinese Physical Society and Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Vol. 73, No. 1 ( 2024), p. 014205-
    Abstract: Mid-infrared precision spectroscopy has important applications in the fields of trace gas detection and the determination of fundamental physical constants. However, due to the limited commercialization of related technologies, there is a lack of narrow linewidth laser sources or linewidth narrowing approaches in the mid-infrared region, as well as stable mid-infrared frequency standards. The most commercialized and widely used mid-infrared laser source is the quantum cascade laser (QCL). But its free-running linewidth is more than MHz scale due to the influence of laser drive current noise and temperature fluctuation. This impedes the development of precision spectroscopy in this region. In this work, we introduce a technique for generating a narrow linewidth, stable mid-infrared laser by using optical feedback frequency locking, with a high-finesse mid-infrared ultrastable Fabry-Pérot cavity as the frequency reference. The optical cavity consists of two high reflectivity mirrors separated by ultra-low expansion (ULE) material with a low temperature expansion coefficient, and its temperature is precisely controlled. And the cavity is also surrounded in a vaccum cavity made of stainless steel. All these measures ensure the cavity length and its longitudinal mode stability. By using optical feecback, a QCL is locked to the cavity, which stabilizes the laser frequency and narrows the laser linewidth. In order to improve the long-term stability of the optical feedback, an active servo is leveraged to control the feedback phase. The error signal for the servo is obtained by using the method similar to the Pound-Derver-Hall locking. In this work, we first theoretically analyze the feasibility of laser to F-P cavity frequency locking by optical feedback. We propose the laser frequency response model with a linear F-P cavity under optical feedback, and analyze the influence of the direct cavity reflection on the laser frequency. Then the experimental demonstration is conducted. Firstly, we measure the reflectivity of the cavity mirror by using cavity ring-down spectroscopy, resulting in a cavity finesse of 30200 and a cavity mode linewidth of 49.7 kHz. After that, we successfully achieve optical feedback frequency locking, and consecutive cavity transmission is observed. The error signal for the control of the optical feedback phase is used to evaluate the locking performance by converting it into the laser frequency noise. By analyzing the noise spectral density, the QCL linewidth is narrowed to 0.3 Hz on a short timescale ( 〈 10 ms). And the long-term stability is suspected to be dedicated by the temperature variation of the optical cavity, resulting in a laser frequency drift 20 kHz/12 h. The narrow linewidth stabilized mid-infrared laser source obtained with this technique is expected to serve as an effective frequency reference source for mid-infrared precision spectroscopic measurements.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1000-3290 , 1000-3290
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.7498/aps.73.20231049
    Language: Unknown
    Publisher: Acta Physica Sinica, Chinese Physical Society and Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences
    Publication Date: 2024
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  • 7
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    Online Resource
    Photon statistics of squeezed vacuum field from optical parametric oscillator far below the threshold
    Acta Physica Sinica, Chinese Physical Society and Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences ; 2010
    In:  Acta Physica Sinica Vol. 59, No. 9 ( 2010), p. 6231-
    Details
    In: Acta Physica Sinica, Acta Physica Sinica, Chinese Physical Society and Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Vol. 59, No. 9 ( 2010), p. 6231-
    Abstract: Photon statistics of the weak squeezed vacuum field from an optical parametric oscillatior (OPO) is investigated both in theory and by experiment . The strong photon bunching effect of weak squeezed vacuum field, which can be used as an important source in quantum optics and quantum measurement, was demonstrated. We have experimentally produced the weak squeezed vacuum at the center wavelength of D2 line of the cesium atom by the OPO operating far below the threshold . The second-order correlation function was measured based on the Hanbury-Brown-Twiss scheme, and the result is consistent with theoretical analysis.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1000-3290 , 1000-3290
    URL: Journal
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.7498/aps
    DOI: 10.7498/aps.59.6231
    Language: Unknown
    Publisher: Acta Physica Sinica, Chinese Physical Society and Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences
    Publication Date: 2010
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  • 8
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    Online Resource
    In-fiber Mach-Zehnder interferometer based on fiber core etched air-bubble and core diameter mismatch for liquid refractive index sensing
    Acta Physica Sinica, Chinese Physical Society and Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences ; 2013
    In:  Acta Physica Sinica Vol. 62, No. 21 ( 2013), p. 214209-
    Details
    In: Acta Physica Sinica, Acta Physica Sinica, Chinese Physical Society and Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Vol. 62, No. 21 ( 2013), p. 214209-
    Abstract: A kind of optical fiber liquid refractive index sensor is proposed based on fiber core etched air-bubble and core diameter mismatched in-fiber Mach-Zehnder interferometer. A core etched standard single-mode fiber is spliced to another core etched standard single-mode fiber (SMF) to form an air bubble at the connecting point, and a 20 mm thinned fiber is cascaded (TCF) by fusion splicing method, which is 20 mm apart from the bubble, then a leading-mode fiber is spliced to the thinned fiber to form a structure of SMF-(air-bubble)-SMF-TCF-SMF in-fiber Mach-Zehnder interferometer liquid refractive index sensor. The air-bubble and the two fiber core diameter mismatched points serve as optical couplers for modes conversion. The transmission spectrum of sensor is studied by experiment. Results shows that the peak power changes with respect to surrounding refractive index with good linearity. The sensitivity of the sensor is 142.537 dB/RIU in the range of 1.3511.402 with linearity of 0.996, making it a good candidate for bio-chemical measurements.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1000-3290 , 1000-3290
    URL: Journal
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.7498/aps
    DOI: 10.7498/aps.62.214209
    Language: Unknown
    Publisher: Acta Physica Sinica, Chinese Physical Society and Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences
    Publication Date: 2013
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  • 9
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    Online Resource
    Effective field theory approach to the weakly interacting bose gas
    Acta Physica Sinica, Chinese Physical Society and Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences ; 2014
    In:  Acta Physica Sinica Vol. 63, No. 4 ( 2014), p. 040501-
    Details
    In: Acta Physica Sinica, Acta Physica Sinica, Chinese Physical Society and Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Vol. 63, No. 4 ( 2014), p. 040501-
    Abstract: In this paper we study the theory of nonrelativistic weakly interacting Bose gas from the point of view of effective field theory. Firstly, the nonrenormalizability of the theory is briefly discussed. Then, starting from the effective Lagrangian, the lowest order contributions of Feynman diagrams are calculated for the parameters in the effective Lagrangian. These illustrate the running coupling constant phenomenon. After that, the differential align of the parameters in the effective Lagrangian is obtained. We show that the intrinsic energy scale of this effective theory can be removed, while it is not possible to do so for relativistic Bose gas. Our results can help to study the critical behavior of weakly interacting Bose gas.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1000-3290 , 1000-3290
    URL: Journal
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.7498/aps
    DOI: 10.7498/aps.63.040501
    Language: Unknown
    Publisher: Acta Physica Sinica, Chinese Physical Society and Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences
    Publication Date: 2014
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  • 10
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    SCANNING TUNNELING MICROSCOPIC OBSERVATION OF GRAPHITE SURFACE DAMAGE INDUCED BY GOLD IONS BOMBARDMENT(Ⅱ)
    Acta Physica Sinica, Chinese Physical Society and Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences ; 1997
    In:  Acta Physica Sinica Vol. 46, No. 10 ( 1997), p. 1965-
    Details
    In: Acta Physica Sinica, Acta Physica Sinica, Chinese Physical Society and Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Vol. 46, No. 10 ( 1997), p. 1965-
    Abstract: The individual damage on high oriented pyrolytic graphite surface induced by gold ions of 530keV—4.5MeV was studied with scanning tunneling microscope. The hillock-like damage was observed and measured and then the average diameters of the hillocks were obtained. In terms of a modified nonlinear thermal spike model, the diameters of the damage were calculated and the results fit well with the experimental data. The possible mechanism of damage formation is discussed.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1000-3290 , 1000-3290
    URL: Journal
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.7498/aps
    DOI: 10.7498/aps.46.1965
    Language: Unknown
    Publisher: Acta Physica Sinica, Chinese Physical Society and Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences
    Publication Date: 1997
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