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  • 1
    In: Acta Physica Sinica, Acta Physica Sinica, Chinese Physical Society and Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Vol. 70, No. 20 ( 2021), p. 207305-
    Abstract: Ternary metal halides have attracted much attention as a new potential photoelectric material due to their ultra-high photoelectric conversion efficiencies. In this paper, USPEX, a crystal structure prediction software based on genetic algorithm, is used to investigate the potential crystal structures of ternary CuBiI compounds (CuBi〈sub〉2〈/sub〉I〈sub〉7〈/sub〉, Cu〈sub〉2〈/sub〉BiI〈sub〉5〈/sub〉, Cu〈sub〉2〈/sub〉BiI〈sub〉7〈/sub〉,Cu〈sub〉3〈/sub〉BiI〈sub〉6〈/sub〉, Cu〈sub〉3〈/sub〉Bi〈sub〉2〈/sub〉I〈sub〉9〈/sub〉, CuBi〈sub〉3〈/sub〉I〈sub〉10〈/sub〉, and Cu〈sub〉4〈/sub〉BiI〈sub〉7〈/sub〉) at atmospheric pressure and absolute zero temperature. Based on the density functional theory, the formation energies, elastic coefficients, and phonon dispersion curves of the predicted structures are calculated. The twelve stable CuBiI compounds with good thermodynamic, dynamical and mechanical stabilities are identified. The twelve crystal structures of CuBiI compound feature mainly the co-existence of Cu—I and Bi—I bonds and coordination polyhedrons of I atoms. The band gaps of twelve structures, calculated by HSE06 method, are 1.13–3.09 eV, indicating that the stoichiometric ratio affects the band gap obviously. Among them, the band gaps of Cu〈sub〉2〈/sub〉BiI〈sub〉5〈/sub〉-〈i〉P〈/i〉1, Cu〈sub〉2〈/sub〉BiI〈sub〉7〈/sub〉-〈i〉P〈/i〉1 and Cu〈sub〉2〈/sub〉BiI〈sub〉7〈/sub〉-〈i〉P〈/i〉1-II are relatively small, close to the optimal band gap value for light absorption (1.40 eV), demonstrating that these compounds are suitable for serving as light absorbing materials in solar cells. The distribution of density of state (DOS) indicates that the top of the valence band of CuBiI compound is attributed to the hybridized Cu-3d and I-5p orbitals; the bottom of the conduction band of Cu〈sub〉3〈/sub〉BiI〈sub〉6〈/sub〉-〈i〉R〈/i〉3 comes mainly from the Bi-6p and I-5p orbitals, and Cu-3d contributes little; the conduction band bottom of Cu〈sub〉2〈/sub〉BiI〈sub〉7〈/sub〉 is mainly from the I-5p orbital, and the Cu-3d has little contribution. The bottoms of the conduction band of other structures originate mainly from the hybridized Bi-6p and I-5p orbitals. Electronic localization function and Bader charge analysis show that the Cu—I and Bi—I bonds have more ionic features and less covalent natures. The DOS distribution also confirms the covalent interaction of Cu/Bi-I. In addition, the CuBiI ternary compounds have extremely strong light absorption capacities (light absorption coefficient higher than 4 × 10〈sup〉5〈/sup〉 cm〈sup〉–1〈/sup〉) in the high-energy region of visible light and high power conversion efficiency (31.63%), indicating that the CuBiI ternary compounds have the potential to be an excellent photoelectric absorption material. Our investigation suggests the further study and potential applications of CuBiI ternary compound as absorber materials in solar cell.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1000-3290 , 1000-3290
    Language: Unknown
    Publisher: Acta Physica Sinica, Chinese Physical Society and Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences
    Publication Date: 2021
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  • 2
    In: Acta Physica Sinica, Acta Physica Sinica, Chinese Physical Society and Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Vol. 57, No. 6 ( 2008), p. 3410-
    Abstract: X-ray refraction contrast CT is the computer tomography based on phase contrast. When the biological samples are taken from organs or tissues,X-ray refraction contrast CT provides more internal subtle details compared with conventional absorption CT images and it is considered a novel and very promising imaging technique. The iterative and analytical algorithms are the two main strategies in computer tomography. In the field of X-ray refraction contrast CT several analytical algorithms have been reported in the past. However the algorithm using iterative method have not been proposed. In this study,we tested the application of iterative algorithm in X-ray refraction contrast CT image reconstruction,investigated the influence of the order in which data are accessed in algebraic reconstruction techniques,and satisfactory CT images were obtained. Our data demonstrated that when biological samples are imaged or the complete projective data are not available,our iterative algorithm showed significant advantage over the analytical algorithms. It effectively reduces the number of the projection data,exposure time,as well as the radiation damage to the biology samples.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1000-3290 , 1000-3290
    Language: Unknown
    Publisher: Acta Physica Sinica, Chinese Physical Society and Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences
    Publication Date: 2008
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  • 3
    In: Acta Physica Sinica, Acta Physica Sinica, Chinese Physical Society and Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Vol. 71, No. 14 ( 2022), p. 147302-
    Abstract: The strong coupling phenomenon between surface plasmons and quantum emitters has received extensive attention in recent years. It is usually studied by the far-field spectral detection method such as scattering, absorption, and fluorescence. In the electron energy loss spectroscopy (EELS), highly focused electron beams are used for implementing the local detection on a sub-nanometer scale, which can be more effective to study strong coupling. In this work, the electron energy loss spectrum of silver nanorods, dielectric materials and their composite core-shell nanostructures are theoretically simulated respectively, and the energy and mode characteristics of surface plasmons on the silver nanorods and the excitation characteristics of dielectric materials are obtained. The electron energy loss spectrum of surface plasmon is basically consistent with the related experimental result. Rabi splitting of spectral peaks is observed in the electron energy loss spectra of the above composite structures, and the effect of Ag nanorod size on Rabi splitting is explored. The strong coupling between the radiative dipolar and non-radiative higher-order plasmon with the excitation of the dielectric materials in the infrared and visible band is discussed, and the corresponding dispersion relation is analyzed with the coupled oscillator mode. Furthermore, the plexciton caused by strong coupling are discussed from the perspective of spatial distribution of loss spectrum imaging. Our study builds the basis for further theoretical study, and can guide the further experimental research.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1000-3290 , 1000-3290
    Language: Unknown
    Publisher: Acta Physica Sinica, Chinese Physical Society and Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences
    Publication Date: 2022
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  • 4
    Online Resource
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    Acta Physica Sinica, Chinese Physical Society and Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences ; 2019
    In:  Acta Physica Sinica Vol. 68, No. 12 ( 2019), p. 125201-
    In: Acta Physica Sinica, Acta Physica Sinica, Chinese Physical Society and Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Vol. 68, No. 12 ( 2019), p. 125201-
    Abstract: Microwave radiation in several gigahertz frequency band is a common phenomenon in laser-plasma interactions. It can last hundreds of nanoseconds and cause huge electromagnetic pulse disturbances to electrical devices in experiments. It has been found that the microwave radiation might originate from the oscillation of charged chambers, the return current on target holders, the dipole radiation, the quadrupole radiation, and the electron bunch emitted from the plasma to the vacuum. The microwave radiation waveform, frequency spectrum, and intensity depend on many factors such as laser pulse, target, and chamber parameter. To distinguish the microwave radiation mechanisms, the influence of the experimental parameters on the radiation characteristics should be investigated systematically. In this paper we investigate the microwave radiation influenced by the laser intensity in nanosecond laser-plasma interactions. It is found that the microwave radiation intensity varies nonmonotonically with the laser intensity. For the lower laser intensity, the radiation intensity first increases and then decreases with laser intensity increasing, the radiation field continuously oscillates in tens of nanoseconds, and the radiation spectrum contains two components below and above 0.3 GHz, respectively. For the higher laser intensity, the radiation intensity increases with the laser intensity increasing, the radiation field has a unipolar radiation lasting tens of nanoseconds, and the radiation spectrum mainly includes the component below 0.3 GHz. The waveform and spectrum analysis show that these phenomena are due to the difference of the radiation mechanisms at different laser intensities. The frequency component below and above 0.3 GHz are induced by the electron bunch emitted from the plasma to the vacuum and the dipole radiation respectively. At low laser intensity, both the dipole radiation and the electron bunch emitted from the plasma contribute to the microwave radiation. At high laser intensity, the microwave radiation is mainly produced by the electron beam emitted from the plasma to the vacuum. This work is significant for understanding the microwave radiation mechanisms in nanosecond laser-plasma interactions, and implies the potential to provide a reference to the diagnosing of the escape electrons and the sheath field on the target surface by the microwave radiation in laser-plasma interaction.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1000-3290 , 1000-3290
    Language: Unknown
    Publisher: Acta Physica Sinica, Chinese Physical Society and Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences
    Publication Date: 2019
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  • 5
    In: Acta Physica Sinica, Acta Physica Sinica, Chinese Physical Society and Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Vol. 70, No. 20 ( 2021), p. 204201-
    Abstract: Compared with infrared laser sources, the three-dimensional incoherent extended light source has the advantages of high power, wide spectral range, and low cost. It has extremely wide applications in high-precision and multi-component photoacoustic spectrometers. However, it encounters some problems about poor directivity, low energy density, irregular shape, light field shaping needed in the design of optical system. The photoacoustic spectrometer is required to collect and optimize the radiation of the centimeter-level three-dimensional extended light source to the whole space in a small volume. Through using a series of wavelength and frequency modulation elements, the final cylindrical light field distribution with millimeter-level radius and centimeter-level length is realized. According to the concept of optical expansion and the principle of edge light, this paper breaks through the traditional design mode based on point light source in the process of optical system design and optimization. The concept of extended light source is used throughout the design process. The luminous characteristics of the three-dimensional extended light source are directly acquired by the self-designed measurement method and device which is accurately reflected in the three-dimensional extended light source model in the form of micro-element. The design of the light field shaping system of the three-dimensional extended light source for the photoacoustic spectrometer is realized by the aspheric surface, and the relevant experimental verification is carried out. Taking the Hawkeye IR-Si272 light source for example, the experimental value of the light power at the entrance of the photoacoustic cell and the sidewall noise rate of the photoacoustic spectrometer have a small deviation from their corresponding simulation values. Compared with the original condenser system, the self-designed photoacoustic spectrometer light source system increases the value of the light power at the entrance of the photoacoustic cell from 0.86W to 1.32W, and reduces the value of the sidewall noise rate from 50.3% to 19.7%. The lower limit of detection of the concentration of trace gas in the order of ppm (parts per million) is also achieved.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1000-3290 , 1000-3290
    Language: Unknown
    Publisher: Acta Physica Sinica, Chinese Physical Society and Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences
    Publication Date: 2021
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  • 6
    In: Acta Physica Sinica, Acta Physica Sinica, Chinese Physical Society and Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Vol. 68, No. 2 ( 2019), p. 024301-
    Abstract: It can be a difficult problem to precisely predict the acoustic field radiated from a finite elastic structure in shallow water channel because of its strong coupling with up-down boundaries and the fluid medium, whose acoustic field cannot be calculated directly by existing methods, such as Ray theory, normal mode theory and other different methods, which are adaptable to sound fields from idealized point sources in waveguide. So, there is no reliable research method of predicting the acoustic radiation of elastic structure in shallow water at present. Based on the finite element method (FEM) coupled with the parabolic equation (PE), the theoretical model for structure acoustic radiation in shallow water at low frequency is established in this paper. This model mainly consists of three sections. First, obtaining the near-field vibro-acoustic characteristics of the elastic structure in shallow water by the multi-physics coupling model established by FEM, whose FEM model includes the up-down boundaries and the completely absorbent sound boundaries in the horizontal direction. Second, getting the acoustic information in the depth, which is set as the acoustic input condition i.e. starting field for the PE. Third, the acoustic information in the far-field quickly calculated by the PE and the finite difference method (FDM). The accuracy, efficiency and fast convergence of FEM-PE method are validated by numerical simulation and theoretical analysis through using a monopole source and structural source in the Pekeris waveguide, respectively. The vibro-acoustic characteristics of elastic cylinder influenced by upper and lower fluid boundaries of the Pekeris waveguide are calculated and analyzed. The cylindrical shell material is steel, and it is 1 m in radius and 10 m in length. The shallow water channel is a Pekeris waveguide with 30 m in depth, at the upper boundary, i.e., the free surface, the lower boundary is the semi-infinite liquid boundary. The analyzed frequencies range from 50 Hz to 200 Hz. The study shows that when the cylindrical shell approaches to the sea surface or bottom, the coupled frequency is higher or lower respectively than that of the shell immersed in the free field. When the diving depth reaches a certain distance range, the coupled frequency tends to be the same as that in free field. The acoustic field radiated from an elastic shell in Pekeris waveguide is similar to that from a point source at low frequency, but there exists a significant difference in high frequency between them, so the structural source can be equivalent to a point source conditionally. The sound radiation attenuation of the structure happens in sequence according to the near-field acoustic shadow zone, the spherical wave attenuation zone, the region between spherical wave and the cylindrical wave attenuation zone, and the cylindrical wave attenuation zone.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1000-3290 , 1000-3290
    Language: Unknown
    Publisher: Acta Physica Sinica, Chinese Physical Society and Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences
    Publication Date: 2019
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  • 7
    In: Acta Physica Sinica, Acta Physica Sinica, Chinese Physical Society and Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Vol. 64, No. 1 ( 2015), p. 018201-
    Abstract: Multiscale shock technique (MSST) has been shown to accurately reproduce the thermodynamic and chemical reaction paths throughout the shock wave fronts and reaction zone of shock initiation of energetic materials. A 1:1 cocrystal of hexanitrohexaazaisowurtzitane/trinitrotoluene (CL20/TNT) is shocked along the 110 orientations under the conditions of shock velocities lying in the range 610 kms-1 in ReaxFF molecular dynamics simulations. Products recognition analysis leads to reactions occurring with shock velocities of 7 kms-1 or stronger, and the shock initiation pressure is 24.56 GPa obtained from the conservation of Rankine-Hugoniot relation. Comparisons of the relationships are carried out between shock velocity and particle velocity, shock velocities and elastic-plastic transition. During shock initiation with the shock velocities lying in the range 78 kms-1, the shocked systems correspond to an elastic-plastic deformation, primary chemical reactions, and secondary chemical reactions. And the elastic-plastic transition coincides with the chemical reaction at higher shock velocity (9 kms-1), the cocrystal material response is over-driven, and all the thermodynamic properties show steep gradients, the compressed material by the shock wave steps into the plastic region, and a large number of carbon atoms appear in the early stage of over-driven shock initiation.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1000-3290 , 1000-3290
    Language: Unknown
    Publisher: Acta Physica Sinica, Chinese Physical Society and Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences
    Publication Date: 2015
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  • 8
    In: Acta Physica Sinica, Acta Physica Sinica, Chinese Physical Society and Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Vol. 72, No. 5 ( 2023), p. 054205-
    Abstract: A low-noise single-frequency laser is a key component of the space-based gravitational wave detector, and the intensity noise of the laser directly affects the sensitivity of the space-based GW detector. In this work, we report a low-noise single-frequency laser designed for space-based gravitational wave detector. The laser is based on a master oscillator power amplifier (MOPA), which is designed to possess a low-power, narrow-linewidth seed laser acting as master oscillator (MO) and an all polarization-maintaining fiber amplifier acting as power amplifier (PA). The amplifier that uses a robust mechanical design consists of an Yb-doped double-clad fiber forward pumped by wavelength-locked 976 nm pump laser diode (LD) to achieve 2.13 W of output power and 70 dB of signal-noise ratio (SNR). To suppress the relative intensity noise (RIN) in a millhertz regime (1 mHz–1 Hz), we characterize the power stabilization of a pump diode laser based on a proportional-integral-derivative (PID) feedback control loop where an in-loop photodetector is used. The power fluctuation can be converted into the fluctuation of the current signal by the photodiode, the current signal is converted into the voltage signal and amplified by a transimpedance circuit. Then, the voltage signal is compared with the voltage reference signal, and the error signal is achieved to adjust real-timely the drive current of the pump laser diode. This is a good way to significantly suppress the RIN of a laser at low frequencies, but the measured RIN below 4 mHz is still higher than –60 dBc/Hz. In order to further suppress the RIN to lower than 4 mHz, an active precise temperature control technology is used to suppress the thermal noise from pump LD and fiber coupler. To assess the RIN milliertz regime, we design an RIN measurement system consisting of a high-precision signal acquisition card (24 bit) and a computer program based on LabVIEW. The measurement range of the system is 2 μHz–102.4 kHz and the frequency resolution up to 2 µHz, much better than the counterparts of commercial instruments. By stabilizing the fiber amplifier pump LD current and the temperature of pump LD and the temperature of fiber coupler, the out-of-loop RINs are measured to be –63.4 dBc/Hz@1 mHz and –105.8 dBc/Hz@1 Hz , and in a milliertz regime of 1 mHz–1 Hz, the RIN is below –60 dBc/Hz. The results show that the feedback control of the fiber amplifier pump LD current and the temperature control of the key devices can effectively suppress the RIN in the millihertz frequency band, which lays a foundation for further improving the intensity noise performance in the low frequency band.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1000-3290 , 1000-3290
    Language: Unknown
    Publisher: Acta Physica Sinica, Chinese Physical Society and Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences
    Publication Date: 2023
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  • 9
    In: Acta Physica Sinica, Acta Physica Sinica, Chinese Physical Society and Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Vol. 62, No. 21 ( 2013), p. 210601-
    Abstract: The concept of shock temperature in the interaction betweer femtosecond laser pulses and a solid target is defined. The relationship between the shock temperature and other physical parameters in the process of femtosecond laser ablation of aluminum and copper targets is discussed. Absolute values of shock temperature are calculated by means of a two-temperature model. Shock temperature is calculated distribution based on the non-Fourier heat conduction model. Result of this investigation plays an important role in the secure femtosecond laser processing of energetic materials.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1000-3290 , 1000-3290
    Language: Unknown
    Publisher: Acta Physica Sinica, Chinese Physical Society and Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences
    Publication Date: 2013
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  • 10
    In: Acta Physica Sinica, Acta Physica Sinica, Chinese Physical Society and Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Vol. 65, No. 9 ( 2016), p. 096104-
    Abstract: In this paper, a series of hot carriers tests of irradiated 130 nm partially depleted silicon-on-insulator NMOSFETs is carried out in order to explore the HCI influence on the ionizing radiation damage. Some devices are irradiated by up to 3000 Gy before testing the hot carriers, while other devices experience hot carriers test only. All the devices we used in the experiments are fabricated by using a 130 nm partially depleted (PD) SOI technology. The devices each have a 6nm-thick gate oxide, 100 nm-thick silicon film, and 145 nm-thick buried oxide, with using shallow trench isolation (STI) for isolation scheme. The irradiation experiments are carried by 60Co- ray at the Xinjiang Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, with a dose rate of 0.8~Gy(Si)/s. During irradiation all the samples are biased at 3.3V, i.e., VGS=3.3V and other pins are grounded, and when the devices are irradiated respectively by total doses of 500, 1000, 2000 and 3000Gy(Si), we test the characteristic curves again. Then 168-hour room temperature anneal experiments are carried out for the irradiated devices, using the same biases under irradiation. The HCI stress condition is chosen by searching for the maximum substrate current. The cumulative stress time is 5000s, and the time intervals are 10, 100, 500, 1000 and 5000s respectively. After each stress interval, the device parameters are measured until stress time termination appears. Through the comparison of characteristic between pre-irradiated and unirradiated devices, we find that the total dose damage results in the enhanced effect of hot carriers: the substrate current value which characterizes the hot carrier effect (for SOI device are the body to the ground current) increases with the increase of total dose, as the pre-irradiated and unirradiated device do under the same conditions of hot carrier stress, the degradations of key electrical parameters are more obvious for the pre-irradiated one. In order to analyze the physical mechanism of the experimental phenomena, the wide channel device is tested too, we also analyze the phenomenon of the decrease of the substrate current of the wide channel device. From the contrasts of pre-irradiated and unirradiated devices, and narrow and wide channel device test results, we can obtain the following conclusions: SOI devices (especially the narrow channel device) with additional ionization irradiation field induced by ionizing radiation enhance the rate of injecting electrons into the silicon dioxide, and produce oxide trap charge and interface states, which leads to the fact that the channel carrier scattering becomes stronger, transfer characteristic curve of the device, output characteristic curve, transconductance curves and the related parameters of VT, GMmax, IDSAT degradation degree increase. So, when designing 130nm PD SOI NMOSFETs which are applied to the space environment, one should make a compromise between radiation resistance and HCI reliability.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1000-3290 , 1000-3290
    Language: Unknown
    Publisher: Acta Physica Sinica, Chinese Physical Society and Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences
    Publication Date: 2016
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