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  • ASLO (Association for the Sciences of Limnology and Oceanography)  (20)
  • Springer  (11)
  • Berlin : Heinrich-Böll-Stiftung  (3)
Document type
Keywords
Publisher
Language
Years
  • 1
    Map
    Map
    Meeresatlas : Daten und Fakten über unseren Umgang mit dem Ozean (2017)
    Berlin : Heinrich-Böll-Stiftung
    Details Availability
    Keywords: Atlas ; Meereskunde
    Description / Table of Contents: Ohne das Meer gäbe es kein Leben auf unserem Planeten. Es regelt weitgehend das Klima, gibt uns Nahrung und liefert Energie. Darüber hinaus ist es ein wichtiger Verkehrsweg, ein Erholungsraum und ein Quell ästhetischen Vergnügens. Aber das Meer steht unter Stress, denn das alte Prinzip von der „Freiheit der Meere“ hat zu Überfischung, Artenverlust und einer immensen Verschmutzung der Ozeane geführt.Deshalb muss der Umgang mit dem Meer auf nachhaltige und gerechte Grundlagen gestellt werden. Der Meeresatlas 2017 liefert dazu die Daten, Fakten und Zusammenhänge. Er zeigt in zahlreichen Beiträgen und über 50 Grafiken, in welch schlechtem Zustand sich die Weltmeere befinden, warum das so ist und was man tun muss, um die Situation der Ozeane zu verbessern.
    Type of Medium: Map
    Pages: 1 Atlas (50 Seiten) , Illustrationen, Karten
    Parallel Title: Pösel, Natascha Übersetzt als Atlas de los océanos
    Language: German
    Note: Zur Erstellung des „Meeresatlas“ haben viele Expertinnen und Experten mit ihrem Fachwissen beigetragen. Beteiligt waren insbesondere Wissenschaftlerinnen und Wissenschaftler der Christian-Albrechts-Universität zu Kiel (CAU), die gemeinsam im Kieler Exzellenzcluster „Ozean der Zukunft“ zu Fragestellungen der Entwicklung unserer Meere forschen. Die Texte des Atlas beruhen auf Interviews, die mit den Expertinnen und Experten geführt wurden. Interviewführung: Natascha Pösel, Peter Wiebe, Ulrich Bähr , Hier auch später erschienene, unveränderte Nachdrucke
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  • 2
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Meeresatlas : Daten und Fakten über unseren Umgang mit dem Ozean (2017)
    Berlin : Heinrich-Böll-Stiftung
    Details Availability
    Keywords: Atlas ; Meereskunde
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    Pages: Online-Resource (50 Seiten, 23 MB)
    URL: https://www.boell.de/de/2017/04/25/meeresatlas-daten-und-fakten-ueber-unseren-umgang-mit-dem-ozean
    Language: English
    Note: Zur Erstellung des „Meeresatlas“ haben viele Expertinnen und Experten mit ihrem Fachwissen beigetragen. Beteiligt waren insbesondere Wissenschaftlerinnen und Wissenschaftler der Christian-Albrechts-Universität zu Kiel (CAU), die gemeinsam im Kieler Exzellenzcluster „Ozean der Zukunft“ zu Fragestellungen der Entwicklung unserer Meere forschen. Die Texte des Atlas beruhen auf Interviews, die mit den Expertinnen und Experten geführt wurden. Interviewführung: Natascha Pösel, Peter Wiebe, Ulrich Bähr
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  • 3
    Book
    Book
    Ocean atlas : facts and figures about our relationship with the ocean (2017)
    Berlin : Heinrich-Böll-Stiftung
    Details Availability
    Description / Table of Contents: The publishers – the Heinrich Böll Stiftung Schleswig-Holstein, the Heinrich Böll Stiftung (national foundation), the University of Kiel Future Ocean Cluster of Excellence and the monthly magazine “Le Monde diplomatique” – want to point out the most important dimensions of our interaction with the ocean and its coasts. According to them, it is imperative to rethink our relationship with the ocean and its resources that are important parts of our environment and that urgently need international protection. On 23 graphically illustrated double pages the Atlas provides compact knowledge and current data on the ocean.
    Type of Medium: Book
    Pages: 50 Seiten
    Parallel Title: Übersetzung von Meeresatlas
    Parallel Title: Pösel, Natascha Parallele Sprachausgabe Atlas de los océanos
    Language: English
    Note: The publishers – the Heinrich Böll Stiftung Schleswig-Holstein, the Heinrich Böll Stiftung (national foundation), the University of Kiel Future Ocean Cluster of Excellence and the monthly magazine “Le Monde diplomatique” – want to point out the most important dimensions of our interaction with the ocean and its coasts. According to them, it is imperative to rethink our relationship with the ocean and its resources that are important parts of our environment and that urgently need international protection. On 23 graphically illustrated double pages the Atlas provides compact knowledge and current data on the ocean
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  • 4
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    Ocean acidification causes no detectable effect on swimming activity and body size in a common copepod (2017)
    Springer
    In:  Hydrobiologia, 802 (1). pp. 235-243.
    Details
    Publication Date: 2020-02-06
    Description: Ocean acidification can impair an animal’s physiological performance and energetically demanding activities such as swimming. Behavioural abnormalities and changed activity in response to ocean acidification are reported in fish and crustacean species. We studied swimming activity in the calanoid copepod Pseudocalanus acuspes in response to near-future ocean acidification. Water and copepods were sampled from ten mesocosms deployed on the Swedish west coast. The experiments were conducted on animals reared in the mesocosms for 2 months during spring. Copepods were filmed after long-term (chronic) high-CO2, and after 20 h acute exposure to CO2. There was no significant effect of CO2 on copepods in chronic high-CO2, nor significant effect after the 20 h acute exposure. In addition, we measured prosome length from a large number of adult copepods, but no effect of acidification on body size was found. In this study, P. acuspes did not show sensitivity to near-future pCO2 levels. Even if a number of papers suggest that copepods seem robust to future ocean acidification, interaction between multiple stress factors, such as elevated temperature, hypoxia and salinity changes may impair a copepod’s ability to resist lowered pH.
    Type: Article , PeerReviewed
    Format: text
    DOI: 10.1007/s10750-017-3273-5
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    OceanRep: Article in a Scientific Journal - peer-reviewed
  • 5
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    The modulating effect of light intensity on the response of the coccolithophore Gephyrocapsa oceanicato ocean acidification (2015)
    ASLO (Association for the Sciences of Limnology and Oceanography)
    In:  Limnology and Oceanography, 60 (6). pp. 2145-2157.
    Details
    Publication Date: 2018-10-01
    Description: Global change leads to a multitude of simultaneous modifications in the marine realm among which shoaling of the upper mixed layer, leading to enhanced surface layer light intensities, as well as increased carbon dioxide (CO2) concentration are some of the most critical environmental alterations for phytoplankton. In this study, we investigated the responses of growth, photosynthetic carbon fixation and calcification of the coccolithophore Gephyrocapsa oceanica to elevated inline image (51 Pa, 105 Pa, and 152 Pa) (1 Pa ≈ 10 μatm) at a variety of light intensities (50–800 μmol photons m−2 s−1). By fitting the light response curve, our results showed that rising inline image reduced the maximum rates for growth, photosynthetic carbon fixation and calcification. Increasing light intensity enhanced the sensitivity of these rate responses to inline image, and shifted the inline image optima toward lower levels. Combining the results of this and a previous study (Sett et al. 2014) on the same strain indicates that both limiting low inline image and inhibiting high inline image levels (this study) induce similar responses, reducing growth, carbon fixation and calcification rates of G. oceanica. At limiting low light intensities the inline image optima for maximum growth, carbon fixation and calcification are shifted toward higher levels. Interacting effects of simultaneously occurring environmental changes, such as increasing light intensity and ocean acidification, need to be considered when trying to assess metabolic rates of marine phytoplankton under future ocean scenarios.
    Type: Article , PeerReviewed
    Format: text
    DOI: 10.1002/lno.10161
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    OceanRep: Article in a Scientific Journal - peer-reviewed
  • 6
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    Metabolic response of Arctic pteropods to ocean acidification and warming during the polar night/twilight phase in Kongsfjord (Spitsbergen) (2017)
    Springer
    In:  Polar Biology, 40 (6). pp. 1211-1227.
    Details
    Publication Date: 2020-02-06
    Description: Thecosome pteropods are considered highly sensitive to ocean acidification. During the Arctic winter, increased solubility of CO2 in cold waters intensifies ocean acidification and food sources are limited. Ocean warming is also particularly pronounced in the Arctic. Here, we present the first data on metabolic rates of two pteropod species (Limacina helicina, Limacina retroversa) during the Arctic winter at 79°N (polar night/twilight phase). Routine oxygen consumption rates and the metabolic response [oxygen consumption (MO2), ammonia excretion (NH3), overall metabolic balance (O:N)] to elevated levels of pCO2 and temperature were examined. Our results suggest lower routine MO2 rates for both Limacina species in winter than in summer. In an 18-h experiment, both pCO2 and temperature affected MO2 of L. helicina and L. retroversa. After a 9-day experiment with L. helicina all three metabolic response variables were affected by the two factors with interactive effects in case of NH3 and O:N. The response resembled a “hormesis-type” pattern with up-regulation at intermediate pCO2 and the highest temperature level. For L. retroversa, NH3 excretion was affected by both factors and O:N only by temperature. No significant effects of pCO2 or temperature on MO2 were detected. Metabolic up-regulation will entail higher energetic costs that may not be covered during periods of food limitation such as the Arctic winter and compel pteropods to utilize storage compounds to a greater extent than usual. This may reduce the fitness and survival of overwintering pteropods and negatively impact their reproductive success in the following summer.
    Type: Article , PeerReviewed
    Format: text
    DOI: 10.1007/s00300-016-2044-5
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    OceanRep: Article in a Scientific Journal - peer-reviewed
  • 7
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    Diurnal changes in seawater carbonate chemistry speciation at increasing atmospheric carbon dioxide (2013)
    Springer
    In:  Marine Biology, 160 (8). pp. 1889-1899.
    Details
    Publication Date: 2018-06-29
    Description: Natural variability in seawater pH and associated carbonate chemistry parameters is in part driven by biological activities such as photosynthesis and respiration. The amplitude of these variations is expected to increase with increasing seawater carbon dioxide (CO2) concentrations in the future, because of simultaneously decreasing buffer capacity. Here, we address this experimentally during a diurnal cycle in a mesocosm CO2 perturbation study. We show that for about the same amount of dissolved inorganic carbon (DIC) utilized in net community production diel variability in proton (H+) and CO2 concentrations was almost three times higher at CO2 levels of about 675 ± 65 in comparison with levels of 310 ± 30 μatm. With a simple model, adequately simulating our measurements, we visualize carbonate chemistry variability expected for different oceanic regions with relatively low or high net community production. Since enhanced diurnal variability in CO2 and proton concentration may require stronger cellular regulation in phytoplankton to maintain respective gradients, the ability to adjust may differ between communities adapted to low in comparison with high natural variability.
    Type: Article , PeerReviewed
    Format: text
    DOI: 10.1007/s00227-012-1965-y
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    OceanRep: Article in a Scientific Journal - peer-reviewed
  • 8
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    Between- and within-population variations in thermal reaction norms of the coccolithophore Emiliania huxleyi (2014)
    ASLO (Association for the Sciences of Limnology and Oceanography)
    In:  Limnology and Oceanography, 59 (5). pp. 1570-1580.
    Details
    Publication Date: 2017-09-02
    Description: Thermal reaction norms for growth rates of six Emiliania huxleyi isolates originating from the central Atlantic (Azores, Portugal) and five isolates from the coastal North Atlantic (Bergen, Norway) were assessed. We used the template mode of variation model to decompose variations in growth rates into modes of biological interest: vertical shift, horizontal shift, and generalist–specialist variation. In line with the actual habitat conditions, isolates from Bergen (Bergen population) grew well at lower temperatures, and isolates from the Azores (Azores population) performed better at higher temperatures. The optimum growth temperature of the Azores population was significantly higher than that of the Bergen population. Neutral genetic differentiation was found between populations by microsatellite analysis. These findings indicate that E. huxleyi populations are adapted to local temperature regimes. Next to between-population variation, we also found variation within populations. Genotype-by-environment interactions resulted in the most pronounced phenotypic differences when isolates were exposed to temperatures outside the range they naturally encounter. Variation in thermal reaction norms between and within populations emphasizes the importance of using more than one isolate when studying the consequences of global change on marine phytoplankton. Phenotypic plasticity and standing genetic variation will be important in determining the potential of natural E. huxleyi populations to cope with global climate change.
    Type: Article , PeerReviewed
    Format: text
    DOI: 10.4319/lo.2014.59.5.1570
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  • 9
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    Distinguishing between the effects of ocean acidification and ocean carbonation in the coccolithophore Emiliania huxleyi (2011)
    ASLO (Association for the Sciences of Limnology and Oceanography)
    In:  Limnology and Oceanography, 56 (6). pp. 2040-2050.
    Details
    Publication Date: 2020-10-16
    Description: The coccolithophore Emiliania huxleyi was cultured under a broad range of carbonate chemistry conditions to distinguish the effects of individual carbonate system parameters on growth, primary production, and calcification. In the first experiment, alkalinity was kept constant and the fugacity of CO2 (fCO2) varied from 2 to 600 Pa (1 Pa ≈ 10 µatm). In the second experiment, pH was kept constant (pHfree = 8) with fCO2 varying from 4 to 370 Pa. Results of the constant-alkalinity approach revealed physiological optima for growth, calcification, and organic carbon production at fCO2 values of ∼ 20 Pa, ∼ 40 Pa, and ∼ 80 Pa, respectively. Comparing this with the constant-pH approach showed that growth and organic carbon production increased similarly from low to intermediate CO2 levels but started to diverge towards higher CO2 levels. In the high CO2 range, growth rates and organic carbon production decreased steadily with declining pH at constant alkalinity while remaining consistently higher at constant pH. This suggests that growth and organic carbon production rates are directly related to CO2 at low (sub-saturating) concentrations, whereas towards higher CO2 levels they are adversely affected by the associated decrease in pH. A pH dependence at high fCO2 is also indicated for calcification rates, while the key carbonate system parameter determining calcification at low fCO2 remains unclear. These results imply that key metabolic processes in coccolithophores have their optima at different carbonate chemistry conditions and are influenced by different parameters of the carbonate system at both sides of the optimum.
    Type: Article , PeerReviewed
    Format: text
    DOI: 10.4319/lo.2011.56.6.2040
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  • 10
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    An approach for particle sinking velocity measurements in the 3–400 μm size range and considerations on the effect of temperature on sinking rates (2012)
    Springer
    In:  Marine Biology, 159 (8). pp. 1853-1864.
    Details
    Publication Date: 2018-06-29
    Description: The flux of organic particles below the mixed layer is one major pathway of carbon from the surface into the deep ocean. The magnitude of this export flux depends on two major processes—remineralization rates and sinking velocities. Here, we present an efficient method to measure sinking velocities of particles in the size range from approximately 3–400 μm by means of video microscopy (FlowCAM®). The method allows rapid measurement and automated analysis of mixed samples and was tested with polystyrene beads, different phytoplankton species, and sediment trap material. Sinking velocities of polystyrene beads were close to theoretical values calculated from Stokes’ Law. Sinking velocities of the investigated phytoplankton species were in reasonable agreement with published literature values and sinking velocities of material collected in sediment trap increased with particle size. Temperature had a strong effect on sinking velocities due to its influence on seawater viscosity and density. An increase in 9 °C led to a measured increase in sinking velocities of ~40 %. According to this temperature effect, an average temperature increase in 2 °C as projected for the sea surface by the end of this century could increase sinking velocities by about 6 % which might have feedbacks on carbon export into the deep ocean.
    Type: Article , PeerReviewed
    Format: text
    DOI: 10.1007/s00227-012-1945-2
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    OceanRep: Article in a Scientific Journal - peer-reviewed
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