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  • AIP Publishing  (173)
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  • AIP Publishing  (173)
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  • 1
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Gravitational constant model and correction
    AIP Publishing ; 2022
    In:  Journal of Mathematical Physics Vol. 63, No. 11 ( 2022-11-01)
    Details
    In: Journal of Mathematical Physics, AIP Publishing, Vol. 63, No. 11 ( 2022-11-01)
    Abstract: We construct a model for considering the quantum correction of the gravitational constant. In the model, the gravitational constant originates from a coupling between the gravitational field and a scalar field. If the scalar field, as it should be in the real physical world, is a quantum field, the gravitational constant will have a quantum correction. The quantum correction, generally speaking, varies with spacetime coordinates. Therefore, the gravitational constant is no longer a constant. In different spacetime, the quantum correction is different, for the coupling in different spacetime is different. As a result, the gravitational constant in different spacetime is different, though the difference is only at the quantum level. We calculate the quantum correction of the gravitational constant in the Schwarzschild spacetime, the H3 (Euclidean AdS3) spacetime, the H3/Z spacetime, the universe model, the de Sitter spacetime, and the Rindler spacetime.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0022-2488 , 1089-7658
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1063/5.0095583
    RVK:
    UA 4660
    Language: English
    Publisher: AIP Publishing
    Publication Date: 2022
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 1472481-9
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  • 2
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Temperature dependent properties and poling effect of K4CuNb8O23 modified (Na0.5K0.5)NbO3 lead free piezoceramics
    AIP Publishing ; 2015
    In:  Journal of Applied Physics Vol. 117, No. 12 ( 2015-03-28)
    Details
    In: Journal of Applied Physics, AIP Publishing, Vol. 117, No. 12 ( 2015-03-28)
    Abstract: Lead free piezoelectric ceramics (Na0.5K0.5)NbO3 modified by 4% mol. K4CuNb8O23 (abbreviated NKN:4KCN hereinafter) contain moderate piezoelectric constant d33 ∼ 100 pC N−1 and large mechanical quality factor Qm  & gt; 1000, showing possible replacement of the lead-based ones (Chen et al., J Appl. Phys. 102, 104109 (2007)). In terms of practical use, however, the temperature stability of NKN:4KCN is not clear to date. We made a systematic investigation on the properties versus temperature of NKN:4KCN to evaluate whether it can be practically used. In the range from room temperature (RT ∼ 25 °C) to 100 °C, the ferroelectricity of poled NKN:4KCN material is nearly temperature independent, remanent polarization Pr is about 27.6 ±1 μC cm−2. When the as-studied NKN:4KCN ceramics were thermal depolarized in temperature range from RT to 450 °C, piezoelectric constant d33 changed little, retaining about 99 pC N−1, 77 ± 3 pC N−1, from RT to 150 °C, 200 °C to 350 °C, respectively. The poled NKN:4KCN material showed higher orthorhombic to tetragonal phase transition temperature (TO−T ∼ 200 °C) compared to unpoled sample (TO−T ∼ 194 °C). Moreover, this kind of lead free material displayed negative temperature coefficient of frequency (TCF) and positive TCF in orthorhombic and tetragonal phase state, respectively. The TCF was about −360 ppm K−1 in the range from RT to 125 °C, close to some lead-based commercial ones. The significance of this work lies in evaluating whether such a material can be practically used or not. We believe such a material might be the most promising candidate for replacing lead-based ones in some areas in the future.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0021-8979 , 1089-7550
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1063/1.4916076
    Language: English
    Publisher: AIP Publishing
    Publication Date: 2015
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 220641-9
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 3112-4
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 1476463-5
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  • 3
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Bistable electrical switching and electronic memory effect in a solution-processable graphene oxide-donor polymer complex
    AIP Publishing ; 2009
    In:  Applied Physics Letters Vol. 95, No. 25 ( 2009-12-21)
    Details
    In: Applied Physics Letters, AIP Publishing, Vol. 95, No. 25 ( 2009-12-21)
    Abstract: A solution-processable and electroactive complex of poly(N-vinylcarbazole)-derivatized graphene oxide (GO-PVK) was prepared via amidation of end-functionalized PVK, from reversible addition fragmentation chain transfer polymerization, with tolylene-2,5-diisocyanate-functionalized graphene oxide. The Al/GO-PVK/ITO device exhibits bistable electrical conductivity switching and nonvolatile rewritable memory effects. Both the OFF and ON states of the memory device are stable under a constant voltage stress of −1 V for up to 3 h, or under a pulse voltage stress of −1 V for up to 108 read cycles, with an ON/OFF state current ratio in excess of 103.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0003-6951 , 1077-3118
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1063/1.3276556
    RVK:
    UA 1000
    Language: English
    Publisher: AIP Publishing
    Publication Date: 2009
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 211245-0
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 1469436-0
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  • 4
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    High capacity and excellent cycling stability of single-walled carbon nanotube/SnO2 core-shell structures as Li-insertion materials
    AIP Publishing ; 2008
    In:  Applied Physics Letters Vol. 92, No. 22 ( 2008-06-02)
    Details
    In: Applied Physics Letters, AIP Publishing, Vol. 92, No. 22 ( 2008-06-02)
    Abstract: The single-walled carbon nanotube (SWNT)/SnO2 core-shell structures with small diameters as Li-insertion materials are investigated. The initial discharge capacity is up to 1339mAh∕g, and the reversible capacity retention is 89.8% after 100cycles, which is comparable to the performance of commercial graphite anodes. Such good electrochemical properties are attributed to large surface-to-volume ratio of SnO2 and good electrical conductivity of SWNT. Our results demonstrate that the SWNT/core-shell structures are very promising for active Li-insertion materials for Li-ion batteries.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0003-6951 , 1077-3118
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1063/1.2937839
    RVK:
    UA 1000
    Language: English
    Publisher: AIP Publishing
    Publication Date: 2008
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 211245-0
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 1469436-0
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  • 5
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Enhanced piezoelectric response of Aurivillius ferroelectrics by constructing a novel solid solution and combining traditional chemical substitution
    AIP Publishing ; 2023
    In:  Journal of Applied Physics Vol. 133, No. 1 ( 2023-01-07)
    Details
    In: Journal of Applied Physics, AIP Publishing, Vol. 133, No. 1 ( 2023-01-07)
    Abstract: With the increasing demand for high-temperature piezoelectric ceramics, excellent piezoelectricity and high Curie temperature are required simultaneously. Herein, combining the advantages of constructing new-type solid solutions and traditional A-site doping strategy, Aurivillius ferroelectrics (Na0.5Bi0.5)0.5−x/2(Li0.5Ce0.5)x/2Bi2.5Ti0.5Nb1.5O9 (NBTN-LC100x, x = 0–0.16) were designed to achieve the large piezoelectric response and high Curie temperature simultaneously. The existence of a pseudo-tetragonal phase boundary together with the reduction of domain size produces a large piezoelectric coefficient (d33 ∼ 24.6 pC/N) with a fairly high TC (∼825 °C). Moreover, pseudo-tetragonal distortion might be responsible for the excellent thermal stability of d33 against thermal depolarization temperature (Td). For NBTN-LC12, high-temperature electric resistivity is still above 1 × 105 Ω cm at 600 °C. The improved comprehensive properties of NBTN-LC100x ceramics demonstrate that the construction of a novel Aurivillius ferroelectrics is a promising way to explore high-temperature sensor materials.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0021-8979 , 1089-7550
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1063/5.0133084
    Language: English
    Publisher: AIP Publishing
    Publication Date: 2023
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 220641-9
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 3112-4
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 1476463-5
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  • 6
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Principle and application of bubble-based oscillation for fast mixing on microfluidic chip
    AIP Publishing ; 2022
    In:  AIP Advances Vol. 12, No. 10 ( 2022-10-01)
    Details
    In: AIP Advances, AIP Publishing, Vol. 12, No. 10 ( 2022-10-01)
    Abstract: Mixing in microfluidic devices presents a challenge because of the laminar flow in microchannels. Here, we present an oscillatory-flow-based microfluidic mixer (OFBMM) in which fluids are subjected to a back-and-forth motion by utilizing a periodically changed pressure and an on-chip gas bubble. We developed a low-cost Arduino-based pneumatic system to apply pressure and an OpenCV-based image-processing algorithm to quantitatively analyze the mixing effect. We found that the oscillatory motion of fluids is similar to the charging and discharging process of an RC circuit used in electronics. We investigated the mixing effect by varying the oscillation frequencies, initial bubble volumes, and applied pressures. The results indicated that the increase in both the applied pressure and the initial volume of the gas bubble could promote fluid mixing. A large-scale serial dilution microfluidic chip based on OFBMM was also developed to demonstrate its biochemical potential. We believe that OFBMM will provide a new choice for mixing two or more solutions in a valves-integrated microfluidic system.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2158-3226
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1063/5.0096962
    Language: English
    Publisher: AIP Publishing
    Publication Date: 2022
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2583909-3
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  • 7
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Readout of a quantum processor with high dynamic range Josephson parametric amplifiers
    AIP Publishing ; 2023
    In:  Applied Physics Letters Vol. 122, No. 1 ( 2023-01-02)
    Details
    In: Applied Physics Letters, AIP Publishing, Vol. 122, No. 1 ( 2023-01-02)
    Abstract: We demonstrate a high dynamic range Josephson parametric amplifier (JPA) in which the active nonlinear element is implemented using an array of rf-SQUIDs. The device is matched to the 50 Ω environment with a Klopfenstein-taper impedance transformer and achieves a bandwidth of 250–300 MHz with input saturation powers up to −95 dBm at 20 dB gain. A 54-qubit Sycamore processor was used to benchmark these devices, providing a calibration for readout power, an estimation of amplifier added noise, and a platform for comparison against standard impedance matched parametric amplifiers with a single dc-SQUID. We find that the high power rf-SQUID array design has no adverse effect on system noise, readout fidelity, or qubit dephasing, and we estimate an upper bound on amplifier added noise at 1.6 times the quantum limit. Finally, amplifiers with this design show no degradation in readout fidelity due to gain compression, which can occur in multi-tone multiplexed readout with traditional JPAs.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0003-6951 , 1077-3118
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1063/5.0127375
    RVK:
    UA 1000
    Language: English
    Publisher: AIP Publishing
    Publication Date: 2023
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 211245-0
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 1469436-0
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  • 8
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Thick lens model for self-focusing in Kerr medium
    AIP Publishing ; 1998
    In:  Applied Physics Letters Vol. 73, No. 4 ( 1998-07-27), p. 429-431
    Details
    In: Applied Physics Letters, AIP Publishing, Vol. 73, No. 4 ( 1998-07-27), p. 429-431
    Abstract: An asymmetric “thick-lens” model for self-focusing in Kerr medium of finite thickness is presented by introducing a complex curvature radius of a Gaussian beam in nonlinear medium and a transfer matrix for the transition from linear to nonlinear medium. With this model the linear ABCD-matrix formalism can be extended to nonlinear optical systems with a clear physical insight. The modulation of the cavity transverse mode of a resonator containing a Kerr medium is characterized by the asymmetry of the “thick lens.” The intracavity small-signal relative spot size variation outside as well as inside the Kerr medium can be calculated efficiently with the “thick-lens”-like matrix formalisms. Criteria for the design and optimization of a Kerr-lens mode-locked laser resonator with a hard or soft aperture are predicted.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0003-6951 , 1077-3118
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1063/1.121889
    RVK:
    UA 1000
    Language: English
    Publisher: AIP Publishing
    Publication Date: 1998
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 211245-0
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  • 9
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Investigation of the improved performance in a graphene/polycrystalline BiFeO3/Pt photovoltaic heterojunction: Experiment, modeling, and application
    AIP Publishing ; 2012
    In:  Journal of Applied Physics Vol. 112, No. 5 ( 2012-09-01)
    Details
    In: Journal of Applied Physics, AIP Publishing, Vol. 112, No. 5 ( 2012-09-01)
    Abstract: We report on the enhancement of photovoltaic performance in a graphene/polycrystalline BiFeO3 (BFO)/Pt heterojunction for the first time. The unique properties of the graphene electrode lead to a short circuit current density of 61 μA/cm2 and an open circuit voltage of 0.52 V in the heterojunction. These values are much higher than the results reported in polycrystalline BFO with indium tin oxide as the top electrode. A theoretical band diagram model and an equivalent electrical model considering the ferroelectric polarization, interface states, and energy band bending effect are constructed to depict the carrier transport behavior. Important photovoltaic parameters, such as conversion efficiency, illumination intensity response, ON/OFF characteristics, minority carrier lifetime, and external quantum efficiency, are investigated experimentally and theoretically. To improve the photovoltaic performance of the graphene/polycrystalline BFO/Pt heterojunction, HNO3 treatment, and CdSe quantum dots (QDs) filling/sensitizing, as two independent chemical and physical routines, were processed and compared. It can be seen that the photocurrent density exhibits a significant improvement from 61 μA/cm2 to 8.67 mA/cm2 (∼150 fold) after HNO3 treatment, while a considerable enhancement of ∼5 fold is seen with QDs filling/sensitizing. We also present and investigate an optical application of our graphene/polycrystalline BFO/Pt heterojunction as a photosensitive detector.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0021-8979 , 1089-7550
    URL: Article
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1063/1.4748876
    DOI: 10.1063/1.4748876.1
    Language: English
    Publisher: AIP Publishing
    Publication Date: 2012
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 220641-9
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 3112-4
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 1476463-5
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  • 10
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Microstructures, dielectric, and piezoelectric properties of W/Cr co-doped Bi4Ti3O12 ceramics
    AIP Publishing ; 2014
    In:  Journal of Applied Physics Vol. 116, No. 7 ( 2014-08-21)
    Details
    In: Journal of Applied Physics, AIP Publishing, Vol. 116, No. 7 ( 2014-08-21)
    Abstract: W/Cr co-doped Bi4Ti3O12 (BTWC) ceramics {Bi4Ti3−xWxO12 + x + 0.2 wt. % Cr2O3 (x = 0–0.1)} with a high piezoelectricity were prepared by a conventional ceramic process, and effects of W/Cr dopant on the microstructures, dielectric, and piezoelectric properties of ceramics were explored. It is found that W6+ modified the grain morphology and size of ceramics, promoting the forming of the regular schistose grains with a size of ∼10 μm in the ceramic at x = 0.05. BTWC ceramics showed a continuous decrease in Tc and a gradual increase in εr with the increasing W doping content. While the hard-doping of Cr2O3 decreased, the TKε and tan δ of ceramics available. All the ceramics keep the nature of first-order transition and displacive ferroelectrics. The d33 and kp of BTWC ceramics were remarkably improved by the soft-doping of W6+. Excellent electrical properties (e.g., Tc = 638 °C, εr = 146, tan δ = 0.56%, TKε (500 °C) = 1.30 × 10−3/ °C, τ (500 °C) = 4.08 × 10−5 s, d33 = 28 pC/N, and kp = 6.17%) have been achieved in Bi4Ti2.95W0.05O12.05 + 0.2 wt. % Cr2O3 ceramic. Such a material can be a promising candidate for high-temperature piezoelectric applications.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0021-8979 , 1089-7550
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1063/1.4893366
    Language: English
    Publisher: AIP Publishing
    Publication Date: 2014
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 220641-9
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 3112-4
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 1476463-5
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