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  • AIP Publishing  (8)
  • 1
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Characteristics of streamer discharge development between the dielectric-coated sphere-plane electrodes in water
    AIP Publishing ; 2008
    In:  Journal of Applied Physics Vol. 104, No. 11 ( 2008-12-01)
    Details
    In: Journal of Applied Physics, AIP Publishing, Vol. 104, No. 11 ( 2008-12-01)
    Abstract: This paper presents the characteristics of the streamer discharge development between the dielectric-coated sphere-plane electrodes in water. In order to study the streamer propagation mechanism, the factors such as polarities, water conductivity, and ambient pressure were taken into consideration. Experimental results demonstrate that the water conductivity and amplitude of applied voltage both have a great influence on mean velocity and brightness of the streamer. When the ambient pressure decreases from 0.1 to 0.0065 MPa, the pressure has little influence on the mean velocities of the streamer in both distilled and tap water for fast streamer. The existence of dielectric coating causes a lower initiation voltage of the streamer for negative polarity than that for positive one. Also, the 10% breakdown voltage (U10%) is decreased by 20% under the pressure of 0.0065 MPa than that under the pressure of 0.1 MPa in distilled water, while the U10% is almost the same under different pressures in tap water. Based on the analysis of the discharge images and current waveforms as well as the above experimental results, it can be concluded that the streamer propagation is composed of the generation of the microbubbles and the discharge in the bubbles. For subsonic streamer, the generation of the bubbles is more likely a thermal process, whereas for supersonic streamer, the ionization and dissociation of water molecules in high electric field are involved in the bubble generation process.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0021-8979 , 1089-7550
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1063/1.3026529
    Language: English
    Publisher: AIP Publishing
    Publication Date: 2008
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 220641-9
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 3112-4
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 1476463-5
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  • 2
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Multi-channel current electro-optic isolated measurement and discharge current characteristics in a parallel plate transmission line driver
    AIP Publishing ; 2023
    In:  Review of Scientific Instruments Vol. 94, No. 8 ( 2023-08-01)
    Details
    In: Review of Scientific Instruments, AIP Publishing, Vol. 94, No. 8 ( 2023-08-01)
    Abstract: In this paper, a 96 kJ compact synchronous discharge driver is designed. The issue of the current measurement of the six parallel gas spark switches is resolved by a multi-channel isolated current measuring system, and the driver’s circuit simulation model is constructed. Then, the discharge current characteristics of each branch and load are investigated, and the results show that when the operating voltage is at least 50 kV, the parallel switches are conducted synchronously. The designed multi-channel isolated current measuring system meets the use requirements at a maximum operating voltage of 80 kV, the peak current measured by a single channel is 500 kA at this time, which corresponds to the load current of 3 MA, and the current rise time (0%–100% rise time) is about 1.15 µs. However, the asynchronous conduction of these switches will increase the branch circuit’s peak current by a maximum of 25%, and the maximum value of the inverse peak current ratio of the branch will increase to 1.16, which will threaten the safe operation of the components. At this time, there is a redistribution of charge between the already conducting branches, so the impact of the load current is less than that of the basic branch current. When the conduction dispersion of the switchers is less than 452 ns, the peak current of the load reduction is less than 3%, and the current waveform meets the application requirements. The research is essential for understanding the operating status of the driver and assessing the through-current capability of the device’s components, such as gas switches and capacitors.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0034-6748 , 1089-7623
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1063/5.0124651
    Language: English
    Publisher: AIP Publishing
    Publication Date: 2023
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 209865-9
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 1472905-2
    SSG: 11
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  • 3
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Characteristics and development of damage in the interface of polyimide multilayer films under a repetitive-frequency-pulsed voltage
    AIP Publishing ; 2023
    In:  Journal of Applied Physics Vol. 133, No. 16 ( 2023-04-28)
    Details
    In: Journal of Applied Physics, AIP Publishing, Vol. 133, No. 16 ( 2023-04-28)
    Abstract: To study the initiation and development of interfacial electrical damage in multi-layer dielectrics, an aging test of 3-layer polyimide films was conducted under pulsed voltage with a repetitive frequency of 500 Hz and a maximal amplitude of 30 kV. The variation in the damage morphology with the number of applied pulses was analyzed by a statistical method. The circuit current and partial discharge at different aging stages was measured, and the Fourier transform infrared spectrum analysis results of the aged and unaged sample regions were compared. The results demonstrate that the partial discharge in the dielectric interface gap, which is unavoidable in manufacturing, is the main cause of damage. It initiates from the interface and grows into the interior of the dielectric with the application of pulses. When there are no macroscopic defects on dielectric films, damage presents a punctiform morphology. The damage process can be divided into the following three stages: surface roughening damage, steady growth stage of damage points, and pre-breakdown stage. Differing from dielectrics without macroscopic defects, dielectrics with original void defects present transverse dendritic damage channels that initiate from the edge of the defect.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0021-8979 , 1089-7550
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1063/5.0140578
    Language: English
    Publisher: AIP Publishing
    Publication Date: 2023
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 220641-9
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 3112-4
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 1476463-5
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  • 4
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Linear-like dielectric behavior and low energy loss achieved in poly(ethyl methacrylate) modified poly(vinylidene-co-trifluoroethylene)
    AIP Publishing ; 2014
    In:  Applied Physics Letters Vol. 104, No. 26 ( 2014-06-30)
    Details
    In: Applied Physics Letters, AIP Publishing, Vol. 104, No. 26 ( 2014-06-30)
    Abstract: To realize linear-like dielectric characteristics in normal ferroelectric poly(vinylidene-co-trifluoroethylene) (P(VDF-TrFE)), poly(ethyl methacrylate) (PEMA) was grafted onto poly(vinylidene fluoride-co-trifluoroethylene-co-chlorotrifluoroethylene) as side chains. The introduction of rigid PEMA segments resulted in the decreased crystallinity, crystal and ferroelectric domain size. As a result, reduced dielectric loss and improved modulus, therefore enhanced breakdown strength was obtained in the graft copolymers. Moreover, low energy loss (about 16.6%) and relatively high energy density (19.3 J cm−3) under high electric field (675 MV m−1) was achieved since the hysteresis induced by the ferroelectric relaxation of P(VDF-TrFE) has been completely eliminated.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0003-6951 , 1077-3118
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1063/1.4886391
    RVK:
    UA 1000
    Language: English
    Publisher: AIP Publishing
    Publication Date: 2014
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 211245-0
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 1469436-0
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  • 5
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Transition from snowplow to deflagration mode in a gas-prefilled parallel-plate plasma accelerator
    AIP Publishing ; 2020
    In:  Physics of Plasmas Vol. 27, No. 7 ( 2020-07-01)
    Details
    In: Physics of Plasmas, AIP Publishing, Vol. 27, No. 7 ( 2020-07-01)
    Abstract: The transition from snowplow mode to deflagration mode of a parallel-plate plasma accelerator under gas-prefilled conditions is studied. The accelerator is powered by a sinusoidal-wave power supply with a first half-period current of 24.3 μs. The current distribution of the current conduction channel is measured by magnetic probes, the optical emission spectrum by a spectroscopic system, and the plasma optical intensity by photodiodes. The parallel-plate plasma accelerator does not form a thin current sheet, but a wide and diffuse current conduction region when the capacitors are charged to 8 kV and 13 kV. The discharge mode is a transition from snowplow mode to deflagration mode, from the current leading edge to the trailing edge. The plasma front region continuously sweeps and ionizes the neutral gas within a certain thickness, which is characteristic of snowplow mode, whereas the plasma tail region is a stationary current conducting channel maintained by ablating the copper electrodes, which is characteristic of deflagration mode. The transition mechanism from snowplow mode to deflagration mode might be breakdown caused by rail electrode overvoltage.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1070-664X , 1089-7674
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1063/5.0008998
    Language: English
    Publisher: AIP Publishing
    Publication Date: 2020
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 1472746-8
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  • 6
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Characteristics and dispersity of a two gap capillary discharge applied for long spark gap ignition in air
    AIP Publishing ; 2017
    In:  Physics of Plasmas Vol. 24, No. 7 ( 2017-07-01)
    Details
    In: Physics of Plasmas, AIP Publishing, Vol. 24, No. 7 ( 2017-07-01)
    Abstract: In this paper, the characteristics and dispersity of a two gap capillary (TGC) discharge applied for long spark gap ignition are studied. Under the same discharge condition, 30 repetitive discharges are done to get a certain number of data samples. Accordingly, the change trend of the characteristics and the dispersity with the charging voltage of C1 are analyzed statistically. The delay of soft capillary discharge is determined by the saturation rate of the magnetic core of the pulse transformer and decreases with the increase in the charging voltage. The main discharge delay decreases from 1.0 kV to 2.0 kV and stops the decreasing trend when the charging voltage increases to 2.5 kV. In contrast, the current amplitude of soft capillary discharge and main discharge increases with charging voltage. Long tail extinction is witnessed at the charging voltage of 1.0 kV and the major cause is the insufficient pressure in the post discharge. The waveform of the capillary arc resistivity is U-like shape and the minimum resistivity decreases with the increase in the charging voltage. Meanwhile, the arc resistivity in the ascending stage is much higher than that in the descending stage with the same value of the discharge current. The energy consumption of the TGC discharge can be mainly divided into four parts and more than 70% of the energy is consumed in main discharge.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1070-664X , 1089-7674
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1063/1.4989714
    Language: English
    Publisher: AIP Publishing
    Publication Date: 2017
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 1472746-8
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  • 7
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Strong induced polarity between Poly(vinylidene fluoride-co-chlorotrifluoroethylene) and α-SiC and its influence on dielectric permittivity and loss of their composites
    AIP Publishing ; 2015
    In:  Journal of Applied Physics Vol. 117, No. 9 ( 2015-03-07)
    Details
    In: Journal of Applied Physics, AIP Publishing, Vol. 117, No. 9 ( 2015-03-07)
    Abstract: Interface polarization and interface zone have been widely utilized to account for the abnormally improved dielectric properties of composites although their formation is rather vague and their influence has never been directly measured. In this work, micro α-SiC was designed as the filler particles incorporated into poly(vinylidenefluoride-co-chlorotrifluoroethylene) with internal double bonds (P(VDF-CTFE-DB)) to construct polymer micro composites through solution casting method. The dielectric constant of the composites is found to be increasing linearly as SiC content increases at lower content and the highest value is obtained as 83 at 100 Hz, which is unusually higher than both pristine polymer (13@100 Hz) and SiC filler (17@100 Hz). By studying the dielectric properties of a bilayer model composite, the real dielectric permittivity of SiC sheet and P(VDF-CTFE-DB) layer has been directly measured to be significantly enhanced than their original value. The induced polarity between high polar PVDF units in polymer matrix and the electron-hole dipoles in α-SiC is responsible for the elevated dielectric properties of both components, which could address the failure of binary series and parallel models in predicting the dielectric permittivity of 0-3 composites as well. The strong dependence of induced polarity on the volume content, thickness, and polar nature of both components strongly suggests establishing promising high induced polarity between polymer matrix and fillers may provide an alternative strategy for fabricating high-k composites.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0021-8979 , 1089-7550
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1063/1.4914075
    Language: English
    Publisher: AIP Publishing
    Publication Date: 2015
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 220641-9
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 3112-4
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 1476463-5
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  • 8
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Optical emission spectroscopy investigation of the current sheet in a small-bore parallel-plate electromagnetic plasma accelerator
    AIP Publishing ; 2018
    In:  Physics of Plasmas Vol. 25, No. 11 ( 2018-11-01)
    Details
    In: Physics of Plasmas, AIP Publishing, Vol. 25, No. 11 ( 2018-11-01)
    Abstract: The optical emission spectrum of the propagating current sheet in a small-bore parallel-plate electromagnetic plasma accelerator has been studied. The accelerator is powered by a fourteen stage pulse forming network, which yields a damped oscillation square wave of current with a pulse width of 20.5 μs. The movement of the first current sheet and the second current sheet is identified using three single magnetic probes placed at various axial positions. Current sheet canting is measured by two double magnetic probes. The spectrum of the current sheet is measured using a spectroscopic system. The electron density of the current sheet plasma is determined via Stark broadening of the hydrogen Hα line. The current sheet is almost perpendicular to the electrode. The current sheet electron density increases as the current sheet propagates. The current sheet electron density is mainly determined by the prefill pressure rather than the discharge current. The impurity charged particles caused by ablation of the back wall insulator exists in the current sheet. Residual particles are generally left behind the first current sheet and are swept and ionized by the second current sheet. The estimated current sheet sweeping efficiency is greater than 80%. The parallel-plate electromagnetic plasma accelerator developed in this paper shows great potential in generating high electron density plasma jets.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1070-664X , 1089-7674
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1063/1.5055054
    Language: English
    Publisher: AIP Publishing
    Publication Date: 2018
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 1472746-8
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