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  • AIP Publishing  (125)
  • 1
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Interface and thickness tuning for blade coated small-molecule organic light-emitting diodes with high power efficiency
    AIP Publishing ; 2013
    In:  Journal of Applied Physics Vol. 114, No. 12 ( 2013-09-28)
    Details
    In: Journal of Applied Physics, AIP Publishing, Vol. 114, No. 12 ( 2013-09-28)
    Abstract: We developed a general method based on fluorescence microscopy to characterize the interface dissolution in multi-layer organic light-emitting diodes (OLEDs) by blade coating. A sharp bi-layer edge was created before blade coating, with the bottom layer being insoluble and top layer soluble. After blade coating, fluorescence images showed that the edge of the top layer shifted when the layer dissolved completely, whereas the bottom layer's edge remained in place as a positioning mark. The dissolution depth was determined to be 15–20 nm when the emissive-layer host of 2,6-bis (3-(9H-carbazol-9-yl)phenyl) pyridine (26DCzPPy) was coated on the hole-transport layer of N,N′-bis(naphthalen-1-yl)-N,N′-bis(phenyl)-benzidine(NPB), which was consistent with a sudden drop in efficiency of orange OLEDs with layer thickness below 20 nm. Thus, the layer thickness of OLEDs was optimized to stay more than 20 nm for blade coating. For a two-color white OLED with the structure TCTA/26DCzPPy:PO-01-TB:FIrpic/TPBI, efficiency was 24 cd/A and 8.5 lm/W at 1000 cd/m2. For a three-color white OLED with Os(fptz)2(dhpm) added as the emitter, the efficiency was 12.3 cd/A and 3.7 lm/W at 1000 cd/m2. For a green device with the structure TCTA/26DCzPPy:Ir(mppy)3/TPBI, the efficiency was 41.9 cd/A and 23.4 lm/W at 1000 cd/m2.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0021-8979 , 1089-7550
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1063/1.4821881
    Language: English
    Publisher: AIP Publishing
    Publication Date: 2013
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 220641-9
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 3112-4
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 1476463-5
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  • 2
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Continuous blade coating for multi-layer large-area organic light-emitting diode and solar cell
    AIP Publishing ; 2011
    In:  Journal of Applied Physics Vol. 110, No. 9 ( 2011-11-01)
    Details
    In: Journal of Applied Physics, AIP Publishing, Vol. 110, No. 9 ( 2011-11-01)
    Abstract: A continuous roll-to-roll compatible blade-coating method for multi-layers of general organic semiconductors is developed. Dissolution of the underlying film during coating is prevented by simultaneously applying heating from the bottom and gentle hot wind from the top. The solvent is immediately expelled and reflow inhibited. This method succeeds for polymers and small molecules. Uniformity is within 10% for 5 cm by 5 cm area with a mean value of tens of nanometers for both organic light-emitting diode (OLED) and solar cell structure with little material waste. For phosphorescent OLED 25 cd/A is achieved for green, 15 cd/A for orange, and 8 cd/A for blue. For fluorescent OLED 4.3 cd/A is achieved for blue, 9 cd/A for orange, and 6.9 cd/A for white. For OLED with 2 cm by 3 cm active area, the luminance variation is within 10%. Power conversion efficiency of 4.1% is achieved for polymer solar cell, similar to spin coating using the same materials. Very-low-cost and high-throughput fabrication of efficient organic devices is realized by the continuous blade-only method.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0021-8979 , 1089-7550
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1063/1.3636398
    Language: English
    Publisher: AIP Publishing
    Publication Date: 2011
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 220641-9
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 3112-4
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 1476463-5
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  • 3
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Fabrication and characterization of Na0.5K0.5NbO3-CuNb2O6 lead-free step-down piezoelectric transformers
    AIP Publishing ; 2011
    In:  Journal of Applied Physics Vol. 110, No. 4 ( 2011-08-15)
    Details
    In: Journal of Applied Physics, AIP Publishing, Vol. 110, No. 4 ( 2011-08-15)
    Abstract: Lead-free (Na0.5K0.5)NbO3 (NKN) ceramics doped with 1 mol% CuNb2O6 (01CN) ceramics were prepared using the conventional mixed oxide method at a sintering temperature of 1075 °C. NKN + 1 mol% CuTa2O6 (NKN-01CN) ceramics sintered at 1075 °C exhibit excellent “hard” piezoelectric properties of kp = 40%, kt = 45%, and k33 = 57%, with ferroelectric property Ec = 23 kV/cm. The mechanical quality factor (Qm) is extraordinarily high (1933) and the temperature stability is excellent (Temperature coefficient of frequency (TCF) = −154 ppm/°C). The piezoelectric transformer (PT) was fabricated on NKN-01CN lead-free substrates, and the electrical characteristics were investigated. The devices were simplified into an equivalent circuit and analyzed using the MATLAB software package. The simulation results matched the experimental results. By reversing the input and the output, the step-down PT can be easily fabricated using a simple disk-type structure. A maximum efficiency of 93% with a voltage gain of 0.12 was measured, which was in good agreement with the simulation results (a maximum efficiency of 98.7% with a voltage gain of 0.13) for the step-down mode.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0021-8979 , 1089-7550
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1063/1.3624579
    Language: English
    Publisher: AIP Publishing
    Publication Date: 2011
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 220641-9
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 3112-4
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 1476463-5
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  • 4
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Self-induced Anderson localization and optical limiting in photonic crystal coupled cavity waveguides with Kerr nonlinearity
    AIP Publishing ; 2007
    In:  Applied Physics Letters Vol. 90, No. 21 ( 2007-05-21)
    Details
    In: Applied Physics Letters, AIP Publishing, Vol. 90, No. 21 ( 2007-05-21)
    Abstract: The transmission behavior of photonic crystal coupled cavity waveguides (CCWs) with Kerr nonlinearity is investigated by numerical simulations based on the finite-difference time-domain technique. The authors find that a nearly ideal optical limiter can be realized by use of a nonlinear CCW. In addition, it is revealed that Anderson localization [Phys. Rev. 109, 1492 (1958)] of the extended states in the impurity band instead of the shift of the impurity band is responsible for the observed optical limiting. Therefore, nonlinear CCWs offer a convenient platform for studying Anderson localization of electromagnetic waves in a controlled fashion and will find potential applications in optical limiting and switching.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0003-6951 , 1077-3118
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1063/1.2742595
    RVK:
    UA 1000
    Language: English
    Publisher: AIP Publishing
    Publication Date: 2007
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 211245-0
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 1469436-0
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  • 5
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    H&E-like staining of OCT images of human skin via generative adversarial network
    AIP Publishing ; 2022
    In:  Applied Physics Letters Vol. 121, No. 13 ( 2022-09-26)
    Details
    In: Applied Physics Letters, AIP Publishing, Vol. 121, No. 13 ( 2022-09-26)
    Abstract: Noninvasive and high-speed optical coherence tomography (OCT) systems have been widely deployed for daily clinical uses. High-resolution OCTs are advancing rapidly; however, grey-level OCT images are not easy to read for pathologists due to the lack of diagnosis specificity compared with hematoxylin and eosin (H & E) stained images. This work presents an OCT to H & E image translation model to convert the OCT images to H & E-like stained images using unpaired OCT and H & E datasets. “H & E like” means the stratum corneum (SC) boundary and the dermal-epidermal junction (DEJ) of the OCT and the translated images are consistent. Pre-trained segmentation models for the DEJ and the SC are exploited to enhance the performance of anatomical image translation and reduce the DEJ and SC lower boundary errors to ±2.3 and ±1.7 μm, respectively. A pre-trained VGG16 network extracts the features of the nuclei. Pearson's correlation coefficient of the nuclei location and size consistency is 84% ± 1%. As a result, in vivo medical image translation accuracy with cellular resolution was achieved.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0003-6951 , 1077-3118
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1063/5.0122965
    RVK:
    UA 1000
    Language: English
    Publisher: AIP Publishing
    Publication Date: 2022
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 211245-0
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 1469436-0
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  • 6
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Deep-learning-aided metasurface design for megapixel acoustic hologram
    AIP Publishing ; 2023
    In:  Applied Physics Reviews Vol. 10, No. 2 ( 2023-06-01)
    Details
    In: Applied Physics Reviews, AIP Publishing, Vol. 10, No. 2 ( 2023-06-01)
    Abstract: Unlike the holography technique using active sound source arrays, metasurface-based holography can avoid cumbersome circuitry and only needs a single transducer. However, a large number of individually designed elements with unique amplitude and phase modulation capabilities are often required to obtain a high-quality holographic image, which is a non-trivial task. In this paper, the deep-learning-aided inverse design of an acoustic metasurface-based hologram with millions of elements to reconstruct megapixel pictures is reported. To improve the imaging quality, an iterative compensation algorithm is proposed to remove the interference fringes and unclear details of the images. A megapixel image of Mona Lisa's portrait is reconstructed by a 2000 × 2000 metasurface-based hologram. Finally, the design is experimentally validated by a metasurface consisting 30 × 30 three-dimensional printed elements that can reproduce the eye part of Mona Lisa's portrait. It is shown that the sparse arrangement of the elements can produce high-quality images even when the metasurface has fewer elements than the targeted image pixels.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1931-9401
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1063/5.0136802
    Language: English
    Publisher: AIP Publishing
    Publication Date: 2023
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2265524-4
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  • 7
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Direct observation of the interface structure of thin YBa2Cu3O x film (〈500 Å) deposited on SrTiO3(001) utilizing grazing incidence x-ray diffraction
    AIP Publishing ; 1994
    In:  Applied Physics Letters Vol. 65, No. 13 ( 1994-09-26), p. 1720-1722
    Details
    In: Applied Physics Letters, AIP Publishing, Vol. 65, No. 13 ( 1994-09-26), p. 1720-1722
    Abstract: The structure near the interface of thin YBa2Cu3Ox films ( & lt;500 Å) deposited on SrTiO3(001) with laser ablation was revealed utilizing grazing incidence x-ray diffraction. The structure consists of a layer with large crystal mosaicity just above the interface, a c-oriented tetragonal layer with lattice constants a=b=3.883±0.001 Å, and a well textured but strained orthorhombic layer with lattice constants a≂3.887 Å, b≂3.867 Å in the middle, and a thin air-contaminated top layer. The thicknesses of the differently structured layers determined from x-ray reflectivity data are 50±4.7, 20±2.2, 200±5.5, and 12.56±0.14 Å, from the interface to the top layer, respectively. Since there are no additional phases appearing in this system aside from those mentioned, we conclude that the film remains strained at a distance about 300 Å above the interface.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0003-6951 , 1077-3118
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1063/1.112897
    RVK:
    UA 1000
    Language: English
    Publisher: AIP Publishing
    Publication Date: 1994
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 211245-0
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  • 8
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Reflection-type broadband coding metasurfaces for acoustic focusing and splitting
    AIP Publishing ; 2022
    In:  Applied Physics Letters Vol. 120, No. 14 ( 2022-04-04)
    Details
    In: Applied Physics Letters, AIP Publishing, Vol. 120, No. 14 ( 2022-04-04)
    Abstract: In this paper, we propose a kind of reflection-type broadband acoustic coding metasurfaces (BACMs), which are composed of two square helical channels and the connected air cavity at the end of the channels. This helical-cavity coupled structure is selected as a logical unit “1,” the pure air hole is set as a logical unit “0,” and the reflective phase difference of the two units is approximately equal to π in a broad frequency range. More importantly, we reveal a somewhat unconventional mechanism of the coupling resonance between the helical channel and the air cavity for the broadband characteristic, which can be hardly realized by the traditional space-coiling or Helmholtz-resonator metasurfaces. We prove that the 0/1 encoding form can be reconstructed simply by inserting the spiral structure or not. By encoding the sequence of the logical units in the BACMs, the broadband acoustic focusing lens and acoustic splitter within the frequency range of [2.4, 5.6 kHz] are demonstrated numerically and experimentally. Our study may find applications in the fields of acoustic wave devices.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0003-6951 , 1077-3118
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1063/5.0087339
    RVK:
    UA 1000
    Language: English
    Publisher: AIP Publishing
    Publication Date: 2022
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 211245-0
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 1469436-0
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  • 9
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    Online Resource
    Effect of atomic disorder or chain length on the stability of photoinduced polarization inversion
    AIP Publishing ; 2002
    In:  The Journal of Chemical Physics Vol. 116, No. 15 ( 2002-04-15), p. 6760-6763
    Details
    In: The Journal of Chemical Physics, AIP Publishing, Vol. 116, No. 15 ( 2002-04-15), p. 6760-6763
    Abstract: The effect of atomic disorder or chain length on the stability of photoinduced polarization inversion has been studied. The atomic disorder was simulated by square-random or Gaussian-random model. It was found that for the square-random distribution case, photoinduced polarization inversion remains steadily when atomic disorder is less than 18a (a is the lattice constant of polyacetylene), the reversion polarization disappears and gets into normal polarized state when the disorder is stronger than over 18a. The reason of a normal polarization resulted from the strong lattice disorder was discussed. The relationship between the reverse polarization of biexciton state and the confinement constant te as well as the variation of chain length was also studied.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0021-9606 , 1089-7690
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1063/1.1461364
    Language: English
    Publisher: AIP Publishing
    Publication Date: 2002
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 3113-6
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 1473050-9
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  • 10
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Theoretical Study of RgNO (Rg=He, Ne, Ar and Kr) Complexes
    AIP Publishing ; 2007
    In:  Chinese Journal of Chemical Physics Vol. 20, No. 2 ( 2007-04-01), p. 113-118
    Details
    In: Chinese Journal of Chemical Physics, AIP Publishing, Vol. 20, No. 2 ( 2007-04-01), p. 113-118
    Abstract: RgNO (Rg=He, Ne, Ar and Kr) complexes were studied using ab initio calculations. The neutral RgNO complex geometry and vibrational frequencies were calculated with the cc-pVDZ basis set at the CCSD(T) level of theory. The calculations show that the geometry of the RgNO complexes is a skewed T-shape with the Rg atom on the oxygen side of the NO molecule, and that the RgNO bond angle increases with mass. The dissociation energies (DE) and ionization energies (IE) of the neutral RgNO complexes, and the dissociation energies of RgNO+ ionic complexes were calculated using Gaussian-2 (G2) methods and a high accuracy energy model. The ionization energies of the neutral RgNO complexes range from 9.265 eV for HeNO to 9.132 eV for KrNO and the dissociation energies of RgNO+ range from 0.017 eV for HeNO+ to 0.156 eV for KrNO+, in line with the expectation based on the increasing polarizability of the Rg atom.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1674-0068 , 2327-2244
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1360/cjcp2007.20(2).113.6
    Language: English
    Publisher: AIP Publishing
    Publication Date: 2007
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2381472-X
    SSG: 6,25
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