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  • Physics  (46)
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  • Physics  (46)
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  • 1
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Wireless gas sensing based on a passive piezoelectric resonant sensor array through near-field induction
    AIP Publishing ; 2016
    In:  Applied Physics Letters Vol. 109, No. 26 ( 2016-12-26)
    Details
    In: Applied Physics Letters, AIP Publishing, Vol. 109, No. 26 ( 2016-12-26)
    Abstract: We developed a wireless and passive piezoelectric resonant sensor for contimuous volatile organic compound detection. An equivalent circuit is proposed to model the sensing system, and Lamb wave resonators are adopted to demonstrate the wireless interrogation achieved by near-field inductive coupling. The wireless sensing system is employed to monitor the ethanol vapor concentration, and the sensitivity of the wireless sensor barely degrades compared to that of the wired one. Further, we simultaneously and wirelessly tracked several resonance frequencies of a monolithic sensor array, which demonstrates its potential for high-throughput and real-time point-of-care test.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0003-6951 , 1077-3118
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1063/1.4973280
    RVK:
    UA 1000
    Language: English
    Publisher: AIP Publishing
    Publication Date: 2016
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 211245-0
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 1469436-0
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  • 2
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Linewidth roughness in nanowire-mask-based graphene nanoribbons
    AIP Publishing ; 2011
    In:  Applied Physics Letters Vol. 98, No. 24 ( 2011-06-13)
    Details
    In: Applied Physics Letters, AIP Publishing, Vol. 98, No. 24 ( 2011-06-13)
    Abstract: We present the analysis of linewidth roughness (LWR) in nanowire-mask-based graphene nanoribbons (GNRs) and evaluate its impact on the device performance. The data show that the LWR amplitude decreases with the GNR width, possibly due to the etching undercut near the edge of a nanowire-mask. We further discuss the large variation in GNR devices in the presence of LWR by analyzing the measured transport properties and on/off ratios.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0003-6951 , 1077-3118
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1063/1.3599596
    RVK:
    UA 1000
    Language: English
    Publisher: AIP Publishing
    Publication Date: 2011
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 211245-0
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 1469436-0
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  • 3
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Multifunctional tyrosine modified SnO2 to improve the performance of perovskite solar cells
    AIP Publishing ; 2022
    In:  Applied Physics Letters Vol. 121, No. 7 ( 2022-08-15)
    Details
    In: Applied Physics Letters, AIP Publishing, Vol. 121, No. 7 ( 2022-08-15)
    Abstract: Recently, it has been demonstrated that the use of SnO2 as the electron transport layer (ETL) of perovskite (PSK) solar cells (PSCs) yields high efficiency, which is comparable to that of the TiO2 layer with the same structure. At the same time, the SnO2-based PSCs show improved stability. Herein, the defects at the device interface are reduced and the efficiency of the planar PSCs is enhanced by improving the interface contact between the ETL and the perovskite (PSK) layer. As an essential amino acid, tyrosine (Tyr) is introduced into SnO2 to fill the oxygen vacancies in SnO2 films and improve the nucleation of PSK. From our analysis, it was found that the interface contact between the SnO2 ETL and the PSK layer was increased and the defects at the interface were reduced. In addition, it was demonstrated that the introduction of Tyr could effectively suppress the charge recombination and improve the electron extraction efficiency. As a result, a champion power conversion efficiency (PCE) of 22.17% was obtained from Tyr modified PSCs, owing to the enhanced PSK film quality and carrier extraction efficiency. On top of that, the Tyr-modified device still maintained 87% of the initial recorded PCE, which was stored in the ambient air (25 °C, 25%  ±  5% RH) for 864 h without encapsulation.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0003-6951 , 1077-3118
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1063/5.0100567
    RVK:
    UA 1000
    Language: English
    Publisher: AIP Publishing
    Publication Date: 2022
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 211245-0
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 1469436-0
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  • 4
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Solution-processed amorphous Ga2O3:CdO TFT-type deep-UV photodetectors
    AIP Publishing ; 2020
    In:  Applied Physics Letters Vol. 116, No. 19 ( 2020-05-11)
    Details
    In: Applied Physics Letters, AIP Publishing, Vol. 116, No. 19 ( 2020-05-11)
    Abstract: Amorphous Ga2O3:CdO thin films and their thin-film transistor (TFT) photodetectors were fabricated via a simple and low-cost spin-coating method. The film optical bandgap and TFT electrical parameters can be effectively regulated via changing the Cd content. The optimized Ga2O3:CdO TFT photodetector exhibited a responsivity of 2.17 A/W and a high UV/vis. rejection of 1.88 × 104 under 260 nm at small working biases, which are comparable or even superior to the recently reported results. Systematic comparison between metal-semiconductor-metal- and TFT-type photodetectors further confirmed that our TFT photodetectors had superior detective performance and lower electrical power consumption.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0003-6951 , 1077-3118
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1063/5.0007617
    RVK:
    UA 1000
    Language: English
    Publisher: AIP Publishing
    Publication Date: 2020
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 211245-0
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  • 5
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    White organic light-emitting devices using a phosphorescent sensitizer
    AIP Publishing ; 2003
    In:  Applied Physics Letters Vol. 82, No. 24 ( 2003-06-16), p. 4224-4226
    Details
    In: Applied Physics Letters, AIP Publishing, Vol. 82, No. 24 ( 2003-06-16), p. 4224-4226
    Abstract: The efficiency of white organic light-emitting devices has been improved dramatically by the introduction of a phosphorescent material, fac tris (2-phenylpyridine) iridium [Ir(ppy)3] as a sensitizer. Ir(ppy)3 and 4-(dicyanomethylene)-2-t-butyl-6-(1,1,7,7-tetramethyljulolidyl-9-enyl) are codoped into 4,4′-N,N′-dicarbazole-biphenyl (CBP) host. The chromaticity of white emission can be tuned by adjusting the thickness of the codoped CBP layer or the concentration of Ir(ppy)3. The luminance efficiency of these devices is affected at the same time due to the severe difference in efficiency between the two primary emission peaks.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0003-6951 , 1077-3118
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1063/1.1584075
    RVK:
    UA 1000
    Language: English
    Publisher: AIP Publishing
    Publication Date: 2003
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 211245-0
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 1469436-0
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  • 6
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Topology breaking of the vortex in multiferroic Y0.67Lu0.33MnO3
    AIP Publishing ; 2014
    In:  Applied Physics Letters Vol. 105, No. 1 ( 2014-07-07)
    Details
    In: Applied Physics Letters, AIP Publishing, Vol. 105, No. 1 ( 2014-07-07)
    Abstract: Although topological defects, such as domain walls (DWs) or vortices, are naturally protected by topological invariance, yet, we discover an exception that the six-state topology of the vortex with Z2 × Z3 symmetry is broken by a partial edge dislocation (PED) in hexagonal Y0.67Lu0.33MnO3, where the topologies of the four-state vortex or closed DWs emerges. Using aberration-corrected scanning transmission electron microscopy, we found that the PED plays an important role in changing the phase of translation domain. The PED at the vortex core leads to the formation of the four-state vortex, while the ones at closed DWs connect different types of DWs, both corresponding to continuous phase changes. These results indicate that PEDs can change the topology of translation-related domain vortices and more vortices with even domains can be expected.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0003-6951 , 1077-3118
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1063/1.4887057
    RVK:
    UA 1000
    Language: English
    Publisher: AIP Publishing
    Publication Date: 2014
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 211245-0
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 1469436-0
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  • 7
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    A highly transparent laminated composite cathode for organic light-emitting diodes
    AIP Publishing ; 2021
    In:  Applied Physics Letters Vol. 119, No. 7 ( 2021-08-16)
    Details
    In: Applied Physics Letters, AIP Publishing, Vol. 119, No. 7 ( 2021-08-16)
    Abstract: Transparent conductive electrodes are one of the important components of organic optoelectronic devices. Mg:Ag alloys have been widely used as a semi-transparent cathode for top-emitting organic light-emitting diodes (OLEDs) or transparent OLEDs (TrOLEDs) due to their high conductivity and relatively low work function. However, their low transmittance makes the light-extraction efficiency to be comparatively low. In this study, a highly transparent (84.6% in the visible light range), conductive, laminated cathode with the structure of ZnO/Mg:Ag/ZnO was fabricated via atomic layer deposition (ALD). ALD-deposited ZnO is used to protect the vulnerable ultrathin Mg:Ag-alloy layer, while preserving its low work function for the entire structure. In particular, the bottom ZnO layer is used as an ETL, which can provide reasonable energy alignment between the cathode layer and the emission layer and prevent metal particles from penetrating into the underlying organic layer. The top-emission OLED, which is prepared in this study by using the laminated cathode, showed an 85.8% increase in brightness, with a current density of 11.2 mA/cm3 at 4.0 V, which is an ultra-low voltage compared with devices made with Mg:Ag cathodes. In addition, the total luminance of TrOLEDs increases 34.4% compared with devices using Mg:Ag cathodes. Furthermore, the average transmittance of the device was still as high as 77.19% for visible light.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0003-6951 , 1077-3118
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1063/5.0057184
    RVK:
    UA 1000
    Language: English
    Publisher: AIP Publishing
    Publication Date: 2021
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 211245-0
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 1469436-0
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  • 8
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Temperature profile and transient response of thermally tunable ridge waveguides with laterally supported suspension
    AIP Publishing ; 2020
    In:  Applied Physics Letters Vol. 116, No. 1 ( 2020-01-06)
    Details
    In: Applied Physics Letters, AIP Publishing, Vol. 116, No. 1 ( 2020-01-06)
    Abstract: Using the thermoreflectance imaging method, the temperature profile and transient response of thermally tunable ridge waveguides with laterally supported suspension are investigated. This method has a high accuracy in the temperature measurement. The experimental data convincingly confirm a uniform temperature distribution along the waveguide except the initial 30 μm long sections near the two longitudinal edges. The 10%–90% rising time and 90%–10% falling time of the device transient thermal response are also measured to be ∼48 μs and ∼44 μs, respectively, regardless of different waveguide lengths and at different heating powers. In addition, the delay time of the waveguide transient thermal response is revealed to be 1.3 μs by comparison between experiment and simulation.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0003-6951 , 1077-3118
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1063/1.5131786
    RVK:
    UA 1000
    Language: English
    Publisher: AIP Publishing
    Publication Date: 2020
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 211245-0
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 1469436-0
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  • 9
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Structural stability and electro-elastic property of YCOB crystal annealed in harsh environment
    AIP Publishing ; 2018
    In:  Applied Physics Letters Vol. 113, No. 12 ( 2018-09-17)
    Details
    In: Applied Physics Letters, AIP Publishing, Vol. 113, No. 12 ( 2018-09-17)
    Abstract: The YCa4O(BO3)3 (YCOB) piezoelectric crystal has been actively studied for high temperature sensor applications in the last few years. In this paper, the structure stability and electro-elastic properties of the YCOB crystal annealed in a harsh environment (high temperatures of 600–1100 °C and a low atmospheric pressure of 2 × 10−5 atm for 24 h) were studied. The chemical bonding energy of the annealed YCOB crystal was studied, with variations being less than 0.2 eV, showing the high stability of the electronic structure in the YCOB crystal. The energies of vacancy formation (EVF) for Y, Ca, O, and B atoms were analyzed via first principles calculation. The O atoms were found to possess the lowest EVF value, being easier to escape (annealing in critical conditions) and compensate (thermal treatment at elevated temperatures in air) when compared to other atoms, thus leading to oxygen vacancy defects and a decrease in the chemical bonding strength after the annealing process. This is deemed to be the main factor dominating the electro-elastic property changes and their recovery behaviours.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0003-6951 , 1077-3118
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1063/1.5042284
    RVK:
    UA 1000
    Language: English
    Publisher: AIP Publishing
    Publication Date: 2018
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 211245-0
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 1469436-0
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  • 10
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Optimizing the gradient stress sandwich structure thin-film encapsulation for super flexible organic light-emitting devices
    AIP Publishing ; 2023
    In:  Applied Physics Letters Vol. 123, No. 8 ( 2023-08-21)
    Details
    In: Applied Physics Letters, AIP Publishing, Vol. 123, No. 8 ( 2023-08-21)
    Abstract: To enable organic light-emitting diodes (OLEDs) to be rolled and folded, we need a flexible encapsulation layer that can protect organic materials and metal electrodes that are susceptible to moisture and oxygen. Thin films that encapsulate organic electronic devices need to have excellent mechanical properties to prevent cracks during bending. Using plasma-enhanced chemical vapor deposition (PECVD) and other techniques, we fabricated high-density, stress gradient sandwich-structured films and studied the residual stress of deposited films on encapsulating films and their effect on delamination and cracking. We found that by adjusting the H2/N2 gas ratio and optimizing the Si:N:H ratio of PECVD SiNx:H films, denser, more etch-resistant, higher compressive stress and lower hydrogen content films can be deposited, thereby enable better flexible thin film encapsulation (TFE). We also deposited an inorganic/organic/inorganic sandwich structure film and utilized stress gradient changes to relieve the tensile stress on the outer film during bending. After standardized testing, the OLED with the stress gradient encapsulation structure has no dark spots after bending 10 000 times (bending radius 2 mm). This technique can be used in flexible TFE for various organic devices, showing promising applications in bendable and wearable products.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0003-6951 , 1077-3118
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1063/5.0156567
    RVK:
    UA 1000
    Language: English
    Publisher: AIP Publishing
    Publication Date: 2023
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 211245-0
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 1469436-0
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