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  • 1
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    Emissions of Nitric Oxide from Photochemical and Microbial Processes in Coastal Waters of the Yellow and East China Seas (2023)
    ACS (American Chemical Society)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-02-07
    Description: Nitric oxide (NO) is an atmospheric pollutant and climate forcer as well as a key intermediary in the marine nitrogen cycle, but the ocean’s NO contribution and production mechanisms remain unclear. Here, high-resolution NO observations were conducted simultaneously in the surface ocean and the lower atmosphere of the Yellow Sea and the East China Sea; moreover, NO production from photolysis and microbial processes was analyzed. The NO sea–air exchange showed uneven distributions (RSD = 349.1%) with an average flux of 5.3 ± 18.5 × 10–17 mol cm–2 s–1. In coastal waters where nitrite photolysis was the predominant source (89.0%), NO concentrations were remarkably higher (84.7%) than the overall average of the study area. The NO from archaeal nitrification accounted for 52.8% of all microbial production (11.0%). We also examined the relationship between gaseous NO and ozone which helped identify sources of atmospheric NO. The sea-to-air flux of NO in coastal waters was narrowed by contaminated air with elevated NO concentrations. These findings indicate that the emissions of NO from coastal waters, mainly controlled by reactive nitrogen inputs, will increase with the reduced terrestrial NO discharge.
    Type: Article , PeerReviewed
    Format: text
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    OceanRep: Article in a Scientific Journal - peer-reviewed
  • 2
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    Continuous Chemiluminescence Measurements of Dissolved Nitric Oxide (NO) and Nitrogen Dioxide (NO2) in the Ocean Surface Layer of the East China Sea (2021)
    ACS (American Chemical Society)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-02-07
    Description: Nitric oxide (NO) is a short-lived intermediate of the oceanic nitrogen cycle, and it is produced by biological and photochemical processes in the ocean. Nitrogen dioxide (NO2) is a reactive atmospheric compound which has not been determined in the ocean so far. Here, we present the setup and validation of a novel continuous underway measurement system to measure dissolved NO and NO2 in the surface ocean. The system consists of a seawater/gas equilibration component coupled to a chemiluminescence detector. It was successfully deployed during a 12 day cruise to the East China Sea in May 2018. Dissolved NO and NO2 surface concentrations ranged from 〈limit of detection (LOD) to 98 × 10-12 mol L-1 and 〈LOD to 83 × 10-12 mol L-1, respectively. The ECS was supersaturated with NO but significantly undersaturated with NO2, indicating that the surface waters were a source for atmospheric NO but a sink for atmospheric NO2 at the time of our measurements.
    Type: Article , PeerReviewed
    Format: text
    Location Call Number Limitation Availability
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    OceanRep: Article in a Scientific Journal - peer-reviewed
  • 3
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    Study on essential oils from four species of Zhishi with gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (2014)
    Chemistry Central
    Details
    Publication Date: 2014-04-04
    Description: Background: Citrus fruits are widely used as food and or for medicinal purposes, and they contain a host of active substances that contribute to health. The immature fruits of Citrus sinensis Osbeck and its cultivars (CS), C. junos Sieb. ex Tanaka (CJ), C. aurantium L. and its cultivars (CA) and Poncirus trifoliate Raf. (PT) are the most commonly used medicinal herbs in Traditional Chinese Medicine, called Zhishi. And their mature fruits can be used as food. Results: In this study, the essential oils of four different Zhishi species were extracted by steam distillation and detected using gas chromatography- mass spectrometry (GC-MS). A total of 39 volatiles from the four species were tentatively identified. The limonene volatile was the most abundant amongst the four species. Principal component analysis (PCA) of essential oils showed a clear separation of volatiles among CS, CJ and PT. However, CA could not be separated from these three species. Additionally, the volatiles accounting for the variations among the widely separated species were characterized through their corresponding loading weight. Conclusion: Sesquiterpenes were identified as characteristic markers for PT. The content of some monoterpenes could be as taxonomic markers between CS and CJ. This work is of great importance for the evaluation and authentication of Zhishi samples through essential oils.
    Electronic ISSN: 1752-153X
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Published by Chemistry Central
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