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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    s.l. : American Chemical Society
    Journal of the American Chemical Society 92 (1970), S. 1530-1532 
    ISSN: 1520-5126
    Source: ACS Legacy Archives
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    s.l. : American Chemical Society
    Accounts of chemical research 4 (1971), S. 145-152 
    ISSN: 1520-4898
    Source: ACS Legacy Archives
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Experimental brain research 18 (1973), S. 204-213 
    ISSN: 1432-1106
    Keywords: Lateral geniculate nucleus ; Mesencephalic reticular formation ; Pontine reticular formation ; Visual system ; Primates
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary Under barbiturate anesthesia the brain stem of squirrel monkeys was explored for points from which stimulation could influence synaptic transmission through the lateral geniculate nucleus. The central region of the mesencephalic reticular formation was clearly the most effective site. Other effective loci were in the pontine reticular formation, pretectal area and brachium of the superior colliculus. Considerably less effective was stimulation of the superior colliculus or central gray. Except for the region of the corticotectal tract as it passes through the pulvinar, stimulation of the diencephalon up to the level of A8 was without effect. The limited extent of the effective regions, the bilaterality of their influence, and the fact that when inhibitory and facilitatory effects were both obtained, they were maximal from the same locus, all suggest that a single functional system was engaged. However, purely inhibitory effects were sometimes obtained and are difficult to account for on the basis of a single system even though they originated from the same general area which gave the more common biphasic effects.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 4
    ISSN: 1432-1106
    Keywords: Eye movements ; Lateral geniculate nucleus ; Mesencephalic reticular formation ; Pretectal area ; Visual system
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary 1. In squirrel monkeys or macaques under barbiturate anesthesia one or a few electrical pulses applied to the mesencephalic reticular formation or pretectal area alters synaptic transmission through the lateral geniculate nucleus, as tested by magnitude of response in optic radiation to stimulation of optic tract. The effect begins within 5–10 msec after the start of the mesencephalic stimulation and is usually biphasic. Initial inhibition lasts for about 30 msec and is then replaced by facilitation which peaks around 70–120 msec and may endure as much as 1 sec. 2. The major site of the effect is upon the lateral geniculate nucleus, and both magno- and parvocellular elements are involved. Only rarely does the mesencephalic stimulation directly alter excitability of striate cortex. 3. In this respect, as well as in the strong facilitation of photically elicited responses, the effects in primates differ significantly from those in cats. 4. Although the inhibition observed in the lateral geniculate nucleus meets criteria commonly believed to signify a presynaptic origin, several paradoxical facts (see Discussion) must be resolved before this interpretation can be secure. 5. It is hypothesized that the observed effects arise primarily from intrusion into a system normally concerned with the acquisition of visual information by ocular saccades. Saccadic gating of transmission through the lateral geniculate nucleus would distinguish self-generated visual signals from similar, extrinsically initiated signals, and would thus constitute the “corollary discharge”.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 5
    ISSN: 1432-1106
    Keywords: Lateral geniculate nucleus ; Mesencephalic reticular formation ; Visual system ; Primates ; Sleep
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary Transmission through the lateral geniculate nucleus (LGN) undergoes large, sudden changes, as does excitability of striate cortex, in unanesthetized macaques and squirrel monkeys. Tactile or auditory stimuli, or brief stimulation of the mesencephalic reticular formation has a pronounced facilitatory effect if the monkey is moderately inattentive. However, when the monkey is fully alert, the mesencephalic stimulation may produce no enhancement. During slow-wave sleep, transmission through LGN is greatly curtailed, but excitability of striate cortex is dramatically augmented. Anesthesia, on the other hand, severely depresses both LGN and striate cortex.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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